英语词义辨析与语法结构点睛PDF电子书下载

一、同义词辨析 1

able/capable 1

abolish/cancel/prohibit 1

about/approximately/around/roughly 2

above/over 2

accept/receive 3

accident/incident/event/occurrence 3

accumulate/collect/gather 4

accuse/charge 5

act/action 6

acquainted with/ familiar with 6

advantage/benefit/interest/profit 6

after/afterward/later/in 7

again and again/over and over 8

ago/before 9

agree to/agree with/agree about/agree on 9

ahead/in front 10

air/look 10

alike/like 11

alive/live 11

all/both 12

all/complete 12

almost/nearly 13

alone/lonely 13

aloud/loudly 14

also/as well/too 14

altogether/all together 15

alteration/change/modification/variation 15

always/often 16

among/between 17

amplify/enlarge/magnify 18

announce/declare/proclaim 18

answer/reply/respond 19

anxious/eager 20

anything but/nothing but 20

anywhere/everywhere 20

apart from/in addition to 21

apear/seem 22

apt/liable/likely 22

as/because/for/since 23

as/when/while 24

as for/as to 25

as soon as/no sooner than 25

as well as/both…and/not only…but also 25

as well/either 26

ascend/climb/mount/scale 26

ashamed/shameful 27

assume/presume 27

assure/ensure/insure 28

aware/conscious 28

await/wait 29

award/reward 30

away/off 30

base/basis/foundation 31

be about to/be going to/shall/will 31

be ill/be sick 32

beat/win 32

become/grow/turn 33

because of/due to/for the sake of 33

before/in front of 33

begin/start 34

believe/believe in 35

below/beneath/under 35

benefit of/good of 35

besides/except 36

beyond question/without question 36

borrow/lend/loan 37

both/each 37

both…and/either…or 38

bound to do sth./sure to do sth 38

broad/wide 38

but for/but that/except that 39

by/by means of 40

call at/call on 40

compare/contrast 40

canal/channel 41

cannot/fail to 41

cause/reason 42

center/middle 42

certain/sure 42

certainly/definitely/really/surely 43

character/characteristic 43

cheat/deceive 44

childish/childlike 44

choose/pick/select 45

cite/quote 45

climate/weather 46

close to/near （to） 46

cloth/clothes/clothing 46

cold/cool 47

common/ordinary 47

comparable/comparative 48

complete/finish 48

compose/constitute/comprise/consist of/make up 49

conflict/contradict 50

consent/promise 50

contain/include 51

content/satisfy 51

continual/continuous/successive 51

continue/carry on with 52

continue to do/keep on doing 52

cope with/deal with 53

cost/take/spend 53

credible/credulous 53

custom/habit/practice 54

daily/every day 54

damage/destroy/ruin/wreck 55

damp/wet/moist 55

dare/venture 56

dark/dim gloomy 57

dead/deadly/deathly/fatal 57

decided/decisive 58

decrease/diminish/lessen/reduce 58

deep/profound 59

defend/guard/protect/safeguard 59

demand/require/request 60

die for/die from/die of 61

different/ various/distinct 61

difficult/uneasy 62

disability/inability 62

disappear/fade/vanish 62

disclose/expose/reveal 63

discover/create/find/invent 64

dismiss/fire/discharge 64

displace/misplace 65

dissatisfied/unsatisfied 65

distrust/mistrust 66

doubt/suspect/uncertain 66

dress/wear/put on 67

drive/ride 67

due to/owing to 68

each/every 68

economic/economical 69

effective/efficient 69

elder/older 69

electric/electrical 70

emergency/crisis 70

emigrant/immigrant 71

employ/hire 71

empty/vacant/blank/bare 71

enough/sufficient 72

entire/whole 73

entry/entrance 73

equipment/instrument/apparatus/appliance 74

especially/specially 75

essential/needful 75

examination/quiz/test 75

except/except for 76

expand/extend 76

expert/proficient/skillful/skilled 77

fail/miss 77

fair/fairly 78

familiar to/familiar with 78

family/home/house 79

fancy/imagination 79

far/a long way 79

farther/further 80

favour/prefer 80

feed on/live on 80

feel about/think of 81

feeling/emotion/passion/sentiment 81

few/a few 82

final/last/ultimate 82

finally/at last/in the end 83

firm/stable/steady 83

first/at first/rstly 84

first-class/first-rate 84

fit/appropriate/proper/suitable 85

for/since 85

forget doing sth…/forget to do sth 86

free/freely 86

frequently/often 87

from first to last/through and through 87

from…through/from…to 87

future/subsequent 88

get/obtain/gain/acqire 88

get in/get into 89

get off/get out of 89

give over/give up 89

gaze/glance/glimpse/glare/starre 90

grip/seize/grasp 91

guest/visitor 91

happen/occur/take place 91

harbor/port 92

harm/hurt/injure/wound 93

healthy/healthful 93

help/aid/assist 94

hence/thus/therefore 94

high/tall 95

historic/historical 95

hold on/hold out 96

holiday/feast/festival/vacation 96

honor/fame/reputation 97

hope/wish 97

idea/opinion/thought 98

identical/same 98

if only/only if 98

ignore/neglect/omit/disregard/overlook 99

ill/sick 100

illegal/unlawful 100

illness/disease/sickness/disorder/trouble 101

illustrate/explain 101

imaginary/imaginative 102

immense/huge/enormous/giant/vast 102

imply/infer 103

in a short time/in a little while 103

in charge of/in（under） the charge of/on the charge of/under the charge of 104

in front of/at（in）the front of 104

incapable/unable 105

individual/person/people 105

inner/inward/inside/interior/internal 105

insist/persist 106

instead of/in place of 107

intelligent/intellectual 107

intent/ intention 108

join/combine/unite/connect/link/associate 108

joumey/travel/trip/tour/voyage/excursion 109

joy/pleasure/delight/enjoyment 110

jump/hop/leap 111

just/fair 111

just as/just like 112

keen/eager/anxious 112

keep doing /keep on doing 112

kill/murder/slaughter 113

know/learn 113

lack/fall short of 114

laden/loaded 114

last/latest 115

late/later 115

lately/recently 115

lawful/legal 116

lay/lie 116

leam/study 117

leave/abandon/desert 117

leave/part 117

lecture/speech/address/talk 118

leisure/spare time 118

lest/in case/so that 119

let/lease/rent 119

ke/love 120

ke/similar to 120

ke doing/like to do 121

kely/probable/possible 122

little/small/tiny/minute/miniature 122

load/burden/weight 123

long before/before long 123

look/see/watch 124

lucky/fortunate 124

machine/machinery 125

mad/crazy/insane 125

made from/made of 126

majority/most/great 126

many/a lot of（lots of）/much/plenty of 127

market/fair 128

maybe/may be 128

means/manner/method/mode/way 129

means of/way of 129

meat/flesh 130

meantime/meanwhile 130

meet/satisfy 130

meeting/assembly/conference/congress/gathering 131

merry/joyful 132

miserable/wretched/dismal/unhappy/sorry 132

mistake/error/blunder/sip/fault 133

much too/too much 134

motion/movement/move 134

must/have to 134

namely/such as 135

necessity/necessary 135

need/want/ask 136

neither of them/none of them 136

never/not always 137

nevertheless/though 137

nowadays/at the present time 137

object/aim/goal/objective/purpose 138

obvious/evident/distinct/apparent/clear/plain 138

occasion/opportunity/chance 139

occupation/business/employment/profession 140

officer/official 141

opposite/in front of 141

order/command/instruction 141

ought to/should 142

over/through（out） 142

overlook/oversee 142

pace/speed/rate/velocity 143

part/some 144

particular/special/peculiar/specific 144

partly/partially 145

people/person 145

percent/percentage 146

permit/promise 146

personal/private 146

place/room 147

play/show 147

pleasant/pleased 147

poem/poetry 148

politician/statesman 148

prepare/prepare for/get ready 149

presently/recently/at present 149

price/cost/charge/expense/fee/value/worth 150

priceless/valueless 151

put off/take off 151

quicker/sooner 152

raise/rise/arise/arouse/rouse 152

rapid/fast/quick/swift 153

rare/scarce 154

raw/crude 155

refuse/reject/decline/repel 155

regrettable/regretful 156

remember/recall/remind 156

replace/substitute 157

request/require 158

respectable/respectful 158

result from/result in 159

retire/retreat 159

ride/get on 160

sad/dejected/depressed 160

safe/secure 160

satisfactory/satisfying/satisfied/contented/content/gratified 161

savings/eamings/profits 162

say/speak/talk/ tell 163

scene/scenery/view/sight 164

scope/range 165

search/seek/hunt/explore 165

seat/sit 166

section/area/region 167

select/choose/pick 167

sell off/sell out/sell up 168

sensible/sensitive 168

sentence/condemn/convict 169

separate/divide/part 169

sequence/series/succession 170

serious/grave 170

set/put/place/lay 171

shade/shadow 171

shake/tremble/shiver/quake 172

shall/will/be going to 173

shout/scream/yell/exclaim 173

since/now （that） 174

sign/symbol/signal/token 175

sob/cry/weep 176

still/cahn/quiet/silent 176

stop/cease/pause 177

sin/crime/guilt/offence 177

skill/technique 178

sleep/sleepy/asleep 178

smash/shatter/break/crush/crack/burst 179

sole/single/only/unique 180

solid/hard/firm 180

some/a certain 181

sometime/sometimes/some time 182

source/resource/origin 182

spend/take （up） 183

stand/tolerate/endure/bear/suffer 183

stare/glare/glance/look/peep/glimpse 184

state/country/nation/land 185

steal/rob/deprive 186

strange/odd/peculiar/queer 186

street/avenue/road/path/lane 187

substance/matter/material/stuff 188

surely/definitely/really 189

surprise/amaze/astonish 189

surroundings/environment/circumstances/atmosphere 190

take/bring/fetch/carry/convey 191

technical/technological 191

tend/intend 192

terror/horror/fear 192

thereby/therefore 193

think about/think of/think over 193

tired/exhausted/weary 194

tired of/tired from/tired out 194

to/toward（s） 195

tolerant/tolerable 195

tone/tune 196

too/all too/only too 196

topic/theme/subject 197

trade/commerce 197

transfer/transform 198

trial/test/experiment 198

try/manage/attempt 199

unless/if not 199

usage/use/application 200

use/employ/apply 200

used to/would 201

varied/various 202

vary/convert/change/alter 202

want/wish/desire 203

wear/put on 204

weak／feeble 204

whatever/what ever 205

without/but for 205

work/job/task 206

worth/worthy/worthwhile/worth（one’ s） while 206

zero/o/naught/nought/nil 207

二、近形词辨析 208

aboard/abroad 208

access/assess 208

acquire/inquire/require 208

adapt/adopt 209

affect/effect 209

alternate/alternative 210

altitude/attitude/latitude/magnitude 210

artificial/artistic 211

attribute/contribute/distribute 211

aural/oral 211

bounce/bound 212

bustle/hustle 212

cite/site/sight 213

compel/propel/repel 213

compensation/complement/compliment 214

competent/competitive 214

conceive/deceive/perceive 214

be concerned about/be concemed with 215

confident/confidential 215

confim/conform 216

conflict/contradict 216

conscience/conscious 216

considerable/considerate 217

contact/contract 217

content/context 218

convict/convince 218

council/counsel 218

crack/crash/crush 219

credible/credulous 219

decent/descent 220

dessert/desert 220

draught/drought 220

exceedingly/excessively 221

formal/normal 221

formerly/formally 221

immoral/immortal 222

implication/application 222

import/export 222

incline/decline 223

industrial/industrious 223

instance/instant 223

instinct/distinct 224

intense/intensive 224

interior/inferior 224

intimate/imitate 225

later/latter 225

launch/lunch 225

legal/league 226

liberal/liberate 226

ghtning/lightening 226

magnificent/significant 227

margin/marine 227

maximum/minimum 227

metal/mental 228

mortal/moral 228

optical/optional 228

pass/past 229

permit/penmission 229

personal/personnel 229

physician/physicist 230

precious/previous 230

practical/practicable 230

precede/proceed/preceding/proceeding 231

principal/principle 231

property/prosperity 232

release/relieve 232

reserve/reverse 232

spectable/respectful/respective 233

social/sociable 233

sore/sole/soul/sour 234

splash/spill/split/spit/spin 234

strap/strip/stripe 235

staff/stiff/stuff 235

statue/status 236

stimulate/simulate 236

succeed/exceed/precede/concede 236

suspect/respect/inspect/aspect 237

sustain/maintain/retain/obtain/attain 237

tasteful/tasty 238

top/tip 238

vacation/vocation 239

wait on/wait for/await 239

三、语法部分 240

1.名词 240

1.1 名词复数的规则变化 240

1.2 其他名词复数的规则变化 240

1.3 名词复数的不规则变化 241

1.4 不可数名词量的表示 243

1.5 定语名词的复数 244

1.6 不同国家的人的单复数 245

1.7 名词的格 245

1.8 名词前置修饰语 246

2.冠词和数词 247

2.1 不定冠词的用法 247

2.2 定冠词的用法 248

2.3 零冠词的用法 250

2.4 冠词位置 252

2.5 数词 253

3.代词 255

3.1 人称代词的用法 255

3.2 人称代词之主、宾格的替换 256

3.3 代词的指代问题 257

3.4 并列人称代词的排列顺序 257

3.5 物主代词 258

3.6 双重所有格 259

3.7 反身代词 259

3.8 相互代词 261

3.9 指示代词 262

3.10 疑问代词 263

3.11 关系代词 265

3.12 不定代词的功能与用法 266

3.13 none， few， some， any， one， ones 268

3.14 代词比较辨异 269

3.15 one/another/the other 270

3.16 “the”的妙用 270

3.17 anyone/any one； no one/none； every/each 270

3.18 both， either， neither， all， any， none 272

3.19 many， much ，a lot（of），lots（of） 273

3.20 few， little， a few， a little 273

4.形容词和副词 274

4.1 形容词及其用法 274

4.2 以-ly结尾的形容词 275

4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体 275

4.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 275

4.5 部分同根形容词的辨义 276

4.6 副词及其基本用法 278

4.7 能强化语义的副词 279

4.8 兼有两种形式的副词 279

4.9 形容词与副词的比较级 281

4.10 as+形容词或副词原级+as 283

4.11 比较级形容词或副词+than 283

4.12 可修饰比较级的词 284

4.13 many， old和far 285

4.14 the+最高级+比较范围 285

4.15 和more有关的词组 286

5.动词 287

5.1 系动词 287

5.2 什么是助动词 289

5.3 助动词be的用法 290

5.4 助动词have的用法 291

5.5 助动词do的用法 292

5.6 助动词shall和will的用法 293

5.7 助动词should和would的用法 294

5.8 短语动词 294

5.9 非谓语动词 295

6.动名词 295

6.1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语 295

6.2 worth的用法 297

7.不定式 297

7.1 不定式作宾语 297

7.2 不定式作补语 299

7.3 不定式作主语 301

7.4 It’sfor sb…和It’s of sb 302

7.5 不定式作表语 303

7.6 不定式作定语 303

7.7 不定式作状语 303

7.8 用作介词的to 303

7.9 省to的动词不定式 304

7.10 动词不定式的否定式 305

7.11 不定式的特殊句型 306

7.12 不定式的时态和语态 308

7.13 动名词与不定式 308

8.分词 314

8.1 分词作定语 314

8.2 分词作状语 315

8.3 连词+分词（短语） 316

8.4 分词作补语 316

8.5 分词作表语 317

8.6 分词作插入语 317

8.7 分词的时态 317

8.8 分词的语态 318

9.独立主格 319

10.介词 321

10.1 某些同义介词的用法辨异 321

10.2 作时间状语的名词短语 325

11.动词的时态 325

11.1 一般现在时的用法 325

11.2 一般过去时的用法 326

11.3 used to/be used to 328

11.4 一般将来时 328

11.5 be going to/will 329

11.6 be to和be going to 329

11.7 一般现在时表将来 329

11.8 用现在进行时表示将来 330

11.9 现在完成时 330

11.10 比较过去时与现在完成时 330

11.11 用于现在完成时的句型 332

11.12 比较since和for 333

11.13 since的四种用法 334

11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词 334

11.15 过去完成时 335

11.16 用一般过去时代替完成时 336

11.17 将来完成时 336

11.18 现在进行时 337

11.19 不用进行时的动词 338

11.20 过去进行时 338

11.21 将来进行时 339

11.22 一般现在时代替将来时 340

11.23 一般现在时代替过去时 340

11.24 一般现在时代替完成时 341

11.25 一般现在时代替进行时 341

11.26 现在进行时代替将来时 341

11.27 时态一致 341

11.28 时态与时间状语 342

12.动词的语态 342

12.1 let的用法 342

12.2 短语动词的被动语态 342

12.3 表示“据说”或“相信”的词组 343

12.4 不用被动语态的情况 343

12.5 主动形式表示被动意义 344

12.6 被动形式表示主动意义 345

12.7 need/want/require/worth 345

13.句子的种类 346

13.1 祈使句结构 346

13.2 感叹句结构 347

13.3 强调句结构 348

13.4 用助动词进行强调 349

13.5 反意疑问句 349

14.倒装 352

14.1 倒装句之全部倒装 352

14.2 倒装句之部分倒装 353

14.3 以否定词开头作部分倒装 354

14.4 so， neither， nor作部分倒装 355

14.5 only在句首要倒装的情况 355

14.6 as， though引导的倒装句 355

14.7 其他部分倒装 356

15.主谓一致 356

15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 356

15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 357

15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 357

15.4 谓语需用单数 357

15.5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 358

15.6 与后接名词或代词保持一致 359

16.虚拟语气 359

16.1 真实条件句 359

16.2 非真实条件句 360

16.3 混合条件句 361

16.4 虚拟条件句的倒装 361

16.5 特殊的虚拟语气词：should 362

16.6 wish的用法 363

16.7 比较if only与only if 364

16.8 It is （high） time that 364

16.9 need：“不必做”和“本不该做” 364

17.名词性从句 365

17.1 引导名词性从句的连接词 365

17.2 名词性that-从句 366

17.3 名词性wh-从句 367

17.4 if， whether引导的名词从句 368

17.5 否定转移 369

18.定语从句 370

18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 370

18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 371

18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 372

18.4 限制性和非限制性定语从句 373

18.5 介词+关系词 374

18.6 as， which非限定性定语从句 375

18.7 先行词和关系词二合一 376

18.8 what/whatever； that/what； who/whoever 376

18.9 关系代词that的用法 377

19.状语从句 377

19.1 地点状语从句 377

19.2 方式状语从句 378

19.3 原因状语从句 379

19.4 目的状语从句 379

19.5 结果状语从句 380

19.6 条件状语从句 380

19.7 让步状语从句 381

19.8 比较while， when， as 383

19.9 比较until和till 383

19.10 表示“一…就…”的结构 384

20.连词 385

20.1 并列连词与并列结构 385

20.2 比较and和or 386

20.3 表示选择的并列结构 386

20.4 表示转折或对比 387

20.5 表原因关系 387

21.情态动词 388

21.1 情态动词的语法特征 388

21.2 比较can和be able to 388

21.3 比较may和might 389

21.4 比较have to和must 389

21.5 must表示推测 390

21.6 表示推测的用法 391

21.7 情态动词+have+过去分词 392

21.8 should和ought to 393

21.9 had better表示“最好” 393

21.10 would rather表示“宁愿” 393

21.11 will和would 394

21.12 情态动词的回答方式 394

21.13 带to的情态动词 395

21.14 比较need和dare 396

21.15 半助动词 396