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TPO 1 1

Passage 1 Groundwater 1

Passage 2 The Origins of Theater 3

Passage 3 Timberline Vegetation on Mountains 6

TPO 2 9

Passage 1 The Origins of Cetaceans 9

Passage 2 The Desert Formation 11

Passage 3 Early Cinema 13

TPO 3 16

Passage 1 Architecture 16

Passage 2 Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer 18

Passage 3 The Long-term Stability of Ecosystem 21

TPO 4 24

Passage 1 Deer Populations of the Puget Sound 24

Passage 2 Cave Art in Europe 26

Passage 3 Petroleum Resources 28

TPO 5 31

Passage 1 Minerals and Plants 31

Passage 2 The Origin of the Pacific Island People 33

Passage 3 The Cambrian Explosion 35

TPO 6 37

Passage 1 Powering the Industrial Revolution 37

Passage 2 William Smith 39

Passage 3 Infantile Amnesia 40

TPO 7 43

Passage 1 The Geologic History of Mediterranean 43

Passage 2 Ancient Rome and Greece 45

Passage 3 Agriculture,Iron,the Bantu People 47

TPO 8 49

Passage 1 The Rise of Teotihuacán 49

Passage 2 Extinction of the Dinosaurs 51

Passage 3 Running Water on Mars 53

TPO 9 55

Passage 1 Colonizing the Americas via the Northwest Coast 55

Passage 2 Reflection in Teaching 56

Passage 3 The Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii 58

TPO 10 61

Passage 1 Chinese Pottery 61

Passage 2 Variations in the Climate 63

Passage 3 Seventeenth-century European Economic Growth 65

TPO 11 68

Passage 1 Ancient Egyptian Sculpture 68

Passage 2 Orientation and Navigation 70

Passage 3 Begging by Nestlings 72

TPO 12 74

Passage 1 Which Hand Did They Use? 74

Passage 2 Transition to Sound in Film 76

Passage 3 Water in the Desert 78

TPO 13 80

Passage 1 Types of Social Groups 80

Passage 2 Biological Clocks 82

Passage 3 Methods of Studying Infant Perception 84

TPO 14 86

Passage 1 Children and Advertising 86

Passage 2 Maya Water Problems 88

Passage 3 Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia 89

TPO 15 92

Passage 1 A Warm-blooded Turtle 92

Passage 2 Mass Extinctions 93

Passage 3 Glacier Formation 95

TPO 16 98

Passage 1 Trade and the Ancient Middle East 98

Passage 2 Development of the Periodic Table 100

Passage 3 Planets in Our Solar System 101

TPO 17 104

Passage 1 Europe's Early Sea Trade with Asia 104

Passage 2 Animal Signals in the Rain Forest 106

Passage 3 Symbiotic Relationships 107

TPO 18 110

Passage 1 Industrialization in the Netherlands and Scandinavia 110

Passage 2 The Mystery of Yawning 112

Passage 3 Lightning 113

TPO 19 115

Passage 1 The Roman Army's Impact on Britain 115

Passage 2 Succession,Climax,and Ecosystems 117

Passage 3 Discovering the Ice Ages 120

TPO 20 122

Passage 1 Westward Migration 122

Passage 2 Early Settlements in the Southwest Asia 124

Passage 3 Fossil Preservation 126

附录1 全书词汇总表 129

附录2 140道经典词汇题 163