英语语言学PDF电子书下载

Chapter 1 Language and linguistics 1

1 What is human language 2

2 What is linguistics 8

Chapter 2 Language universals 15

1 Semantic universals 15

2 Phonological universals 17

3 Syntactic universals 18

4 Absolute universals 18

Chapter 3 The history of English Ⅰ：Old English 21

1 Languages in Britain before English 23

2 Old English 25

Chapter 4 The history of English Ⅱ：Middle English 30

1 The change from Old English to Middle English 30

2 Modern English 33

Chapter 5 Language acquisition and disorders 36

1 Child language acquisition 36

2 Language development and maturation 39

3 Second language acquisition 41

4 Language disorders 43

5 Errors 46

Chapter 6 Communication 50

1 Saussure's model of the speech circuit 51

2 Shannon's and Moles'communication models 52

3 Bühler's organon model 54

4 Jakobson's model of communicative functions 56

Chapter 7 Phonetics 59

1 Articulatory phonetics 60

2 Articulatory phonetics—vowels 64

Chapter 8 Phonology 67

1 Phonemes and allophones 67

2 Distinctive features 69

3 Redundant features 69

4 Rules of phonology 70

Chapter 9 Morphology 74

1 Types of morphemes 76

2 Morphology and word-formation 78

3 Word classes and sentence functions 103

Chapter 10 Syntax 106

1 Introduction 106

2 Traditional grammar 109

3 Structuralist approaches 110

4 PS grammar(Phrase structure grammar) 113

5 Transformational-generative grammar 116

6 Systemic-functional grammar 147

Chapter 11 Semantics 153

1 Some fundamental concepts of semantics 154

2 Several theories of meaning 156

3 Sense relations 164

Chapter 12 Pragmatics 185

1 Context and meaning 186

2 Speech act theory 188

3 Conversational analysis 192

4 The theory of conversational implicature 199

Chapter 13 Sociolinguistics 212

1 Micro-analysis of language variation 213

2 Macro-analysis of language variation in multilingual communities 239

Chapter 14 Language,thought and culture 256

1 Understanding of culture 256

2 Language and thought 259

Chapter 15 Text linguistics 268

1 Cohesion 269

2 Cohesive devices 269

3 Coherence 285

Chapter 16 Computational linguistics 292

1 Computer-assisted language learning 293

2 Machine translation 296

3 Corpus linguistics 299

4 Information retrieval 302

5 Mail and news 303

Chapter 17 Semiotics:Study of signs 305

References 356