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Contents 1

Unit Eleven　History 1

Daniel J．Boorstin，The Asking Animal 1

Benedetto Croce，History as Human Self-Knowledge 19

G．W．F．Hegel，History as the Self-Realization of Spirit 28

Barbara Tuchman，When Does History Happen？ 38

Unit Twelve　Education 47

Alfred North Whitehead，The Aims of Education 47

John Henry Newman，The Idea of a University 57

William Zinsser，College Pressures 64

William Golding，Thinking as a Hobby 72

Confucius，The Great Learning 79

Morton W．Bloomfield and Leonard Newmark，Language and the History of Language 82

Unit Thirteen　Language 82

W．Somerset Maugham，Lucidity，Simplicity，Euphony 94

F．L．Lucas，What Is Style？ 103

LeRoi Jones，Expressive Language 112

George Orwell，Politics and the English Language 116

Unit Fourteen　Man Woman 127

Cheryl Merser，Men，Women，Equality，and Love 127

Susan Faludi，Blame It on Feminism 135

Mervyn Cadwallader，Marriage as a Wretched Institution 143

Sarah Orne Jewett，Tom's Husband 150

Maxine Hong Kingston，No Name Woman 161

Unit Fifteen　Politics 172

Nancy Gibbs，Twin Perils of Love War 172

John Taylor，Are You Politically Correct？ 178

Shelby Steele，Affirmative Action：The Price of Preference 193

Lewis H．Van Dusen，Jr．，Civil Disobedience：Destroyer of Democracy 202

Unit Sixteen　Environmental Protection ( 210

Gwynne Dyer，A Cruel Universe，but the Only One Where Humans Could Exist 210

Maryann Bird，Hanging Out on a Limb 214

James Corbett，Why Tigers Become Man-Eaters 220

Edward Hoagland，The Courage of Turtles 226

Edward Abbey，Eco-Defense 233

Unit Seventeen　Media 237

John Merrill，Freedom of the Press Must Be Limited 237

Mario Cuomo，Freedom of the Press Must Be Unlimited 243

Garrison Keillor，The Tip-Top Club 250

Beth Austin，Pretty Worthless 260

Unit Eighteen　Biography 269

Frederic Golden，Albert Einstein 269

Paul Gray，James Joyce 274

Robert Hughes，Pablo Picasso 279

Johanna McGeary，Mohandas Gandhi 283

Unit Nineteen　Religion 290

Walter T．Stace，What Religion Is 290

Bertrand Russell，Why I Am Not a Christian 295

Huston Smith，Buddhism 304

Wallace Stevens，Sunday Morning 322

Unit Twenty　Death 327

John Donne，Death Be Not Proud 327

John Gunther，Death Be Not Proud 328

Elisabeth Kübler-Ross，Stages of Dying 340

William Cullen Bryant，Thanatopsis 346

Robert Kastenbaum，The Kingdom Where Nobody Dies 349

Key to Exercises 360