草地病虫害及防治PDF电子书下载

第一章　草地豆科植物病虫害 1

1.1　草地豆科植物病害　Diseases of Legumes on Grassland 1

1.1.1 草地豆科植物锈病　Rusts of Legumes on Grassland 1

1.1.2　草地豆科植物白粉病　Powdery Mildew of Legumea 13

1.1.3　草地豆科植物霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Legunes 21

1.1.4　草地豆科植物的镰孢根腐病 Fusarium Root Rot of Legumes 24

1.1.5　豆科牧草丝核菌根腐病（基腐、立枯） Rhizoctonia Root Rot of Legumes 28

1.1.6　丝囊霉根腐病 Aphanomyces Root Rot of Legumes 29

1.1.7　腐霉根腐或猝倒病 Pythium Root Rot or Damping-off of Legumes 29

1.1.8　豆科牧草炭疽病 Anthracnose of Legumes 32

1.1.9　豆科牧草菌核病（菌核软腐病） Sclerotinia Crown and Stem Rot of Legumes 34

1.1.10　豆科牧草白绢病 Sclerotium or Southern Blight of Legumes 35

1.1.11 豆科牧草黄萎病 Verticillium Wilt of Legumes 36

1.1.12　苜蓿炭腐病 Charcoal Rot of Alfalfa 37

1.1.13　苜蓿及三叶草褐斑病 Common Leaf Spot of Alfalfa and Clover 38

1.1.14　豆科牧草黑斑病 Black Leaf Spot of Legumes 40

1.1.15　苜蓿黄斑病 Yellow Leaf Blotch of Alfalfa 41

1.1.16　豆科牧草小光壳叶斑病 Leptosphaerulina Leaf Spot of Legumes 42

1.1.17　苜蓿春季黑茎与叶斑病 Spring Black Stem and Leaf Spot of Alfalfa 43

1.1.18　豆科植物壳二孢叶斑病 Ascochyta Leaf Spot of Legumes 44

1.1.19　豆科牧草匐柄霉叶斑病 Stemphylium Leaf Spot of Legumes 46

1.1.20　豆科牧草尾孢叶斑病 Cercospora Leaf Spot of Legumes 47

1.1.21　豆科植物壳多孢叶斑与根腐病 Stagonospora Leaf Spot and Root Rot 49

1.1.22　豆科牧草壳针孢叶斑病 Septoria Leaf Spot of Legumes 50

1.1.23　豆科植物叶肿病 Leaf Swollen of Legumes 51

1.1.24　红豆草灰霉病 Grey Mold of Sainfoin 52

1.1.25　三叶草黄斑病 Curvularia Leaf Spot of Clover 53

1.1.26　三叶草黑斑病 Black Blotch(Sooty Blotch)of Clover 54

1.1.27　沙打旺红茎病 Red Stem of Shadawang 55

1.1.28　豆科牧草细菌性茎疫病 Bacterial Stem Blight of Legumes 55

1.1.29　苜蓿细菌性叶斑病 Bacterial Leaf Spot of Alfalfa 56

1.1.30　豆科牧草花叶病 Mosaic of Legumes 57

1.1.31　苜蓿丛枝病 Witches'Broom of Alfalfa 58

1.1.32 苜蓿菟丝子 Dodder of Alfalfa 59

1.2 豆科植物害虫 60

1.2.1 苜蓿蚜 Aphis medicaginis Koch 62

1.2.2 甘草黑蚜 Aphis atrata Zhang 63

1.2.3 大豆蚜 Aphis glycines Matsumura 64

1.2.4 黄曲条跳甲 Phyllotreta vittata(Fabricius) 66

1.2.5 黄狭条跳甲 Phyllotreta vittula Redtenbacher 68

1.2.6 甘草萤叶甲 Diorhabda tarsalis Weise 68

1.2.7 草原叶甲 Geina invenusta Jacobson 69

1.2.8 花背短柱叶甲 Pachybrachys scriptidorsum Marseul 70

1.2.9 芫菁类 71

1.2.10 苜蓿夜蛾 Heliothis viriplaca Hufnagel 73

1.2.11 盲蝽类 74

1.2.12 蓟马类 76

1.2.13 苜蓿籽蜂 Bruchophagus gibbus Boheman 78

1.2.14 籽象甲类 80

1.2.15 条纹根瘤象甲 Sitona liheatus Linnaeus 81

1.2.16 锦鸡儿织蛾 Cheimophila sp 82

1.2.17 柠条豆象 Kytorhinus immixtus Motschulsky 84

1.2.18 豆荚螟 Etiella zinckenella 85

1.2.20 沙打旺小食心虫 Crapholita shadawaha Liu Etchen 86

1.2.19 沙打旺黑潜叶蝇 Melanagromyza adsurgenis 86

1.2.21 沙打旺籽蜂 Brushopa gusgibbus Boheman 87

1.2.22 沙打旺金小蜂 Bruchophaga sp 87

1.2.23 苦豆夜蛾 Apopestes spectrum Esper 87

1.2.24 大青叶蝉 Cicadella viridis Linnaeus 88

1.2.25 柠条坚英斑螟 Asclerobia sinensis(Carabja) 89

1.2.26 豆天蛾 Clanis bilineata Walker 90

1.2.27 仿爱夜蛾 Apopestes spectrum Esper 91

1.2.28 敦煌叶螨 Tetranychus dunhuangensi Wang 92

1.2.29 甘草豆象 Bruchidius ptilinoides Faharaeus 93

1.2.30 豌豆潜叶蝇 Phytomyza utricornis Meigen 93

2.1.1 禾草锈病类 Rusts of Grasses 96

第二章 草地禾本科植物病虫害 96

2.1 禾本科植物病害 Diseases of Grasses 96

2.1.2 禾草黑粉病 Smuts of Grasses 107

2.1.3 禾草白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Grasses 120

2.1.4 禾草麦角病 Ergot 121

2.1.5 禾草黑痣病 Tar Spot of Grasses 123

2.1.6 禾草香柱病 Choke of Grasses 124

2.1.7 全蚀病 Take-all Patch 125

2.1.8 禾草赤霉病 Scab of Grasses 126

2.1.9 禾草纹枯病（丝核菌褐斑病） Rhizoctonia Diseases(Brown Patch)of Grasses 128

2.1.10 禾草霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Grasses 130

2.1.11 禾草离孢根腐与叶斑病 Bipolaris Root Rot and Leaf Spot of Grasses 131

2.1.12 德斯霉叶斑、叶枯及根腐病 Drechslera Leaf Spot,Leaf Blight and Root Rot of Grasses 133

2.1.13 禾草镰孢根腐病 Fusarium Root Rot of Grasses 137

2.1.14 禾草炭疽病 Anthracnose of Grasses 139

2.1.15 禾草云纹病 Scald(Leaf Blotch)of Grasses 140

2.1.16 梨孢叶斑病（瘟病） Gray Leaf Spot(Blast) 141

2.1.17 叶点霉叶斑病 Phyllosticta Leaf Spot 142

2.1.18 壳二孢叶斑病 Ascochyta Leaf Spot 143

2.1.19 壳针孢叶斑病 Septoria Leaf Spot 143

2.1.20 禾草晕斑病（或角斑病） Halo Spot(Angular Leaf Spot)of Grasses 145

2.1.21 壳多孢叶斑与颈枯病 Staganospora Leaf Spots and Neckspot 146

2.1.22 禾草褐条斑病 Brown Stripe of Grasses 147

2.1.23 鞭毛孢叶斑病 Mastigosporium Leaf Spot 148

2.1.24 苏丹草大斑病 Leaf Blotch of Sudangrass 148

2.1.25 禾草卷曲病 Twist of Grasses 149

2.1.27 赖草褐斑病 Brown Spot of Leymus 150

2.1.26 禾草弯孢叶斑病 Curvularia Leaf Spot of Grasses 150

2.1.28 禾草细菌性叶斑病 Bacterial Leaf Spot(Black chaff)of Grasses 151

2.1.29 禾草粒线虫病 Grass-seed Nematode 152

2.1.30 禾草病毒病 Viral Diseases of Grasses 153

2.1.31 无芒雀麦穗肿病 Swollen Ear Disease of Brome 155

2.2 草地禾本科植物虫害 156

2.2.1 秆蝇类 157

2.2.2 麦穗夜蛾 Apamea sordens(Hufnagel) 159

2.2.3 草地粘虫 Mythimna separta(Walker) 160

2.2.4 柳苗跳甲 Altica weisei Jacobson 162

2.2.5 玉米螟 Ostrinia nubilalis(Hubner) 163

2.2.6 针茅狭跗线螨 Steneotarson emus stipa Lin and Liu,sp.nov 165

3.1.1 蒿属植物锈病 Rust of Mugwort 167

第三章 草地菊科植物病虫害 167

3.1 草地菊科植物病害 Diseases of Compositae(=Asteraceae) 167

3.1.2 蒿属植物白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Mugwort 169

3.1.3 蒿属植物霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Mugwort 170

3.1.4 蒿属植物尾孢叶斑病 Cercospora Leaf Spot of Mugwort 170

3.1.5 野艾蒿斑枯病 Septoria Leaf Spot of Mugwort 171

3.1.6 紫菀属的锈病 Rust of Aster 171

3.1.7 蓟属白锈病 White Blister of Thistles(Cirsium) 171

3.1.8 蓟属植物锈病 Rust of Thistles(Cirsium) 171

3.1.11 蓟斑枯病 Septoria Leaf Spot of Thistles 174

3.1.13 苦荬菜和莴苣霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Ixeris and Lettuce 174

3.1.12 旋复花（Inula）斑枯病 Septoria Leaf Spot of Inula 174

3.1.10 蓟属叶点病 Phyllosticta Leaf Spot of Thistles 174

3.1.9 蓟灰斑病 Cercospora Leaf Spot of Thistles 174

3.1.14 苦荬菜和莴苣属的白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Ixeris and Lettuce 175

3.1.15 苦荬菜属和莴苣属锈病 Rust of Ixeris and Lettuce 175

3.1.16 苦荬菜属和莴苣属菌核病 Sclerotinia Disease of Ixeris and Lettuce 176

3.1.17 苦荬菜属和莴苣菜属的尾孢叶斑病 Cercospora Leaf Spot of Ixeris and Lettuce 177

3.1.18 苦荬菜属和莴苣属的斑枯病 Septoria Leaf Spot of Ixeris and Lettuce 178

3.1.19 麻花头属的真菌病害 Fungi Diseases of Saw-wort(Sarratula) 178

3.1.20 苦苣菜霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Sow-thistles(Sonchus) 178

3.1.21 苦苣菜白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Sow-thistles 178

3.1.22 苦苣菜锈病 Rust of Sow-thistles 178

3.1.25 苦苣菜的其他病原真菌 Other Fungi of Sow-thistles 179

3.1.26 蒲公英锈病 Rust of Dandelions(Taraxacum) 179

3.1.23 苦苣菜白霉病 White Mildew of Sow-thistles 179

3.1.24 苦苣菜斑枯病 Septoris Leaf Spot of Sow-thistles 179

3.1.27 蒲公英叶瘤病 Leaf Swelling of Dandelions 181

3.1.28 蒲公英属植物的其他病害 Other Diseases of Dandelions 181

3.2 草地菊科植物害虫 182

3.2.1 沙蒿金叶甲 Chrysolina aerugirosa(Falder.) 183

3.2.2 菊旌蚧 Orthezia urticae(Linnaeus) 184

3.2.3 沙蒿大粒象 Adosopius sp 185

3.2.4 沙蒿线角蠹蛾 Holcocerus artemisiae Chou et Hua 186

3.2.5 沙蒿蛀茎蛾 188

3.2.6 沙蒿圆吉丁虫 Sphenoptera sp 188

3.2.7 波氏东鳖甲 Anatolica potanini Reitter 189

3.2.8 尖腹东鳖甲 Anatolica mucronata Reitter 190

3.2.10 阿小鳖甲 Microdera kraatzi alashanica Skopin 191

3.2.9 纳氏东鳖甲 Anatolica nuteri Schuster et Reymond 191

3.2.11 毛足宽漠甲 Sternoplax setosa setosa(F.Bates) 192

3.2.12 突角漠甲 Trigonocnera pseudopimelia pseudopimelia(Reitter) 192

3.2.13 卵圆琵甲 Blaps kiritshenkei Semenow et Bogatshev 193

3.2.14 长爪方土甲 Myladina unguiculina Reitter 193

3.2.15 波氏真土甲 Eumylada potanini Reitte 194

3.2.16 棕色背毛甲 Epitrichia fucus Ren et Zheng 194

第四章 草地藜科植物病害 196

4.1 草地藜科植物病害 Diseases of Chenopodiaceae 196

4.1.1 滨藜霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Oraches(Atriplex) 196

4.1.2 滨藜白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Oraches 196

4.1.3 滨藜尾孢叶斑病（灰斑病） Cercospora Leaf Spot of Oraches 196

4.1.4 驼绒藜锈病 Rust of Ceratoides(Eurotiae) 196

4.1.6 藜霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Goosefoot(All-seed,Fat han,Good king Henry) 197

4.1.5 驼绒藜白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Ceratoides 197

4.1.7 藜褐斑病 Cercospora Leaf Spot of Goosefoot 198

4.1.8 藜属植物的其他病害 Other Diseases of Goosefoot 198

4.1.9 梭梭锈病 Rust of Saxoul(Haloxylon) 198

4.1.10 梭梭白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Saxoul(Haloxylon) 199

4.1.11 梭梭枝枯病 Branch-rot of Saxoul 199

4.1.12 地肤霜霉病 Downy Mildew of Kochia 200

4.1.13 地肤白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Kochia 200

4.1.14 猪毛菜白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Salsola 200

4.1.15 猪毛菜锈病 Rust of Salsola 200

4.1.16 硷蓬锈病 Rust of Suaeda(Seablite) 200

4.1.17 硷蓬的其他病害 Other Diseases of Suaeda(Seablite) 201

5.1.2 木蓼锈病 Rust of Atraphaxis 202

5.1.3 沙拐枣白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Calligonum 202

5.1 蓼科植物病害 Diseases of Polygonaceae 202

5.1.1 木蓼白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Atraphaxis 202

第五章 草地蓼科植物病害 202

5.1.4 蓼锈病 Rust of Persicaria(Polygonum) 203

5.1.5 蓼白粉病 Powdery Mildew of Persicaria 205

5.1.6 蓼黑粉病 Smut of Persicaria 205

第六章 莎草科植物病害 207

6.1 莎草科植物病害 Diseases of Cyperaceae 207

6.1.1 苔草及蒿草锈病 Rust of Sedges and Kobresia 207

6.1.2 苔草和蒿草黑穗病或黑粉病 Smut of Sedges and Kobresia 210

6.1.3 苔草黑点病 Black Spot of Sedges 211

6.1.4 苔草斑枯病 Septoria Leaf Spot of Sedges 212

7.1.1 葱属Allium植物病害 213

第七章 其他科植物病虫害 213

7.1 其他科植物病害 213

7.1.2 草地蔷薇科植物病害 Diseases of Rosaceae 215

7.1.3 苋科植物病害 Diseases of Amaranthaceae 218

7.1.4 鸢尾科鸢尾属Iris植物病害 220

7.2 其他科植物虫害 221

7.2.1 草地蝗虫及其防治 222

7.2.2 地下害虫及其防治 231

7.2.3 草原毛虫 Gynaephora alpherakii Grum-Grzhimailo 240

7.2.4 草地螟 Loxostege sticticalis Linnaeus 242

7.2.5 白茨毛虫 Leiometopon simyrides Staudinger 244

7.2.6 白茨粗角萤叶甲 Diorhabda rybakowi Weise 245

7.2.7 光背漠甲 Stemoplax sp 246

7.2.8 皱纹琵琶甲 Blaps rugolosa Gebler 247

7.2.9 漠刺甲 Platynosceles sp 248

7.2.10 刺槐种子小蜂 Bruchophogus philorobinae Sphov 248

7.2.11 大灰象 Sympiezomias velatus Chevr 249

7.2.12 褐足角胸叶甲 Basilepta fulvipes(Motschulsky) 250

7.2.13 徐长卿夜蛾 Dichromia sagitta Fabricius(=D.orosia Cramer) 251

7.2.14 萝摩叶甲 Chrysochus asclepiadeus(Pallas) 252

7.2.15 柳叶甲 Plagiodera versicolora Laichart 253

7.2.16 红柳棒角萤叶甲 Diorhabda elongata desertieoea Chen 254

7.2.17 柽柳木虱 256

7.2.18 柽柳卷叶蛾 Leaf tier 257

参考文献 259

病虫害英文、拉丁名索引 264