THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAWPDF电子书下载

PART 1 THE AGE OF THE PRINCE 4

I. INTRODUCTION: THE WORLD BY LAND 4

THE RIGHT TO WAGE WAR 4

STATE SOVEREIGNTY 7

THE FAMILY OF NATIONS 11

COMMUNITIES IN REVOLT 14

EXPELLED AND HERETICAL RULERS 18

INFIDELS 20

THE HANSEATIC LEAGUE 24

ELECTIVE MONARCHIES 26

QUESTIONS OF PRECEDENCE AND DIGNITY 28

TITLES 32

LANGUAGE 35

NOTES TO CHAPTER I 35

Ⅱ. THE WORLD BY SEA 40

DOMINIUM MARIS 40

PRESENT LIMIT OF TERRITORIAL WATERS 53

NOTES TO CHAPTER II 59

Ⅲ. INTERCOURSE: IN PEACE 61

EQUILIBRIUM 61

INTERVENTION 69

DIPLOMATIC INTERCOURSE 73

Officials 73

Classes of Diplomatic Agents 82

Consuls 83

The Practice of Legation 85

Diplomatic Privileges 88

International Negotiation 94

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅲ 105

Ⅳ. INTERCOURSE: IN WAR 107

BELLUM JUSTUM 107

RIGHTS OF A JUST BELLIGERENT 119

METHODS OF WAR 121

MILITARY SERVICES, Ⅰ 124

ARMIES 124

CONTRIBUTIONS AND REQUISITIONS 143

FORCED WORK BY CIVILIANS 148

TREATMENT OF THE WOUNDED 149

MILITARY SERVICES, Ⅱ 152

NAVIES 152

LEVIES AND SUBSIDIES FROM NEUTRAL POWERS 162

MILITARY SERVICES, Ⅲ 168

AIR FORCES 168

REPRISALS AS A MEASURE OF REDRESS SHORT OFWAR 173

Reprisals under Letters of Marque and Reprisal 173

Obsolescence of Reprisals under Letters of Marque and Reprisal 177

Modern Reprisals 179

Reprisals and the League of Nations 182

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅳ 185

PART Ⅱ THE AGE OF THE JUDGE 193

Ⅴ. TEMPERAMENTA 193

INTRODUCTION 193

DECLARATION OF WAR 194

ENEMY INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR PROPERTY IN WARTIME 196

DROIT DAUBAINE 198

THE RIGHT OF INDIVIDUALS To EMIGRATE 201

THE FREEDOM OF COAST FISHERIES 203

THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR 204

NOTES TO CHAPTER V 209

Ⅵ. THE WORLD OF COMMERCE 211

THE COMMERCIAL COMITY OF NATIONS 211

THE OLD COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS 219

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅵ 226

Ⅶ. NEUTRALITY 229

THF MARITIME POSITION 229

THE RIGHT OF PASSAGE 234

PORTS, HARBOURS, AND TERRITORIAL WATERS 241

NOTES TO CHAPTER VII 247

Ⅷ. THE EQUALITY OF STATES 248

THE EQUALITY OF STATES 248

ASSERTION of EQUALITY OF RIGHT BETWEEN NEUTRAL AND BELLIGERENT 261

NOTES TO CHAPTER VIII 267

Ⅸ. MARITIME THEORY AND PRACTICE 268

CAPTURE AT SEA 268

TREATMENT OF PRIZE 278

SAFE-CONDUCT IN SPECIAL CASES 281

CONTRABAND OF WAR 281

TRAFFIC IN ARMS 291

BLOCKADE 296

THE EVILS AND ABOLITION OF PRIVATEERING 308

THE BRITISH PRIZE COURT 311

Atmosphere of the British Prize Court 318

The Conception of Enemy Character 320

Trading with the Enemy 324

Presumption of Enemy Character 325

COLONIAL TRADE AND THE RULE OF THE WAR OF 1756 325

Port-to-Port Trade on a Belligerent Coast 329

NOTES TO CHAPTER IX 330

Ⅹ. CHANGES OF NATIONALITY 333

MASS CHANGE, THE PLEBISCITE 333

THE OPTION OF INDIVIDUALS 340

NOTES TO CHAPTER X 345

PART Ⅲ THE AGE OF THE CONCERT 349

Ⅺ. AN EXPERIMENT IN MECHANISM 349

THE EUROPEAN AREOPAGUS : INTRODUCTION 349

LEGISLATION AT VIENNA, INTERNATIONAL RIVERS,THE SLAVE TRADE 353

THE CONFERENCE OF THE AMBASSADORS, LONDON AND FRANKFORT CONFERENCES 356

xiv THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 359

Am-LA-CHAPELLE 359

TROPPAU AND LAIBACH 365

VERONA 368

THE ABANDONMENT OF THE CONGRESS SYSTEM 370

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅺ 377

Ⅻ.THE AMERICAS 378

THE TWO HEMISPHERES 378

PAN-AMERICANISM 387

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅻ 390

ⅩⅢ.ARBITRATION 392

THE PRACTICE OF ARBITRATION 392

NOTES To CHAPTER ⅩⅢ 409

ⅩⅣ.DISARMAMENT 411

LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS 411

HUMANITARIAN RESTRICTION OF ARMS 420

NOTES TO CHAPTER XIV 425

ⅩⅤ.THE CONCERT IN POLITICAL ACTION 427

THE GREAT POWERS, GREECE AND BELGIUM 427

THE GREAT POWERS AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE 437

THE GREAT POWERS AND THE CRIMEAN WAR 442

THE PROPOSED ITALIAN CONFERENCE OF 1859 451

THE POWERS AND THE LEBANON 454

THE PROPOSED POLISH CONGRESS OF 1863 454

THE SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN CONFERENCE OF 1864 456

THE PROPOSED CONFERENCE OF 1866 AND THE CON-FER ENCES OF LONDON IN 1867 AND 1871 459

THE CONFERENCE AT CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1876-1877 463

THE CONGRESS OF BERLIN 465

The Powers and the Execution of the CongressDecisions 469

THE CONSTANTINOPLE CONFERENCE ON EGYPT IN 1882 470

THE PROPOSED CONFERENCE IN 1908-I909 471

THE CONGO CONFERENCE 472

THE CONFERENCE OF MADRID IN 1880 474

THE CONFERENCE OF ALGECIRAS IN 1906 475

THE CONFERENCE OF AMBASSADORS, 1912-1913 476

The Proposed Conference of 1914 477

THE PARIS CONFERENCE AND THE PEACE TREATIES 478

THE GENOA CONFERENCE 482

THE CONFERENCE OF LAUSANNE 484

NOTES TO CHAPTER ⅩⅤ 486

ⅩⅥ. THE CONCERT IN ECONOMIC ACTION 488

COMMUNICATIONS 488

THE POSTAL CONVENTION 489

ADAPTATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE MATTER OF CABLES AND AIRWAYS 490

INTERNATIONAL RIVER COMMISSIONS 492

THE OPENING OF ARTERIAL RIVERS TO GENERAL NAVIGATION 493

INTER-OCEANIC CANALS 493

OTHER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 495

LABOUR CONVENTIONS BEFORE THE WAR OF 19I4-I9i8 496

THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION 501

NOTES TO CHAPTER ⅩⅥ 502

ⅩⅦ.SOME TYPES OF TREATIES IN THE NINE- 503

TEENTH CENTURY 503

COMMERCIAL AND MOST-FAVOURED-NATION CLAUSES 503

TREATIES WITH EASTERN NATIONS 508

EXTRADITION TREATIES 510

TREATIES OF SOCIAL PHILANTHROPY 512

HEALTH CONVENTIONS 513

INTERNATIONAL SCANDALS 516

Slave Trade 516

North Sea Fisheries and Liquor Traffic 518

White-Slave Trafflc and Obscene Literature 518

“REBUS SIC STANTIBUS” 518

NOTES TO CHAPTER XVII 525

ⅩⅧ.THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS 527

THE LEAGUE 527

The League and Non-Members 534

Arbitration and Judicial Procedure 535

Non-Poli 538

tical Services of the League 538

CONCLUSION 541

NOTES TO CHAPTER ⅩⅦ 544

INDEX 547