LAW AND DIPLOMACY IN COMMODITY ECONOMICS A STUDY OF TECHNIQUESPDF电子书下载

PART ONE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC LAW AND DIPLOMACY 3

PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS 3

1 CHARACTERISTICS 6

Ⅰ Legal Nature and Scope of Economic Diplomacy 6

Ⅱ Traditional International Law and Modern Economic Diplomacy in the Areas of Application 7

Ⅲ Methodology in International Economic Law and Diplomacy 11

Ⅳ The Role of Traditional Diplomacy in the Modern World of Economic Transactions 14

2 DIPLOMATIC TECHNIQUES 19

Ⅰ Techniques of Negotiation in International Economic Law and Diplomacy 19

Ⅱ Institutional and Administrative Techniques 22

Ⅲ Stabilisation Techniques 24

3 DIPLOMATIC PREREQUISITES FOR LEGAL TECHNIQUES 34

Introduction 34

Ⅰ Verification of Credentials and Full Powers 34

Ⅱ Drafting and the Jurist in International Economic Negotiations 40

4 LEGAL TECHNIQUES: CONCLUSION AND ENTRY INTO FORCE 53

Introduction 53

Ⅰ Signature of an Agreement 55

Ⅱ Ratification, Acceptance or Approval of an Agreement 62

5 LEGAL TECHNIQUES; THE SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF THE LEGAL OBLIGATIONS IN COMMODITY AGREEMENTS 74

Ⅰ Duration of Application 74

Ⅱ Renewal of an Agreement 78

Ⅲ Date of Entry into Force 79

Ⅳ Rationae Personae Effects of Commodity Agreements 83

Ⅴ States and the Territorial Applicability of Commodity Agreements 90

Ⅵ Procedure of Amendments 90

6 LEGAL TECHNIQUES: CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND HEADQUARTERS AGREEMENT 93

Ⅰ The Techniques of Conflict Resolution in Commodity Institutions 93

Ⅱ Headquarters Agreement: Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities 109

7 TIN IN INTERNATIONAL METALLIC DIPLOMACY: CASE STUDY ONE 119

Introduction: Notes on the Importance of Tin 119

Ⅰ Diplomatic Nature of Tin Conferences 121

Ⅱ Voting Procedures in the 3rd Agreement 134

Ⅲ Functioning Mechanism of the Tin Agreements: Source of Legal Obligations 146

Ⅳ Permanent and Administrative Institutions of the Agreement 158

Ⅴ An Examination of the 4th International Tin Agreement as an Instrument of Commodity Stablisation 163

8 COFFEE IN INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL DIPLOMACY: CASE STUDY TWO 168

Introduction 168

Ⅰ The Coffee Problem 169

Ⅱ Diplomatic Nature of Coffee Conferences 171

Ⅲ The Coffee Agreements 179

Ⅳ Voting Procedures 194

Ⅴ Permanent and Administrative Institutions of the Agreement 198

PART TWO CONFLICT AND CO-OPERATION IN COMMODITY DIPLOMACY 205

9 GENERAL ECONOMIC SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM 205

Ⅰ Economic Situation 205

Ⅱ Problems of Commodity Marketing: the Examples of Citrus Fruits (Orange, Lime, Citron, Grapefruit),Bananas and Tea 207

Ⅲ World Commodity Situation 208

Ⅳ Experience of International Commodity Agreements 211

Ⅴ Co-operation Attempts by Producers of Agricultural Commodities 214

Ⅵ Co-operation Attempts by Producers of Minerals and Metals 216

Ⅶ The Problem of Conflict and Co-operation 217

10 COMMODITY DIPLOMACY WITHIN THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM 224

Ⅰ Under UNCTAD Conferences 224

Ⅱ Under the General Assembly of the United Nations 250

Ⅲ Co-operation Among Third World International Economic Integration Organisations 268

11 COMMODITY AGREEMENTS UNDER A QUASI-UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM 309

Ⅰ The Cocoa Diplomacy 309

Ⅱ The Tin Diplomacy 317

12 FINAL REMARKS 323

Ⅰ The Plight of Poor Nations 323

Ⅱ For a Flexible Trade Policy 325

Ⅲ The Need to Restructure the Internal Political Order of Developing Countries as a Prerequisite for Attaining the Desired International Economic Order 326

Ⅳ Legal and Diplomatic Dimensions 329

Notes 331

Further Reading 363

Index 372