THE CHALLENGE OF AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY PURPOSE AND ADAPTATIONPDF电子书下载

PART ONE. Foreign Policy: The Nature of the Challenge 1

CHAPTER 1. The Study of Foreign Policy 3

Americans and the World: Linkages and Adaptation 4

"Leaving It to the Experts" and Related Hazards 8

The Analytical Framework 18

CHAPTER 2. The Structure and Process of Foreign Policy in the Computer Age: Imaginary Ideals and Real Requirements 24

The Imaginary Ideal Machine for Making Policy 25

The IIMMP as an Illusory Standard 30

PART TWO. Foreign Policy and the Imperative of Purposeful Adaptation: Landmarks in the American Experience 49

CHAPTER 3. Guiding Assumptions, Images, and Goals: The Early American Foreign Policy Experience 51

Orientation to the World Environment: Generalized Assumptions, Images, and Goals 53

1783-1820s: Origins of a Foreign Policy Tradition 58

The 1890s and the Turn of the Century 67

National Leadership in Transition 77

CHAPTER 4. Adapting to Post-World War II Challenges 82

From Isolationism to Internationalism 83

Challenges of the Postwar World 87

Summary and Conclusions 109

PART THREE. The Foreign Policy Process in a New Era 117

CHAPTER 5. The Modern Quest for Unifying Goals: The Politics of Consensus Building 119

The Sense of Mission: "An American Century" 121

The End of Pax Americana: Restoring Lost Confidence 126

The Idiom of Policy Debate 131

Foreign Policy Subcultures 145

Political Elites and the Foreign Policy Consensus 152

CHAPTER 6. The Presidency and the Bureaucracy 163

The Nature of Presidential Leadership 165

The Bureaucratic Challenge 167

Organizational Growth and Complexity 170

Policy Milieu and Organizational Subculture 174

Recruitment and Promotion of Foreign Policy Personnel 192

Presidential Leadership and Foreign Policy Organization 203

CHAPTER 7. The Structure and Process of Foreign Policy Decision Making 210

Policy Planning 213

Intelligence 223

Communication, Control, and Decision Making 231

Policy Evaluation and Learning 238

CHAPTER 8. The President and Congress in the Formulation of Foreign Policy 250

The President and Congress: Phases in an Evolving Relationship 251

War Powers 263

Treaty Making Powers 269

Power of the Purse 279

Other Congressional Powers 288

Conclusions 289

PART FOUR. Conclusions 297

CHAPTER 9. Meeting the Challenges of the 1980s and 1990s: Purpose and Adaptation 299

The Complex Pattern of Change in the Modern World 302

Foreign Policy for a New Era 316