CCNA学习指南 中文版 640-801 英文版PDF电子书下载

Chapter 1 Internetworking 1

Internetworking Basics 3

Internetworking Models 6

The Layered Approach 7

Advantages of Reference Models 8

The OSI Reference Model 8

The Application Layer 10

The Presentation Layer 11

The Session Layer 12

The Transport Layer 13

The Network Layer 18

Introduction 19

The Data Link Layer 20

The Physical Layer 23

Ethernet Networking 24

Half-and Full-Duplex Ethernet 25

Ethernet at the Data Link Layer 26

Ethernet at the Physical Layer 31

Ethernet Cabling 33

Straight-Through Cable 34

Crossover Cable 34

Rolled Cable 35

Assessment Test 35

Wireless Networking 36

Data Encapsulation 39

The Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical Model 41

The Core Layer 42

The Distribution Layer 43

The Access Layer 43

Summary 44

Exam Essentials 44

Key Terms 45

Written Lab 1 46

Written Lab 1.1:OSI Questions 47

Written Lab 1.2:Defining the OSI Layers and Devices 48

Written Lab 1.3:Identifying Collision and Broadcast Domains 48

Review Questions 49

Answers to Review Questions 52

Answers to Written Lab 1 54

Answers to Written Lab 1.1 54

Answer to Written Lab 1.2 55

Answers to Written Lab 1.3 55

Chapter 2 Internet Protocols 57

TCP/IP and the DoD Model 58

The Process/Application Layer Protocols 60

The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols 64

The Internet Layer Protocols 72

Binary to Decimal and Hexadecimal Conversion 80

IP Addressing 83

IP Terminology 83

The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme 83

Private IP Addresses 89

Broadcast Addresses 90

Introduction to Network Address Translation(NAT) 92

Summary 93

Exam Essentials 93

Key Terms 94

Review Questions 95

Written Lab 2 95

Answers to Review Questions 98

Answers to Written Lab 2 100

Chapter 3 IP Subnetting and Variable Length Subnet Masks(VLSM) 101

Subnetting Basics 102

How to Create Subnets 103

Subnet Masks 104

Classless Inter-Domain Routing(CIDR) 104

Subnetting Class C Addresses 106

The Binary Method:Subnetting a Class C Address 106

The Fast Way:Subnetting a Class C Address 107

Subnetting Class B Addresses 114

Subnetting Class A Addresses 119

Variable Length Subnet Masks(VLSMs) 122

VLSM Design 123

Implementing VLSM Networks 125

Troubleshooting IP Addressing 129

Determining IP Address Problems 130

Summary 133

Exam Essentials 133

Key Terms 134

Written Lab 3 134

Review Questions 134

Answers to Review Questions 138

Answers to Written Lab 3 140

Chapter 4 Introduction to the Cisco IOS 143

The Cisco Router User Interface 144

Cisco Router IOS 145

Connecting to a Cisco Router 145

Bringing Up a Router 146

Setup Mode 148

Command-Line Interface 152

Logging into the Router 153

Overview of Router Modes 153

CLI Prompts 154

Editing and Help Features 156

Gathering Basic Routing Information 160

Setting Passwords 161

Encrypting Your Passwords 165

Banners 167

Router Interfaces 168

Hostnames 172

Descriptions 172

Viewing and Saving Configurations 174

Verifying Your Configuration 176

Summary 182

Exam Essentials 182

Commands Used in This Chapter 184

Key Terms 184

Written Lab 4 187

Hands-on Labs 187

Hands-on Lab 4.1:Logging into a Router 188

Hands-on Lab 4.2:Using the Help and Editing Features 188

Hands-on Lab 4.3:Saving a Router Configuration 189

Hands-on Lab 4.4:Setting Your Passwords 190

Hands-on Lab 4.5 Setting the Hostname,Descriptions,IPAddress,and Clock Rate 192

Review Questions 193

Answers to Review Questions 196

Answers to Written Lab 4 198

Chapter 5 IP Routing 199

Routing Basics 200

The IP Routing Process 201

IP Routing in a Larger Network 206

Configuring IP Routing in Our Network 211

Static Routing 212

Default Routing 216

Dynamic Routing 217

Routing Protocol Basics 218

Administrative Distances 218

Routing Protocols 219

Distance-Vector Routing Protocols 220

Maximum Hop Count 222

Routing Loops 222

Split Horizon 223

Route Poisoning 223

Holddowns 223

Routing Information Protocol(RIP) 224

RIP Timers 225

Configuring RIP Routing 225

Verifying the RIP Routing Tables 228

Holding Down RIP Propagations 229

Interior Gateway Routing Protocol(IGRP) 230

Configuring IGRP Routing 231

IGRP Timers 231

Verifying the IGRP Routing Tables 233

Verifying Your Configurations 234

The show protocols Command 235

The show ip protocols Command 235

The debug ip rip Command 237

The debug ip igrp Command 238

Summary 239

Exam Essentials 240

Key Terms 240

Commands Used in This Chapter 241

Hands-on Labs 242

Written Lab 5 242

Hands-on Lab 5.1:Creating Static Routes 243

Hands-on Lab 5.2:Dynamic Routing with RIP 245

Hands-on Lab 5.3:Dynamic Routing with IGRP 246

Review Questions 247

Answers to Review Questions 252

Answers to Written Lab 5 254

Chapter 6 Enhanced IGRP(EIGRP)and Open Shortest Path First(OSPF) 255

EIGRP Features and Operation 256

Protocol-Dependent Modules 257

Neighbor Discovery 257

Reliable Transport Protocol(RTP) 258

Diffusing Update Algorithm(DUAL) 259

Using EIGRP to Support Large Networks 259

Multiple AS 260

VLSM Support and Summarization 260

Route Discovery and Maintenance 261

Configuring EIGRP 263

Lab_A 264

Lab_B 265

Lab_C 265

Verifying EIGRP 267

Open Shortest Path First(OSPF)Basics 269

OSPF Terminology 271

SPF Tree Calculation 273

Configuring OSPF 274

Enabling OSPF 274

Configuring OSPF Areas 275

Verifying OSPF Configuration 278

The show ip ospf Command 279

The show ip ospf database Command 279

The show ip ospf interface Command 280

The show ip ospf neighbor Command 281

The show ip protocols Command 281

Configuring Loopback Interfaces 282

OSPF and Loopback Interfaces 282

Verifying Loopbacks and RIDs 283

Summary 284

Exam Essentials 285

Key Terms 286

Commands Used in This Chapter 286

Written Lab 6 287

Hands-On Labs 288

Lab 6.1:Configuring and Verifying EIGRP 289

Lab 6.2:Enabling the OSPF Process 290

Lab 6.4:Verifying OSPF Operation 291

Lab 6.3:Configuring OSPF Neighbors 291

Review Questions 292

Answers to Review Questions 295

Answers to Written Lab 6 297

Chapter 7 Layer 2 Switching 299

Before Layer 2 Switching 301

Switching Services 303

Limitations of Layer 2 Switching 304

Bridging vs.LAN Switching 305

Three Switch Functions at Layer 2 305

Spanning Tree Terms 309

Spanning Tree Protocol(STP) 309

Spanning Tree Operations 310

Spanning Tree Example 313

LAN Switch Types 315

Cut-Through(Real Time) 315

FragmentFree(Modified Cut-Through) 316

Store-and-Forward 316

Configuring the Catalyst 1900 and 2950 Switches 316

1900 and 2950 Switch Startup 317

Setting the Passwords 318

Setting the Hostname 320

Setting IP Information 321

Configuring Interface Descriptions 322

Erasing the Switch Configuration 323

Summary 324

Exam Essentials 324

Key Terms 325

Commands Used in This Chapter 325

Written Lab 7 326

Hands-on Labs 326

Hands-on Lab 7.1:Switch Basic Administrative Configurations 327

Hands-on Lab 7.2:Verifying the Switch Configurations 329

Review Questions 329

Answers to Review Questions 333

Answers to Written Lab 7 334

Chapter 8 Virtual LANs(VLANs) 335

VLAN Basics 336

Broadcast Control 338

Security 339

Flexibility and Scalability 339

VLAN Memberships 342

Static VLANs 342

Dynamic VLANs 343

Identifying VLANs 343

Frame Tagging 344

Inter-Switch Link(ISL)Protocol 345

VLAN Identification Methods 345

VLAN Trunking Protocol(VTP) 346

VTP Modes of Operation 347

VTP Pruning 348

Routing between VLANs 349

Configuring VLANs 350

Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs 352

Configuring Trunk Ports 354

Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing 355

Configuring VTP 356

Configuring Switching in Our Sample Internetwork 358

Summary 364

Exam Essentials 365

Key Terms 365

Commands Used in This Chapter 366

Written Lab 8 367

Review Questions 367

Answers to Review Questions 370

Answers to Written Lab 8 371

Chapter 9 Managing a Cisco Internetwork 373

The Internal Components of a Cisco Router 374

The Router Boot Sequence 375

Understanding the Configuration Register Bits 376

Managing Configuration Registers 376

Checking the Current Configuration Register Value 377

Changing the Configuration Register 378

Recovering Passwords 378

Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco IOS 381

Verifying Flash Memory 382

Backing Up the Cisco IOS 382

Restoring or Upgrading the Cisco Router IOS 384

Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco Configuration 386

Backing Up the Cisco Router Configuration 386

Restoring the Cisco Router Configuration 388

Using Cisco Discovery Protocol(CDP) 389

Getting CDP Timers and Holdtime Information 389

Erasing the Configuration 389

Gathering Neighbor Information 390

Gathering Interface Traffic Information 392

Gathering Port and Interface Information 393

Using Telnet 394

Telnetting into Multiple Devices Simultaneously 396

Checking Telnet Connections 397

Checking Telnet Users 397

Closing Telnet Sessions 398

Resolving Hostnames 399

Building a Host Table 399

Using DNS to Resolve Names 401

Checking Network Connectivity 403

Using the ping Command 403

Using the traceroute Command 404

Summary 405

Exam Essentials 405

Key Terms 407

Commands Used in This Chapter 407

Written Lab 9 409

Hands-on Labs 409

Hands-on Lab 9.1:Backing Up Your Router IOS 410

Hands-on Lab 9.2:Upgrading or Restoring Your Router IOS 410

Hands-on Lab 9.4:Using the Cisco Discovery Protocol(CDP) 411

Hands-on Lab 9.3:Backing Up the Router Configuration 411

Hands-on Lab 9.5:Using Telnet 412

Hands-on Lab 9.6:Resolving Hostnames 412

Review Questions 413

Answers to Review Questions 416

Answers to Written Lab 9 418

Chapter 10 Internet Protocols 419

Introduction to Access Lists 420

Standard Access Lists 423

Wildcard Masking 425

Standard Access List Example 426

Controlling VTY(Telnet)Access 428

Extended Access Lists 429

Extended Access List Example 433

Named Access Lists 433

Monitoring Access Lists 435

Summary 437

Exam Essentials 438

Key Terms 438

Commands Used in This Chapter 439

Written Lab 10 439

Hands-on Labs 440

Hands-on Lab 10.1:Standard IP Access Lists 440

Hands-on Lab 10.2:Extended IP Access Lists 441

Review Questions 443

Answers to Review Questions 447

Answers to Written Lab 10 449

Chapter 11 Wide Area Networking Protocols 451

Introduction to Wide Area Networks 452

Defining WAN Terms 452

WAN Connection Types 453

WAN Support 454

Cabling the Wide Area Network 456

Serial Transmission 456

Fixed and Modular Interfaces 457

Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communication Equipment 457

High-Level Data-Link Control(HDLC)Protocol 458

Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP) 459

Link Control Protocol(LCP)Configuration Options 460

PPP Session Establishment 460

PPP Authentication Methods 461

Configuring PPP on Cisco Routers 461

Configuring PPP Authentication 461

Verifying PPP Encapsulation 462

Frame Relay 463

Introduction to Frame Relay Technology 463

Frame Relay Implementation and Monitoring 472

Integrated Services Digital Network(ISDN) 478

ISDN Connections 479

ISDN Components 479

Basic Rate Interface(BRI) 482

Primary Rate Interface(PRI) 483

ISDN with Cisco Routers 483

Dial-on-Demand Routing(DDR) 484

Configuring DDR 485

Optional Commands 488

DDR with Access Lists 489

Verifying the ISDN Operation 489

Exam Essentials 490

Summary 490

Key Terms 491

Commands Used in This Chapter 492

Written Lab 11 494

Hands-on Labs 495

Hands-on Lab 11.2:Configuring and Monitoring HDLC 497

Hands-on Lab 11.3:Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces 497

Hands-on Lab 11.4:Configuring ISDN and BRI Interfaces 499

Review Questions 501

Answers to Review Questions 505

Answers to Written Lab 11 506

Appendix A Commands in This Study Guide 509

Glossary 521