知识产权法 专利、商标和版权 第2版PDF电子书下载

Introduction 1

PART Ⅰ．PATENTS 5

Chapter 1．The Foundations of Patent Protection 5

1.1 Origins and Development of United States Patent Law 5

1.2 Patent Basics 10

1.3 The Two Theories of Patent Protection 15

Chapter 2．The Subject Matter of Patents 20

2.1 Ideas v.Applications 20

2.2 The Statutory Scheme 21

2.3 Processes as Subject Matter Apart From Products 25

2.4 The Boundaries of the Three Product Categories 28

2.5 Compositions of Matter 29

2.6 Manufacture 30

2.7 Machines 31

2.8 Computer-Related Patents 32

2.9 Orphan Drug Act 36

Chapter 2．The Subject Matter of Patents—Continued 37

2.10 Plant and Design Patents 37

Chapter 3．Patentability—Novelty and Statutory Bar 40

3.1 Overview 40

3.2 Foreign Anticipation 44

3.3 Domestic Anticipation 45

3.4 References to Prior Publications 47

3.5 Substantial and Realized Anticipation 50

3.6 Statutory Bar 52

3.7 The Policies of Statutory Bar 55

3.8 Publicity and Limited Disclosures 56

3.9 Competing Claims to Novelty by Two or More Inventors—Priority 60

Chapter 4．Patentability-Utility 67

4.1 Qualitative Utility 67

4.2 Presumed Utility 68

Chapter 5．Patentability-Non-Obviousness 71

5.1 Overview 71

5.2 Invention and Nonobviousness 75

5.3 Negative Rules of Invention 78

5.4 The Statutory Test 82

5.5 Nonobviousness and Novelty 86

Chapter 5．Patentability-Non-Obviousness—Continued 88

5.6 The Secondary Considerations 88

5.7 The Importation of Section 102 Prior Art into Section 103 92

Chapter 6．Double-Patenting 96

6.1 Attempts to Extend the Patent Monopoly 96

6.2 Terminal Disclaimer 98

Chapter 7．The Patenting Process 100

7.1 Overview 100

7.2 The Patentee 101

7.3 Joint Invention 102

7.4 Prosecuting a Patent Application 104

7.5 The Specifications and Claims 107

7.6 The Limits of Agency Discretion 111

7.7 Claims Drafting 113

7.8 The Duty of Candor 115

7.9 Reissue and Re-examination 120

7.10 Judicial Review 122

Chapter 8．Infringement 125

8.1 Overview 125

8.2 File Wrapper Estoppel 125

8.3 Claim Interpretation—Differentiation,Literality,and Equivalence 127

8.4 The Patent Rights 129

Chapter 8．Infringement—Continued 130

8.5 Direct,Indirect,and Contributory Infringement 130

8.6 Repair and Reconstruction 136

8.7 Infringement Defenses—Misuse 138

Chapter 9．Remedies 142

9.1 Overview 142

9.2 Injunctive Relief 142

9.3 Damages 143

9.4 Attorneys' Fees 144

Chapter 10．Patent Law and the Intersection of State and Federal Regulation 145

10.1 Overview 145

PART Ⅱ．TRADEMARKS 147

Chapter 11．The Foundations of Trademark Protection 147

11.1 Origins and Development of Trademark Law 147

11.2 Common Law Trademark 150

11.3 Federal Registration 153

Chapter 12．Distinctiveness 157

12.1 Overview 157

12.2 Different Markets 158

12.3 Prior Use 160

12.4 Secondery Meaning and Descriptiveness 164

Chapter 12．Distinctiveness—Continued 172

12.5 The Bars Against Geographic Marks,Immoral Marks,and Surnames 172

12.6 The Supplemental Register 179

Chapter 13．Dilution and the Expansion of Trademark Doctrine 181

13.1 Overview 181

13.2 Trademarks and Goodwill 182

13.3 Likelihood of Expansion 185

13.4 The Interests Protected 189

13.5 State Anti-dilution Statutes 192

Chapter 14．Loss of Trademark Protection and Partial Protection 194

14.1 Partial Rights 194

14.2 The Rights of a Senior Registrant Against a Pre-registration User 197

14.3 The Rights of a Junior Registrant Against a Pre-registration User 199

14.4 Concurrent Registration 201

14.5 Abandonment 205

14.6 Incontestability 210

Chapter 15．Trademark Practice 217

15.1 Overview 217

15.2 First Use in Commerce 221

15.3 Standing 231

Chapter 16．Subject Matter 233

16.1 Overview 233

16.2 Certification Marks 234

16.3 Collective Marks 238

16.4 Service Marks 240

16.5 Primary Purpose 242

16.6 The Functional Bar 245

16.7 Color 249

16.8 Section 43(a) 251

Chapter 17．Infringement 256

17.1 Overview 256

17.2 Similarity of Marks 258

17.3 Similarity of Goods or Services 260

17.4 Character and Similarity of Markets 263

17.5 Subsidiary Evidence of Likelihood of Confusion 268

17.6 Defenses—Fair and Collateral Use 271

17.7 Gray Market Goods 273

Chapter 18．Remedies 276

18.1 Overview 276

18.2 Injunctive Relief 276

18.3 Accounting 277

18.4 Damages 279

18.5 Attorneys' Fees 279

PART Ⅲ．COPYRIGHT 281

Chapter 19．Foundations of Copyright Protection 281

19.1 Origins and Development of Copyright Law 281

19.2 The Copyright Acts 284

19.3 The Common Law-Statutory Copyright Distinction and the 1976 Act 286

19.4 Copyright Basics 288

Chapter 20．The Subject Matter of Copyright 291

20.1 Originality 291

20.2 Copyrightable Works 297

20.3 Noncopyrightable Works 303

20.4 Writings and Fixation 305

20.5 Computer Programs 308

20.6 Semiconductor Chip Protection Act 312

20.7 Sound Recordings 313

20.8 Copyright Formalities—Registration and Notice 319

Chapter 21．Exclusive Rights 321

21.1 Introduction 321

21.2 Reproduction 321

21.3 Derivative Works 323

21.4 Distribution 324

21.5 Performance 327

Chapter 21．Exclusive Rights—Continued 332

21.6 Display 332

Chapter 22．Infringement 335

22.1 Overview 335

22.2 Proof of Infringement 337

22.3 Infringement of Musical Works 341

22.4 Infringement of Literary Works 344

Chapter 23．Fair Use 349

23.1 Overview 349

23.2 The Dynamics of Fair Use 350

23.3 Purpose and Character of the Use 353

23.4 Nature of the Work 356

23.5 The Proportional Amount and Substance of the Use 358

23.6 The Effect on the Original Author's Economic Market 361

23.7 Parody,Burlesque,and Satire 362

23.8 Fair Use and Free Speech 364

23.9 Photocopying 367

23.10 The Functional-Equivalents Test 368

Chapter 24．Ownership 371

24.1 The Copyright and the Material Object 371

24.2 Multiple Claims to Authorship 372

24.3 The Rights of Co-authors 378

24.4 Duration of Ownership 379

24.5 Termination of Transfers 381

Chapter 24．Ownership—Continued 386

24.6 Works for Hire 386

24.7 Pre-existing Works 389

Chapter 25．Formal Requirements 393

25.1 Registration 393

25.2 Notice 398

Chapter 26．Remedies 403

26.1 Injunctive Relief 403

26.2 Damages and Profits 404

26.3 Impoundment 408

26.4 Criminal Penalties 409

26.5 Attorneys' Fees and Costs 410

Chapter 27．Copyright Laws and the Intersection of State and Federal Regulation 411

27.1 Pre-emption 411

27.2 State Remedies 416

27.3 Other Federal Remedies 420

27.4 Moral Rights and the Berne Convention 422

INDEX 425