A SHORT HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE NEWLY REVISED & ENLARGED EDITIONPDF电子书下载

PREFACE TO THE NEW REVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION 1

REFERENCES 1

PART ONE EARLY AND MEDIEVAL ENGLISH LITERATURE 1

1. The Making of England 1

The Britons 1

The Roman Conquest 1

The English Conquest 2

The Social Condition of the Anglo-Saxons 2

Anglo-Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence 2

2. Beowulf 3

Anglo-Saxon Poetry 3

The Story of Beowulf 3

Analysis of Its Content 4

Features of Beowulf 5

3. Feudal England 5

The Danish Invasion 5

The Norman Conquest 5

The Influence of the Norman Conquest on the English Language 6

Social Feature of the Feudal England 6

The Miseries of the Peasants 7

The Rising of 1381 7

The Content of the Romance 8

The Romance Cycles 8

The Class Nature of the Romance 9

Malory's LeMorte D'Arthur 9

4. Langland 11

Piers the Plowman and Its Author 11

A Picture of Feudal England 11

Artistic Features 15

5. The English Ballads 16

Oral Literature 16

The Ballads 17

The Robin Hood Ballads 17

6. Chaucer 19

Life 19

Chaucer's Literary Career 21

Troilus and Criseyde 21

The Canterbury Tales (13871400) 22

PART TWO THE ENGLISH RENAISSANCE 27

1. Old England in Transition 27

The New Monarchy 27

The Reformation 27

The English Bible 28

The Enclosure Movement 29

The Commercial Expansion 30

The War with Spain 30

The Renaissance and Humanism 30

William Caxton 31

The Beginning of the English Renaissance 32

2. More 32

Life 32

Utopia 33

Utopia , Book One 33

Utopia , Book Two 35

More's Limitations 37

Engels on the Renaissance 37

3. The Flowering of English Literature 38

The Flourishing of Literature 38

Sidney and Raleigh 39

Edmund Spenser 40

John Lyly 43

Francis Bacon 44

4. Drama 46

The Miracle Play 46

The Morality Play 47

The Interlude 47

The Classical Drama 47

The London Theatre 47

The Audience 48

The Playwrights 49

5. Marlowe 50

Life 50

Work 51

Doctor Faustus 52

Social Significance of Marlowe's Plays 54

Marlowe's Literary Achievement 55

6. Shakespeare 55

Life 55

A Chronological List of Shakespeare's Plays 59

Periods of Shakespeare's Dramatic Composition 60

The Great Comedies 67

The Mature Histories 70

The Great Tragedies 80

Hamlet 84

The Later Comedies 89

The Poems 90

Features of Shakespeare's Drama 91

7. Ben Jonson 93

PART THREE THE PERIOD OF THE ENGLISH BOURGEOIS REVOLUTION 97

1. The English Revolution and the Restoration 97

The Weakening of the Tie Between Monarchy and Bourgeoisie 97

The Clashes Between the King and Parliament 97

The Outburst of the English Revolution 98

The Split within the Revolutionary Camp 98

The Bourgeois Dictatorship and the Restoration 98

The Religious Cloak of the English Revolution 99

Literature of the Revolution Period 99

2. Milton 100

Life and Work 100

Paradise Lost 107

Samson Agonistes 110

Brief Summary 111

3. Bunyan 112

Life 112

The Pilgrim's Progress 114

4. Metaphysical Poets and Cavalier Poets 116

John Donne 116

George Herbert 118

Andrew Marvell 118

Henry Vaughan 119

5. Some Prose-Writers 120

Robert Burton 120

Thomas Browne 120

Jeremy Taylor 121

Izaak Walton 121

6. Restoration Literature 122

Restoration Comedy 122

John Dryden 124

PART FOUR THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 126

1. The Enlightenment and Classicism in English Literature 126

The Enlightenment and 18th Century England 126

Classicism 128

2. Addison and Steele 128

Steele and The Tatler 128

Addison and The Spectator 130

3. Pope 134

Life 134

Work 135

Workmanship and Limitation 137

4. Swift 138

Early Life 138

A Tale of a Tub and The Battle of the Books 139

Bickerstaff Almanac (1708) 140

Gulliver's Travels 140

Pamphlets on Ireland 143

Illness and Death 144

Swift's Style 145

5. Defoe and the Rise of the English Novel 146

The Rise of the English Novel 146

Defoe 147

Defoe's Novels 149

Robinson Crusoe 150

6. Richardson 153

7. Fielding 156

Life 156

Fielding as a Playwright 157

Joseph Andrews 159

Jonathan Wild 162

Tom Jones 164

Summary 168

8. Smollett and Sterne 171

Smollett 171

Sterne 174

9. 18th Century Drama and Sheridan 176

18th Century English Drama 176

Sheridan 178

10. Johnson 180

Life 180

Johnson's Dictionary 181

Boswell's Life of Johnson 183

11. Goldsmith 183

Life 183

Work 184

12. Gibbon 189

Life 189

The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire 190

13. Sentimentalism and Pre-Romanticism in Poetry 192

Sentimentalism in English Poetry 192

Pre-Romanticism 193

14. Blake 195

Life 195

Songs of Innocence(1789) and Songs of Experienced (1794) 197

The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1790) 200

Blake's Position in English Literature 201

15. Burns 201

Life 201

The Poetry of Burns 203

Features of Burns' Poetry 208

PART FIVE ROMANTICISM IN ENGLAND 210

l. The Romantic Period 210

2. Wordsworth 212

3. Coleridge and Southey 217

Coleridge 217

Southey 221

4. Byron 222

Life 222

Childe Harold's Pilgrimage 226

Don Juan 228

5. Shelley 232

Life 232

Queen Mab 235

The Revolt of Islam 237

Prometheus Unbound 238

The Masque of Anarchy and Other Political Lyrics 239

Lyrics on Nature and Love 240

A Defence of Poetry 243

6. Keats 244

Life 244

Long Poems 246

Short Poems 250

7. Lamb 253

Life 254

Lamb's Literary Career 255

The Essays of Elia 256

8. Hazlitt and Leigh Hunt 258

Hazlitt 258

Leigh Hunt 262

9. DeQuincey 263

10. Scott 265

Life 265

His Historical Novels 266

Features of Scott's Historical Novels 269

PART SIX ENGLISH CRITICAL REALISM 271

1. The Rise of Critical Realism in England 271

Social Background 271

Chartist Movement and Chartist Literature 272

English Critical Realism 276

2. Dickens 277

Dickens' Novels 280

The First Period (1836—1841) 280

The Second Period (1842—1850) 287

The Third Period (1851—1870) 295

Dickens:Man and Writer 300

3. Thackeray 303

Life and Work 303

Vanity Fair:A Novel Without a Hero 305

4. Some Women Novelists 308

Jane Austen 309

The Bronte Sisters 310

Mrs. Gaskell 314

George Eliot 316

PART SEVEN PROSE-WRITERS AND POETS OF THE MID AND LATE 19TH CENTURY 321

1. Carlyle 321

Thomas Carlyle 321

Sartor Resartus 323

The French Revolution 324

Heroes and Hero-Worship 325

Past and Present 325

Carlyle as a Literary Critic 326

Engels on Carlyle 326

2. Ruskin and Some Other Prose-Writers 327

Ruskin 327

Arnold 331

Macaulay 334

3. Tennyson 336

Tennyson's Life and Career 336

In Memoriam 337

The Idylls of the King 339

4. The Brownings 341

Browning's Early Life and Career 341

Elizabeth Barrett ( Mrs. Browning) 342

Browning's Main Achievement in Poetry 344

Browning's Short Lyrics 345

5. The Rossettis and Swinburne 348

Dante Gabriel Rossetti 348

Christina Georgina Rossetti(1830—1894) 351

Fitzgerald's Rubaiyat 353

Algernon Charles Swinburne 355

6. William Morris 356

Life 357

A Dream of John Ball 359

News from Nowhere 360

7. Literary Trends at the End of the Century 364

Naturalism 364

Neo-Romanticism 365

Aestheticism 367

PART EIGHT TWENTIETH CENTURY ENGLISH LITERATURE 371

1.The New Century:Social and Historical Background 371

2. English Novel of Early 20th Century 372

The Realists 373

Kipling,Bennett and Conrad 374

Henry James 376

Katharine Mansfield 377

3. Hardy 378

Life and Work 378

Tess of the D'Urbervilles 379

Jude the Obscure 380

4. Galsworthy 381

Life and Work 381

The Forsyte Saga 382

5. The Irish Dramatic Movement 384

The Abbey Theatre and Lady Gregory 384

J. M. Synge 385

O'Casey 385

6. Bernard Shaw 386

Life 386

Dramatic Work 388

Mrs. Warren's Profession 389

Major Barbara 391

Heartbreak House 393

7.Some Poets of Early 20th Century 394

8. Modernism in Poetry 396

Imagism 396

W. B. Yeats 396

T. S. Eliot 399

9. The Psychological Fiction 402

D. H. Lawrence 403

The "Stream of Consciousness" School of Novel 405

James Joyce 406

Virginia Woolf 408

10. Robert Tressell:A Working-Class Novelist 411

11. Marxist Literary Criticism 415

Ralph Fox and The Novel and the People 415

Christopher Caudwell 418

Other Marxist Critics 420

PART NINE POETS AND NOVELISTS WHO WROTE BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR 421

1. Social and Historical Background 421

2. W. H. Auden 423

3. Dylan Thomas 430

4. Hugh MacDiarmid 434

5. E. M. Forster 442

6. Evelyn Waugh 445

7. Graham Greene 448

8. Aldous Huxley 451

Point Counter Point 452

Brave New World 452

9. George Orwell 454

10. William Golding 456

11. Doris Lessing 459