LEGAL AND CRININAL PSYCHOLOGYPDF电子书下载

PART Ⅰ LEGAL PSYCHOLOGY 3

1. Introduction to Legal Psychology 3

The Psychology of Lawmaking 4

The Legislator as Law Transcriber 5

Interpretation of Laws 6

Selective Sanctions 9

The Courtroom 13

The Psychology of Testimony 14

Forensic Psychiatry 17

Psychology and the Courtroom 19

2. Psychology and Law 22

A Psychological View of the Spheres of Law 24

Fundamental Characteristics of Law and Psychology 37

Experiences in the Relations of Law and Psychology 44

3. Trial Tactics in Criminal Cases 51

Nature of the Proceedings 52

The Prosecutor and the Defense Counsel 53

Selecting the Jury 55

The Opening Statements 58

Examination and Evidence 60

Trial 62

Final Argument 71

Epilogue 72

Conclusion 73

4. Trial Tactics in Civil Cases 75

Evaluation of the Case 76

Settlement Tactics 77

Jury Selection 79

Opening Statement to the Jury 81

Order of Proof 82

Direct Examination 84

Bad Practices in Examining Witnesses 88

Setting the Stage for Cross-Examination 89

Demonstrative Evidence 90

Cross-Examination 91

The Final Argument 92

5. The Psychology of Juries 96

How the Jury System Works 97

Research on Juries 100

The Psychology of the Jury 105

Controversy over the Jury System 109

Suggested Reforms in Jury Procedure 113

6. The Psychology of Judges 121

The Judge's Job 122

The Making of Judicial Decisions 123

Some Contextual Pressures on Judicial Decisions 124

Some Personal Variables in the Judge's Career 127

Differing Views on the Basis for Judicial Decisions 131

The Psychology of the Judge 136

Predicting Decisions 138

Suggested Changes 138

7. Criminal Responsibility and Psychiatry 146

What is Criminal Responsibility? 146

Historical and Social Aspects of Criminal Responsibility 151

The Durham Rule and Its Implications:A Critical Analysis 157

Mental Illness as an Excusing Condition 158

Epilogue 165

PART Ⅱ CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY 171

8. Introduction to Criminal Psychology 171

The Conception of Man as Free Moral Agent 172

Divine Intervention in the Courtroom 173

Hedonism and Classical Anthropology 174

The Positive School of Criminology 175

The Criminal Man 176

Crime and Anatomy 177

The Evolution of Criminal Psychology 178

The Psychiatric and Sociological Views 179

The Legal Framework for Correction 181

Two Trends in Correction 184

Treatment and the Public 186

Treatment and Vested Interest 188

Epilogue 189

9. The Development of Criminal Predispositions 192

The Nature of "Crime" 193

Specific or General Causation? 195

Theories of Criminal Predestination 196

The Multiple-Factor Approach 200

The Development of Criminal Predispositions 201

The Study of Predisposing Attitudesand Feelings 209

10. The Gauging of Criminal Predispositions 213

Delinquency as a Criterion 214

Reliability of a Predictor 216

Validity of the Predictor 217

The Base-Rate Problem 219

Types of Psychological Measures 220

Constructing an Inventory Measure 222

The MMPI: An Empirically Derived Inventory 222

Psychological Tests 232

Projective Tests 234

The Glueck Prediction Tables 236

Conclusion 240

11. Psychologists and Juvenile Delinquency 243

Gang Children 244

Unsocialized Aggressive Boys 245

"Accidental" Delinquency 247

Mother-Daughter Feuds 251

Neurotic Delinquency 252

Mixed Patterns 254

Psychologists in the Juvenile Court 255

Psychologists in Treatment Institutions 265

Other Activities of Psychologists 267

Summary 268

12. Psychopathic (Sociopathic) Personalities 271

The Case of Roger Hayes 271

The Term "Psychopathic" or "Sociopathic Personality" 274

Psychosis and Neurosis 275

Psychopathic Personality 276

Historical Development of the Concept of Psychopathic Personality 276

Modern Status of Concept 277

Psychopathic Personality and Criminality 282

Theories of Causation 283

Treatment of the Psychopath 290

Summary 292

13. Current Practices in Correction: A Critique 294

Substitute Goals 296

Treatment by Time Clock 299

Adverse Effects of Treatment by Time Clock 302

Probation: The First Phase of Correctional Treatment 304

Critique of Current Probation Practices 305

Institutions: The Second Phase of Correctional Treatment 306

Job Placement 310

Treatment 312

Parole: Third and Final Phase of Correctional Treatment 316

After Correction, What? 319

14. The Youthful Offender: An Illustration of New Developments in Correction 323

Changes in Corrections 325

Corrections' Programs for the Youthful Offender 327

A Concept and Program of Corrections 328

Institutions 329

Case Management 336

A Concept of Remedial Therapy 336

The Camp and the Nearby Community 338

Probation 339

Group Counseling for Youthful Probationers and Parolees 342

Group Counseling for Youth in County Jails 342

Foster Family Care for Probationers and Parolees 343

The Community's Role in Crime Prevention 343

Some Closing Words on Institutions 345

Psychiatric and Psychological Services 346

Conclusion 346

PART Ⅲ SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGYIntroductory Note 351

15. The Drug Addict and His Treatment 357

Definitions of Addiction 359

How Addicts Develop 362

Alcoholics and Drug Addicts 365

Crime and the Life Cycle 367

Why Treatment? 369

Treatment Programs 369

Change in the Kind of Person Who Becomes Addicted 371

The Drug Addict in the Courts and Prisons 375

Drug Addiction in the Future 376

16. The Alcohol Offender and His Treatment 381

Characteristics of Offenders 383

Drinking Patterns 385

Routes to Dependency 386

The Skid Row Subculture 389

Treatment of the Alcohol Offender 393

Conclusion 398

17. The Sex Offender and His Treatment 400

Classification of Sex Offenses 400

Psychological Classification of Sex Offenders 402

Sexual Offenders and Sexual Deviates 403

Incidence of Sex Offenses 406

Characteristics of Sex Offenders 407

The Treatment of Sex Offenders 408

Social Prophylaxis 412

Index 419