INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENTPDF电子书下载

1 Intellectual property through the lens of human development&Tzen Wong 1

1 The expanding matrix of intellectual property rights 5

2 Rationales, checks and balances 16

3 Capabilities and innovation 27

4 Multiple ways of viewing development 36

5 Conclusion: Re-posing the questions 46

2 Intellectual property and medicine: Towards global health equity&Claudia Chamas, Ben Prickril and Joshua D. Sarnoff 60

1 Overview of intellectal property issues and trends relating to health 61

2 Strategies and public-private initiatives for research into new medicines and vaccines 84

3 Future scenarios relating to intellectual property and health 88

4 Conclusion 95

3 Food security and intellectual property rights: Finding the linkages&Hans Morten Haugen, Manuel Ruiz Muller and Sauita Mullapudi Narasimhan 103

1 The right to food: A conceptual and legal background 106

2 Trends in agricultural innovation and technology: The impact on farming communities in developing countries 112

3 Intellectual property rights in agriculture 117

4 Enclosure of the commons and some reactions 123

5 The challenges ahead for developing countries: Ensuring better use of genetic resources and more targeted research and development 127

6 Conclusion 131

4 Trends and scenarios in the legal protection of traditional knowledge&Charles McManis and Yolanda Terdn 139

1 Fundamental concepts and distinctions in the legal protection of traditional knowledge 140

2 Transmission and loss of traditional knowledge 142

3 Principal international agreements relevant to the legal protection of traditional knowledge 143

4 Trends in the legal protection of traditional knowledge 148

5 Conclusion 166

5 Traditional cultural expressions: Preservation and innovation&Tzen Wong and Claudia Fernandini 175

1 Concepts and definitions 175

2 Circulation and commodification of traditional cultural expressions 178

3 Limited protection of traditional cultural expressions through copyright, moral rights and design rights 184

4 Labels denoting origin and other characteristics 188

5 Fixing or innovating? 198

6 Some sui generis forms of protection for traditional cultural expressions 201

7 Use of codes of ethics and protocols to supplement legal provisions 207

8 Conclusion 210

6 Copyright and capability for education: An approach'from below'&Margaret Chon 218

1 Linking intellectual property to development 219

2 Linking development to capabilities 222

3 Linking capabilities to educational access 225

4 Linking educational access to copyright 229

5 Substantive equality: Copyright and capability for basic education 233

6 Conclusion 241

7 Knowledge and education: Pro-access implications of new technologies&Dalindyebo Shabalala 250

1 Technology, education and copyright 251

2 Pro-access implications of information technology on knowledge and education 254

3 Legislative developments and pro-access strategies 261

4 Conclusion 274

8 Cultural diversity and the arts: Contemporary challenges for copyright law&Tzen Wong, Molly Tor sen and Claudia Fernandini 279

1 Some concepts and definitions 280

2 Cultural rights and intellectual property rights 282

3 Emerging framework of protection for cultural diversity 286

4 Revisiting copyright as an economic incentive to create 289

5 Public access to cultural works: Nurturing capabilities for creative expression 298

6 Changing notions of authorship 308

7 Technology as a driving force for change 310

8 Some scenarios and reflections for the future 314

9 Conclusion 319

9 Scenario planning on the future of intellectual property: Literature review and implications for human development&Michael A. Gollin, Gwen Hinze and Tzen Wong 329

1 Scenario planning and intellectual property 329

2 Intellectual property in the year 2025 330

3 The future of the public domain: Scenario analysis 336

4 Challenges and opportunities from new technology 342

5 Scenario planning and the Development Agenda 350

6 Conclusion 357

Appendices 367

appendix A. Capability, opulence and utility 367

appendix B. Exploring alternative, collaborative models of innovation for medicines and vaccines 369

appendix C. Strategies and laws to promote traditional medicinal knowledge 376

appendix D. Educational use exceptions to copyright: A comparison among selected jurisdictions 379

appendix E. Copyright and contemporary art: A case study 383

Index 389