PRISON CROWDING A PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVEPDF电子书下载

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Chapter 2 Effects of Crowding in General 7

Crowding Studies with Animals 8

Correlational Studies with Humans 9

Experimental Studies with Humans 11

Field Studies 12

Chapter 3 Prison Crowding Research 14

Archival Studies of Overall Prison Crowding 14

Direct Assessments of Inmates in Different Types of Housing 19

Effects of Changes in Housing 20

Summary and Evaluation 21

Chapter 4 Prison Housing 23

Early Studies 23

Research Procedures 26

Texarkana—Singles, Doubles, and Dorms 28

El Reno—Singles, Doubles, and Cubicles 31

Danbury—Singles, Cubicles, and Dorms 33

Atlanta—Multiple-Occupant Cells 34

Overall Analyses of Housing Type 35

Time in Housing 37

Jail Studies 38

Summary 39

Chapter 5 Crowding and Health 41

Illness 41

Urine Chemistry Correlates of Stress and Housing 45

Archival Data on Health and Maladaptive Behavior 46

Changes in Population 48

Summary 52

Chapter 6 Background and Experiential Factors 55

Background Factors 57

Criminal History 59

Length of Confinement 60

Summary 61

Tolerance for Prison Crowding 63

Conclusions 67

Chapter 7 Gender and Racial/Ethnic Differences 69

Gender Effects 69

Racial Effects 71

Ethnic Differences 73

Summary 76

Chapter 8 Theoretical Implications 77

Theoretical Analyses of Crowding 77

Evidential Support for the Social Interaction-Demand Model 79

The Special Case of Violence 84

Divergent Views 86

Chapter 9 Practical Implications and Future Directions 89

Major Findings 89

Practical Implications 90

Future Directions 91

Appendix 97

References 101

Author Index 109

Subject Index 113