农业生态学 英文PDF电子书下载

Part Ⅰ Theoretical Framework 3

Unit 1 Context of Agroecology 3

Chapter 1 Agriculture and its anthropocentric sciences 3

1.1 What are agriculture,ecology and agroecology？ 3

1.2 Natural ecosystems versus people-centric ecosystems and agroecosystems 11

1.3 "Making money and respecting the environment" 12

1.4 What we produce is determined by what we consume:Rethinking the role of the modern supermarket 13

Literatures cited in this chapter 14

Chapter 2 Agroecology:Science of synthesis of ecology and agriculture 16

2.1 Agroecology:Bridging ecology and agronomy 16

2.2 Agroecology:The ecology of food systems 22

2.3 Global food system:Two case analyses of basic agroecology 26

Literatures cited in this chapter 31

Unit 2 Basic Analysis of Agroecosystems 33

Chapter 3 Agroecosystem and its analysis 33

3.1 What is an agroecosystem？ 33

3.2 The hierarchies of agroecosystems 35

3.3 The properties of agroecosystems 36

3.4 Agroecosystem analysis 39

Literatures cited in this chapter 42

Chapter 4 Energy flow and matter cycle in agroecosystems 43

4.1 Energy flow and matter cycle in a natural ecosystem 43

4.2 Energy flow in agroecosystems 46

4.3 Matter cycle in agroecosystems 47

Literatures cited in this chapter 48

Chapter 5 Agroclimate and agriculture's roles in global climate change 49

5.1 Climate change,global warming and its trends 49

5.2 Agroclimate and climate change related to agriculture 53

5.3 Adaptation and mitigation to the climate change in agriculture 57

Literatures cited in this chapter 58

Chapter 6 Water in agroecosystems 59

6.1 Water resources in the global ecosystem 59

6.2 Water in agroecosystems 61

6.3 Aspects of water management in agroecosystems 64

Literatures cited in this chapter 65

Chapter 7 Cultivated soils and soil organisms 66

7.1 Formation,classification and functions of soils 66

7.2 Soil nutrient cycling 73

7.3 Soil management in agriculture 78

Literatures cited in this chapter 82

Chapter 8 Agrobiodiversity and agroecosystem stability 83

8.1 Biodiversity 83

8.2 Biodiversity in agroecosystems 87

8.3 Regenerating biodiversity in agroecosystems 90

Literatures cited in this chapter 95

Unit 3 Agroecosystematic Processes and Their Anthropocentric Problems 97

Chapter 9 Land preparation 97

9.1 The functions of land preparation 97

9.2 The procedures of land preparation 97

9.3 Tillage system 98

Literatures cited in this chapter 105

Chapter 10 Erosion and soil degradation:"Keep your soil covered" 106

10.1 Soil erosion 106

10.2 Land degradation 114

10.3 Keep your soil covered 117

Literatures cited in this chapter 120

Chapter 11 Resources and wastes in agroecosystems 121

11.1 What are resources and wastes in agroecosystems？ 121

11.2 Animal and plant manures 123

11.3 Compost:Making and using it 126

Literatures cited in this chapter 131

Chapter 12 Natural capital accounting:Ecological footprint and emergy analysis 132

12.1 Ecological footprint(EF):concept and calculation 132

12.2 Emergy analysis 133

12.3 Modified method of natural capital accounting 134

Literatures cited in this chapter 134

Unit 4 Sustainable Production Systems 136

Chapter 13 Domestic livestock systems 136

13.1 Domestication and evolution of agriculture 136

13.2 Animal production and products 140

13.3 Efficiency in animal production 143

Literatures cited in this chapter 145

Chapter 14 Aquaculture systems 146

14.1 Is aquaculture important to world food production？ 146

14.2 The role of aquaculture in human nutrition 147

14.3 The fish species from east to west 148

14.4 Methods and energy efficiency of aquaculture 149

14.5 Sustainable aquaculture systems 150

Literatures cited in this chapter 153

Chapter 15 Cereal-based cropping systems 154

15.1 Why are seeds of cereal so great？ 154

15.2 Cereals for food and feed 156

15.3 Cereal-based cropping systems 158

Literatures cited in this chapter 159

Chapter 16 Vegetable-based production systems 160

16.1 The roles of vegetable in human development 160

16.2 Vegetable production:Global and regional 162

16.3 Scientific aspects of vegetable 162

Literatures cited in this chapter 166

Chapter 17 Sheltered plant production for food and enjoyment 167

17.1 Sheltered plant production:principle and services 167

17.2 Sheltered plant production in Canada 168

Chapter 18 Environmental innovations in the"green"industry 172

18.1 The concept of environmental horticulture 172

18.2 The environmental benefits of plants 173

18.3 Designing an environmental horticulture 174

18.4 Green industry 176

Literatures cited in this chapter 177

Unit 5 Agroecosystem Management:Issues,Problems and Solutions 178

Chapter 19 Agroecosystem health and services:Ecology and economics 178

19.1 Ecosystem services,health and management 178

19.2 Agroecosystem services,health and management 187

Literatures cited in this chapter 190

Chapter 20 A framework for enquiry into agroecosystem management 191

20.1 Farm management systems:Goals and units 191

20.2 Farm systems analysis:Economic and political perspectives 193

20.3 An agro-ecological framework for Integrated Farm Management(IFaM) 196

Literatures cited in this chapter 199

Chapter 21 Animal welfare:A good life for animals 200

21.1 Animal welfare:Concept and principles 200

21.2 Animal welfare:Observations and research 202

Literatures cited in this chapter 206

Chapter 22 Integrated Pest Management(IPM):Case studies 207

22.1 Understanding pests and pest control 207

22.2 Integrated pest management:a strategy of alternatives 210

22.3 Integrated pest management procedures 212

22.4 Case studies in IPM 214

Literatures cited in this chapter 218

Chapter 23 Trends in organic production 219

23.1 Definition,origins and demands of organic agriculture 219

23.2 Approaches to organic agriculture 222

23.3 Organic food regulations 223

Literatures cited in this chapter 225

Chapter 24 Genetically modified crops and their implications 227

24. 1 What is a genetically modified crop？ 227

24. 2 GMO technology 228

24. 3 Advantages of GM crops 230

24. 4 Risks associated with GM crops 231

24. 5 GMO debates 233

Literatures cited in this chapter 234

Part Ⅱ Practical Teaching 237

Practice 1 Supermarket survey 237

Practice 2 Economic plant tour on campus 240

Practice 3 Composting 243

Lab 1 Vegetables:Classification and anatomy 249

Lab 2 Soil profile and texture 255

Lab 3 Seed germination and seedling morphology 258

Course training on agroecology learning style 260