THE LAW OF INTERNATIONAL SPACESPDF电子书下载

GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPTER Ⅰ THE DELIMITATION OF INTERNATIONAL SPACES 4

INTRODUCTION 4

SECTION 1 THE DELIMITATION OF THE HIGH SEAS 6

A.The Traditional Breadth of the Territorial Sea 6

B.The Failure of Delimitation at the Hague Conference 7

C.International Delimitation in the Fisheries Case 8

D.Delimitation in the International Law Commission 9

E.The Failure of Delimitation at the Geneva Conferences 11

F.The Jurisprudence of Marine Delimitation 13

G.The Delimitation of Submarine Areas 15

H.The Delimitation of Marine Airspace 23

SECTION 2 THE DELIMITATION OF THE POLAR REGIONS 26

A.The Delimitation of the Arctic Ocean 26

B.The History of National Delimitation in Antarctica 28

C.The Failure of Delimitation in the Antarctica Cases 30

D.International Delimitation in the Antarctic Treaty 32

E.The Jurisprudence of Polar Delimitation 35

SECTION 3 THE DELIMITATION OF THE COSMIC SPACES 39

A.The Delimitation of National Airspace 39

B.The Delimitation of International Airspace 41

C.The Delimitation of Airspace and Outer Space 42

D.The Jurisprudence of Cosmic Delimitation 44

E.The Delimitation of Outer Space and Celestial Bodies 46

CONCLUSION 50

CHAPTER Ⅱ THE PROHIBITION OF TERRITORIAL SOVEREIGNTY OVER INTERNATIONAL SPACES 52

INTRODUCTION 52

SECTION 1 THE PROHIBITION OF TERRITORIAL SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE HIGH SEAS 54

A.The Traditional Freedom of the High Seas 54

B.The Adjudication of the Freedom of the High Seas 56

C.The Codification of the Freedom of the High Seas 58

D.The Regulation of the Freedom of the High Seas 60

E.The Freedom of the Airspace of the High Seas 61

F.The Freedom of the Deep Seabed 63

G.The Freedom of the High Seas and Land-Locked States 65

H.The Jurisprudence of the Freedom of the High Seas 66

SECTION 2 THE PROHIBITION OF TERRITORIAL SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE POLAR REGIONS 70

A.The Freedom of the Arctic Ocean 70

B.The History of Sector Claims in Antarctica 71

C.The Precedents of the Adjudication of Polar Claims 73

D.The Development of the Freedom of Antarctica 76

E.The Status of Sector Claims in the Antarctic Treaty 77

F.The Jurisprudence of the Freedom of the Polar Regions 80

SECTION 3 THE PROHIBITION OF TERRITORIAL SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE COSMIC SPACES 82

A.The Customary Freedom of the Cosmic Spaces 82

B.The Codification of the Freedom of the Cosmic Spaces 84

C.The Freedom of the Cosmic Spaces in the United Nations 85

D.The Prohibition of Sovereignty in the Outer Space Treaty 87

E.The Freedom of Celestial Bodies 89

F.The Jurisprudence of the Freedom of the Cosmic Spaces 91

CONCLUSION 93

CHAPTER Ⅲ THE JURISDICTION OF THE FLAG STATE IN INTERNATIONAL SPACES 95

INTRODUCTION 95

SECTION 1 THE JURISDICTION OF THE FLAG STATE ON THE HIGH SEAS 97

A.The Development of Flag Jurisdiction on the High Seas 97

B.Flag Jurisdiction in the Lotus Case 98

C.The Codification of Flag Jurisdiction on the High Seas 99

D.The Regulation of Flag Jurisdiction on the High Seas 101

E.Flag Jurisdiction in the Airspace of the High Seas 102

F.Flag Jurisdiction on the Deep Seabed 103

G.The Flag Jurisdiction of Land-Locked States 105

H.The Genuine Link and Flags of Convenience 106

I.Nationality of Ships in the IMCO Case 109

J.The Jurisprudence of Flag Jurisdiction on the High Seas 111

SECTION 2 THE JURISDICTION OF THE FLAG STATE IN THE POLAR REGIONS 116

A.Flag Jurisdiction in the Arctic Ocean 116

B.Customary Flag Jurisdiction in Antarctica 117

C.The Regime of Jurisdiction in the Antarctic Treaty 119

D.The Control of Flag Jurisdiction in Antarctica 121

E.Nationality of Antarctic Expeditions and Stations 123

F.The Jurisprudence of Flag Jurisdiction in the Polar Regions 126

SECTION 3 THE JURISDICTION OF THE FLAG STATE IN THE COSMIC SPACES 129

A.Customary Flag Jurisdiction in the Cosmic Spaces 129

B.The Codification of Flag Jurisdiction in the Cosmic Spaces 130

C.Flag Jurisdiction in the Outer Space Treaty 131

D.Flag Jurisdiction on Celestial Bodies 132

E.The Control of Flag Jurisdiction in the Cosmic Spaces 135

F.Nationality of Spacecraft and Space Stations 137

G.The Jurisprudence of Flag Jurisdiction in the Cosmic Spaces 138

CONCLUSION 141

CHAPTER Ⅳ THE USE OF FORCE IN INTERNATIONAL SPACES 143

INTRODUCTION 143

SECTION 1 THE USE OF FORCE ON THE HIGH SEAS 145

A.The Traditional Law of the Use of Force on the High Seas 145

B.The Use of Force and Self-Defense on the High Seas 146

C.Immunity of Ships on the High Seas 148

D.The Right of Hot Pursuit on the High Seas 151

E.The Repression of Piracy on the High Seas 153

F.The Jurisprudence of the Use of Force on the High Seas 155

G.The Sanctions of Broadcasting on the High Seas 156

H.The Nuclear Test Ban on the High Seas 159

I.The Use of Force in the Airspace of the High Seas 160

J.The Use of Force on the Deep Seabed 163

K.The Strategic Use of the High Seas 164

SECTION 2 THE USE OF FORCE IN THE POLAR REGIONS 169

A.The Use of Force in the Arctic Ocean 169

B.The Use of Force and Self-Defense in Antarctica 170

C.The Prohibition of the Military Use of Antarctica 171

D.The Jurisprudence of the Use of Force in Antarctica 175

E.The Nuclear Test Ban in Antarctica 176

F.Immunity and Intervention in Antarctica 178

G.The Strategic Use of the Polar Regions 180

SECTION 3 THE USE OF FORCE IN THE COSMIC SPACES 183

A.The Use of Force and Self-Defense in the Cosmic Spaces 183

B.Immunity and Intervention in the Cosmic Spaces 184

C.The Nuclear Ban in the Cosmic Spaces 185

D.The Prohibition of the Military Use of Celestial Bodies 186

E.The Jurisprudence of the Use of Force in Outer Space 189

F.The Strategic Use of the Cosmic Spaces 191

CONCLUSION 194

GENERAL CONCLUSION 196

APPENDIX 1 CONVENTION ON THE HIGH SEAS 200

APPENDIX 2 THE ANTARCTIC TREATY 210

APPENDIX 3 THE OUTER SPACE TREATY 217

Ⅰ.TABLE OF TREATIES 224

Ⅱ.TABLE OF CASES 226

Ⅲ.TABLE OF RESOLUTIONS 227

Ⅳ.TABLE OF DECLARATIONS 229

Ⅴ.BIBLIOGRAPHY 230