Elements of BiophysicsPDF电子书下载

1．QUANTITATION 13

Fundamental Physical Quantities 13

Derived Quantities 15

Dimensional Analysis 17

Scalar and Vector Quantities 19

2．MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS 22

Time Derivative 22

Integrals 28

Logarithm to the Base Ten 33

Exponential Expressions 38

Time Series 52

3．MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 62

Indirect Measurements 62

Error，Accuracy，and Precision 73

Instrumentation 74

Feedback Systems 90

4．STATISTICS 96

Probability 96

Normal Frequency Distribution 98

Student＇s t Distribution 114

Chi-Square Distribution 123

Poisson Distribution 128

Interrelationships Between Sets of Data 129

5．MECHANICS 132

Forces 133

Work and Energy 144

Oscillatory Motion 151

Muscle 154

6．KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY 157

Heat and Temperature 158

Temperature Control in the Body 165

The Gas Laws 169

Solution Kinetics 174

7．ACOUSTICS 182

Physical Characteristics of Sound 182

Some Psychological Characteristics of Sound 187

Auscultation 190

Ultrasonics 192

Biological Effect of High-Intensity Sound and Ultrasonics 194

8．FLUIDS 197

Statics 197

Dynamics 206

9．ELECTRICITY 224

Basic Electrical Quantities 225

Biological Potential Differences 237

Action Potentials 242

Biological Effects of Electric Current 249

10．ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY 254

Electromagnetic Field 254

Electromagnetic Spectrum 257

Geometrical Optics of Vision 260

Color 267

Microscopy 269

11．ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE 272

Nucleus 273

Orbital Electrons 274

12．Ⅹ-RAYS 277

Production of Ⅹ-rays 277

The Ⅹ-ray Tube 281

K Capture 282

Absorption of Ⅹ-rays 282

13．NUCLEAR ENERGY 288

Nuclear Fission 291

Nuclear Fusion 292

Nuclear Radiations 293

14．RADIOACTIVITY QUANTITATION 298

Activity 298

Dosimetry 300

Radiation Detectors 302

15．EFFECTS OF RADIATION 309

Physical and Chemical Changes 309

Biological Effects 311

Exposure 313

16．USE OF RADIOISOTOPES IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 315

Features 315

Some Tracer Uses of Radioisotopes 317

Therapeutic Uses of Radioisotopes 320

INDEX 323