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AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN 1

INTRODUCTION 2

PART ONE 12

1．Ancestry and Early Youth in Boston 12

2．Beginning Life as a Printer 25

3．Arrival in Philadelphia 37

4．First Visit to Boston 46

5．Early Friends in Philadelphia 55

6．First Visit to London 60

7．Beginning Business in Philadelphia 75

8．Business Success and First Public Service 93

PART TWO 101

9．Plan for Attaining Moral Perfection 107

PART THREE 121

10．Poor Richard's Almanac and Other Activities 125

11．Interest in Public Affairs 135

12．Defense of the Province 144

13．Public Services and Duties(1749～1753) 154

14．Albany Plan of Union 170

15．Quarrels with the Proprietary Governors 173

16．Braddock's Expedition 177

17．Franklin's Defense of the Frontier 191

18．Scientific Experiments 201

19．Agent of Pennsylvania in London 206

PART FOUR 219

SELECTED WRITINGS 225

NEWSPAPER WRITINGS:1722～1734 226

Silence Dogood,No.7(1722) 226

Preface to the Pennsylvania Gazette(1729) 231

A Witch Trial at Mount Holly 233

POOR RICHARD'S ALMANAC:1733～1758 236

Preface to Poor Richard(1733) 237

Preface to Poor Richard(1739) 238

The Way to Wealth 241

PROJECTS:1728～1749 252

Rules for a Club Established for Mutual Improvement(1728) 252

A Proposal for Promoting Useful Knowledge among the British Plantations in America(1743) 255

OBSERVATIONS AND EXPERIMENTS:1744～1785 259

An Account of the New Invented Pennsylvanian Fireplaces 259

Of Lightning(The Lightning Road)(1767) 268

ESSAYS:1747～1768 274

The Speech of Polly Baker(1747) 274

Exporting of Felons to the Colonies(1751) 277

Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind,and the Peopling of Countries(1751) 280

On the Price of Corn,and Management of the Poor(1766) 289

LETTERS:1771～1775 294

What Sort of Husbands Would Be Fittest(1771) 294

To Jonathan Shipley(1775) 297

REVOLUTIONARY WRITINGS:1766～1787 303

Rules by Which a Great Empire May Be Reduced to a Small One;Presented privately to a late Minister,when he entered upon his Administration(1773) 303

To the Count de Vergennes,a Diplomatic Apology(1782) 313

Speech in the Convention,at the Constitution of Its Deliberrations(1787) 315

WISE,PRACTICAL,AND HUMOROUS WRITINGS OF THE AGED SAGE:1722～1790 318

To Joseph Priestley,On Moral Algebra,or Decision-making(1772) 318

The Ephemera(1778) 320

The Whistle(1779) 322

On Cotton Mather(1784) 325

A Letter to Samuel Mather(1784) 328

To Ezra Stiles a Religious Credo(1790) 329

POEMS AND EPITAPH 332

I Sing My Plain Country Joan 332

Franklin's Epitaph 335

Appendix 336