Conflicts in a nutshellPDF电子书下载

GENERAL PART 1

What it is all about 1

1.Terminology and Scope 8

1.Choice of law and jurisdiction 8

2-1."Conflict of laws" and "private international law" 9

2-2.Interterritorial and intertemporal conflicts 11

3.Datum and rule of decision 13

4.2.History 14

a.The European continent 17

5-1.Statutism 17

5-2.Comity 19

5-3.From vested rights to modern pluralism 20

b.England and the United States 22

6-1.Lex fori.....? 22

6-2.Joseph Story 22

6-3..."Vested rights": Dicey and Beale 24

7."Local law" 26

8-1.3.Current Doctrine 27

8-2."Justice" 28

8-3.Cavers: Principles of Preference 29

8-4.The Second Restatement: "The most significant relationship" 30

8-5.Currie: "Governmental interests" 31

8-6.Von Mehren and Trautman: "Functional approach" 33

8-7.Leflar: Choice influencing considerations 34

8-8.The courts 34

8-9.Problem selection (Rheinstein) and interpretation 35

4.Sources 37

a.Choice and non-choice 37

9-1.(1) Forum rule by non-choice ("self-delimitation") 37

(2) Choice by formulated true rules 39

9-2.Codes 39

9-3.Statutes 39

9-4.Precedent 41

9-5.(3) Choice by non-formulated rules 42

9-6.(4) Choice by forum policy 43

9-7.(5) Forum rule as residuary 45

9-8.(6) The "lex-fori approach" defended 46

b.International law 50

10-1.Treaties 50

10-2.Customary law 51

c.National law 52

11-1.(1) International conflicts 52

11-2.(2) "Federal fields" 53

12-1.(3) The Constitution? 54

12-2.Due Process 55

Full Faith and Credit 57

13-1.(a) In general 57

13-2.(b) Statute of limitations 59

13-3.(c) Wrongful death statutes 60

13-4.(d) Workmen's compensation acts 60

13-5.(e) Conclusions 61

14.d.State law 62

5.The "Structure" of Choice of Law Rules 64

15-1.Traditional devices 64

15-2."False conflicts" 65

a.Characterization 66

16-1.Contract or tort 66

16-2."Legal ideas" or "gimmicks" 68

16-3.Interpretation 69

16-4.Lex fori or lex causae? 70

16-5.Preliminary (incidental) question 71

17-1.b.Renvoi 72

17-2.Theory 72

17-3.Practice 74

17-4.Rationale 75

c.Public policy 76

18-1.In general 76

18-2.Penal laws and taxes 78

18-3.Filling the gap 79

18-4.Fraud on the law 80

6.Choice of Forum Law 81

a.Procedural characterization 81

19-1.Proper use 81

19-2.Improper use 82

19-3.Future use 82

19-4.Deficiency judgments 84

20-1.b.Recognition of judgments 85

(1) Extranational judgments 85

20-2.Judicial acts 85

20-3.Administrative acts 87

20-4.Extralitigious proceedings 88

(2) Sister state judgments 88

20-5.Judicial acts 88

20-6.Administrative acts 90

c.Statute of limitations 90

21-1.(1) "Favor rei" (the shorter statute) 90

21-2.(2) "Favor actor is" (the longer statute) 92

d."Moral data" (non-choice) 93

22-1.(1) Negligence 93

(2) Restitution 94

22-2.The concept 94

22-3.Lex causae? 96

22-4.Lex fori 97

22-5.Exceptions? 97

(3) Equitable defenses 98

22-6.Unclean hands 98

22-7.Estoppel 99

22-8.Fraud 99

22-9.Piercing the corporate veil 100

7.Finding the Foreign Law 101

23.a.Theory 101

24.b.Failure to plead 102

c.Failure of proof 104

25-1.Judicial notice 104

25-2.Other solutions- 105

25-3.d.Mechanics 107

PERSONS 108

1.Natural Persons in General 108

a.Status and its incidents 108

26-1.History 108

26-2."Public law" status梞arriage 109

26-3.Non-status doption 111

b.The "personal law" 113

27.Nationality and domicile 113

28.The concept of domicile 114

29.Scope of domicile rule capacity？ 116

2.Domestic Relations 118

a.Marriage 118

(1) Agreements relating to marriage 118

30-1.Engagment 118

30-2.Anti-marriage and divorce stipulations 118

30-3.Antenupital and postnuptial agreements 119

(2) Validity of marriage 120

31-1.Valid under law of celebration 120

31-2.Invalid under law of clebration 123

31-3.Two marriages 124

b.Children and parents 126

32.Legitimacy by birth 126

33.Legitimation by subsequent marriage 127

34.Legitimation by acknowledgment 128

35.Legitimacy through birth from, or legitimation by, attempted marriage 130

36.Illegitimacy 131

37.Adoption 132

c.Family support (URESA) 134

38-1.Defendant's law 134

38-2.Plaintiffs law 135

38-3.A better law? 136

3."Juristic Persons'' 137

39.a.Personality 137

40.b.Personal law 138

41.c.Capacity 140

d.The members 142

42-1.Members inter se; transfer of membership 142

42-2.Members and the corporation 143

43.Members and third parties 144

44.e.Partnerships 145

45.f.Regulatory measures 146

CONTRACTS 147

46-1.1.General Analysis 147

a.Express stipulation: professio juris 147

46-2.General rule 147

46-3.Limitation? 149

b.Adhesion contracts 150

47-1.Professio juris 150

47-2.In general 151

c.Third parties 152

48.Agency 152

49.Third party beneficiaries 156

50.Assignment 157

51.Subrogation 158

52-1.2.Validity 160

52-2.a.Europe 160

b.United States 161

53-1.Party autonomy 161

53-2.Vested rights 162

53-3."Most significant relationship" 163

53-4.Lex fori 164

54.Presumption of validity 165

c.Phases of the validity problem 167

(1) Form requirements 167

55-1.Imperative rules 167

55-2.Validation 169

55-3.Invalidation 170

56-1.(2) Capacity to contract 173

56-2.Married women 174

56-3.Infants 175

57.(3) Sufficiency of consideration 177

58-1.(4) Legality 177

58-2...Usury 178

59-1.Invalidation under forum law 180

59-2.Invalidation under foreign law 181

3.Performance 184

60.a.Introduction 184

b.Interpretation and construction 185

61-1.Interpretation 185

61-2.Construction 186

62-1.c.Discharge 186

62-2.Performance 187

62-3.Release 187

62-4.Operation of law 188

63-1.d.Breach 189

63-2.Breach of implied warranties 189

63-3.Requirement of notice 190

63-4.Statute of limitations 191

63-5.Specific performance 191

64.Damages 191

65.Interest 194

4.Particular Contracts 195

a.Insurance 195

(1) Life, accident, and fire insurance 195

66-1.Professio juris 195

66-2.Lex fori against imperative formulae 195

66-3.Location of the risk 196

(2) Casualty insurance 197

67-1.The dilemma 197

67-2.Interspousal immunity 198

67-3.Direct actions 198

68.b Suretyship 200

c.Employment 203

69-1.(1) Validity 203

(2) "Master and servant" 203

69-2."Right to work" 203

69-3.Wages 204

69-4.Pre-tort release 204

70.Workmen's compensation 205

(3) Principal and agent 206

71-1.Real estate brokers 206

71-2.Other agents 208

72.d.Transportation 209

73.e.Procedural agreements 211

74.f.Arbitration 211

75.(vacant) 212

TORTS 213

1.History and Doctrine 213

76-1.From the lex fori to the lex loci 213

76-2.From the place of conduct to the place of harm 215

76-3.New formulae? 216

2.General Principles 219

a.Classification by issues 219

77-1.Depecage (scission) of the case 219

77-2.(1) Damages in general 220

77-3.Periodic payments 221

77-4.Loss of consortium 221

(2) Limitation on wrongful death damages 222

77-5.Exit the limiting lex loci 222

77-6."Relationships" and "interests" 224

77-7.Statutory interpretation 226

77-8.Insurability in particular 226

77-9.Forum shopping 227

77-10.Outlook 228

78-1.(3) Survival of action and standing to sue 229

(4) Re-allocation of the loss 230

78-2.Release of co-tortfeasors 230

78-3."Splitting" the cause of action 231

78-4.Contribution between tortfeasors 231

79.b.Classification by torts: admonition versus compensation 232

3.Intentional Torts and Other Moral "Wrongs" 234

80-1.a.Family relations 234

b.Personal injury 235

80-2.Assault and battery 235

80-3.Dram Shop Acts 236

80-4.Moral negligence 237

c.Property 238

80-5.Fraud 238

80-6.Abuse of process 239

80-7.Conversion 240

80-8.Insurers' liability 240

d.Trade 241

81.Antitrust 241

82.Unfair competition and trademarks 242

e.Reputation 243

83-1.Individual defamation 243

83-2.Mass (multistate) defamation 243

83-3.Lex causae? (herein of statutes of limitation) 244

83-4.Lex fori? 245

83-5.What now? 245

84.4.Accidents (Enterprise Liability) 246

a.Traffic accidents 247

(1) Negligence 247

85-1.Cause of action 247

85-2.Contributory negligence 249

(2) Third party liability 250

86-1.The Scheer rule 250

86-2.Vicarious liability in general 251

87.The automobile owner in particular 252

88.Community property 254

(3) Immunities 255

89.Guest statutes 255

90-1.Family immunities 258

90-2.Charitable immunities 259

b.Products liability 260

91-1.Forum law? 260

91-2.Foreign law? 261

91-3.Plaintiff's choice? 262

c.Other accident liabilities 263

92.Dog-bites 263

93.Blasting and other ultra-hazardous activities 264

94-95.Vacant 264

PROPERTY 265

1.Land (Immovables) 265

a.In general 265

96-1.The lex situs 265

96-2.Renvoi 266

96-3.Equitable conversion 266

96-4.Liens 267

97.b.Title to land 267

c.Land contracts 269

98-1.Validity 269

98-2.Other questions 270

98-3.d.Leases 271

2.Chattels 272

a.Lex situs, personal law,and lex actus 272

99-1.History 272

99-2.Analysis 273

b.Derivative acquisition (transfer) 275

100-1.Validity 275

100-2.Repossession 277

c.Original acquisition (bona fide purchase) 278

101-1.Introduction 278

101-2.Automobiles 279

102.Other chattels 282

3.Intangibles 284

a.In general 284

103-1.Lex situs? 284

103-2.Other formulae? 285

b.Negotiable instruments 286

104.Unification? 286

105-1.Contractual obligations 287

105-2.Property rights 288

106.A better law? 289

c.Assignments 290

107-1.Validity 290

107-2.Assignability 291

107-3.Successive assignments 292

d.Living trusts 294

108-1.Validity 294

108-2.Administration 295

108-3."Construction'' 296

4.Marital Property 297

a.In general 297

109-1.Prior titles 297

109-2.Full mutability 298

109-3.Partial mutability 299

110.b.Immovables 300

111.c.Movables 301

SUCCESSION 304

1.General Problems 304

112-1.Situs and domicile 304

112-2.Movables and immovables 305

113.2.Immovables 306

114.a.Intestate succession 307

b.Testate succession 309

115-1.Validity 309

115-2.Other questions 310

116.c.Anti-testate succession 311

3.Movables 312

117.a.Intestate succession 312

b.Testate succession 313

118-1.Formal validity 313

118-2.Capacity 314

119-1.Charitable bequests 315

119-2.Other questions of validity 315

120-1.Interpretation and construction 316

120-2.Revocation 317

121.c.Anti-testate succession 318

122.d.Administration 319

123.THE NUTSHELL "IN A NUTSHELL" 321

Index 333