测量学原理与方法 英文版PDF电子书下载

Part 1 Conventional Surveying 3

Chapter 1 Introductory 3

1.1 Basic concepts of surveying 3

1.2 Basic principles in surveying 7

1.3 Survey references 7

1.4 Methods used in point locations 9

1.5 History of surveying 10

1.6 Exercises 14

Chapter 2 Leveling 15

2.1 Definition and principles of leveling 15

2.2 Elements of the surveyors'level 19

2.3 Types of instruments used in leveling 25

2.4 Methods of leveling 38

2.5 Accuracy in leveling 50

2.6 Mistakes in leveling 51

2.7 Suggestions for instrument and rod work 52

2.8 Exercises 53

Chapter 3 Angles and Directions—Theories 57

3.1 Reference directions for vertical angles 57

3.2 Horizontal angles 58

3.3 Three north directions 59

3.4 Azimuths and bearing 60

3.5 Exercises 66

Chapter 4 Instruments for Angles and Directions Surveying 69

4.1 Theodolites and transits 69

4.2 Magnetic azimuth(bearing)surveying:magnetic compass 98

4.3 True azimuth(bearing)surveying 100

4.4 Exercises 111

Chapter 5 Distance Measurement 114

5.1 Methods for distance determination 114

5.2 Taping 116

5.3 Electromagnetic distance measurement 123

5.4 Summary of distance measurement methods 137

5.5 Exercises 138

Chapter 6 Traverse Surveying 140

6.1 An introductory to traverses 140

6.2 Field work in traverse surveying 141

6.3 Office work in traverse surveying 145

6.4 Exercises 157

Chapter 7 Error Theories 159

7.1 Introduction 159

7.2 Relevant definitions 162

7.3 Law of errors propagation 165

7.4 The method of least square and its application 168

7.5 Calculation of standard deviation by true errors 177

7.6 Several examples using the law of errors propagation 180

7.7 Exercises 182

Chapter 8 Topographic Maps 185

8.1 Concepts of map and topographic map 185

8.2 Map scales and scale precisions 186

8.3 Map grids 187

8.4 Gauss-Krüger projection 188

8.5 Subdivisions and numbering of topographic maps 192

8.6 Map symbols 195

8.7 Application of topographic maps 201

8.8 Exercises 220

Chapter 9 Topographic Surveying 223

9.1 Background 223

9.2 Topographic control framework 223

9.3 Methods for detail surveys 225

9.4 Procedures of conventional topographic surveys 231

9.5 Digital mapping techniques 235

9.6 Exercises 237

Part 2 Modern Surveying 241

Chapter 10 Global Positioning Systems 241

10.1 Introduction 241

10.2 GPS configurations 242

10.3 Work principles of GPS 245

10.4 Geodetic aspects of GPS 252

10.5 GPS in practical surveys 256

10.6 Exercises 263

Chapter 11 Geographic Information Systems 265

11.1 General background of GIS 265

11.2 Activities and components of a GIS 268

11.3 Data collections of GIS 269

11.4 Data analysis 274

11.5 Practical applications of GIS 284

11.6 Some important concepts in GIS 285

11.7 Exercises 287

Chapter 12 Photogrammetry 288

12.1 An introductory background 288

12.2 Aerial photogrammetry 289

12.3 Terrestrial photography 301

12.4 Stereo-photography 304

12.5 Close-range photography 307

12.6 Applications of photography 307

12.7 Exercises 313

Referenced Bibliographies 314

Referenced Internet Resources 315

Appendix:Math Foundation 317