国际贸易进出口实务PDF电子书下载

Chapter 1 A Brief Introduction to International Trade 1

Section 1 International Trade and Its Importance 1

1.1 The Concept of International Trade 1

1.2 The Importance of International Trade 2

Section 2 Reasons of International Trade 3

2.1 Not Self-sufficient 3

2.2 Advantage Theories 4

2.3 Innovation and Pattern of Demand 6

Section 3 Forms of International Trade 6

3.1 Dealing 6

3.2 Agency 7

3.3 Consignment 7

3.4 Auction 8

3.5 Trade Fair 8

3.6 Invitation to Tender ＆ Submission of Tender 9

3.7 Counter-trade 10

3.8 Futures 11

Section 4 Barriers to International Trade 12

4.1 Natural Barrier 12

4.2 Tariff Barrier 13

4.3 Non-tariff Barrier 13

Words and Expressions 16

Notes 17

Tasks 23

Related Link 26

Chapter 2 The General Procedures of Import and Export Transaction 28

Section 1 Preparation Stage 28

1.1 Preparation for Export 28

1.2 Preparation for Import 32

Section 2 Business Negotiation 33

2.1 Enquiry 33

2.2 Offer 34

2.3 Counter-offer 35

2.4 Acceptance 36

2.5 Conclusion of a Contract 37

Section 3 Implementation of Contract 40

3.1 Preparing Goods for Shipment 40

3.2 Examination and Modification of the Letter of Credit 40

3.3 Chartering and Booking Shipping Space 40

3.4 Customs Formalities 41

3.5 Insuring Goods 41

3.6 Bank Negotiation 41

Section 4 Settlement of Disputes 41

Words and Expressions 42

Notes 42

Tasks 49

Related Link 51

Chapter 3 Name and Quality of Commodity 53

Section 1 Name of Commodity 53

Section 2 The Concept of Quality of Commodity 54

Section 3 Methods of Expressing Quality of Commodity 55

3.1 Sale by Description 55

3.2 Sale by Actual Quality 57

3.3 Sale by Samples 58

Section 4 Stipulations of Quality Clauses 59

4.1 The Clause of Quality Tolerance 59

4.2 The Clause of Quality Latitude 59

Section 5 Examples of Quality Clauses 60

Words and Expressions 60

Notes 61

Tasks 66

Related Link 68

Chapter 4 Quantity of Commodity 69

Section 1 The Concept of Quantity of Commodity 69

Section 2 Common Systems of Measurement and Measuring Units 69

2.1 Systems of Measurement 70

2.2 Measuring Units 70

Section 3 The Calculation of the Weight 71

3.1 By Gross Weight 71

3.2 By Net Weight 72

3.3 By Legal Weight 72

3.4 Net Net Weight 72

3.5 Conditioned Weight 72

3.6 Theoretical Weight 73

Section 4 The Stipulation of Quantity Allowance 73

4.1 More or Less Clause 73

4.2 The Stipulation of"About"and"Approximately" 74

Section 5 Examples of Quantity Clauses 74

Words and Expressions 75

Notes 75

Tasks 77

Related Link 79

Chapter 5 Packing of Commodity 81

Section 1 Significance of Packing 81

Section 2 Types of Packing 82

2.1 Nude Cargo,Bulk Cargo/Cargo in Bulk and Packed Cargo 82

2.2 Transport Packing 83

2.3 Sales Packing 85

2.4 Neutral Packing 86

2.5 Factors Influencing Choice of Packing 86

Section 3 Marking of Export Consignments 87

3.1 Shipping Mark 88

3.2 Handling Instructions and Warning Marks 89

3.3 Information Marks 92

Section 4 Packing Clauses in Contract 93

Words and Expressions 94

Notes 94

Tasks 96

Related Link 97

Chapter 6 Price Terms 99

Section 1 Function and Classification of Price Terms 99

1.1 The Function of Price Terms 99

1.2 The Analysis of Price 100

1.3 International Trade Practice Concerning Price Terms 101

1.4 The Classification of Price Terms 101

Section 2 Commonly Used Three Price Terms to Sea and Waterway Transportation 102

2.1 FOB(Free On Board...Named Port of Shipment) 102

2.2 CIF(Cost,Insurance and Freight...Named Port of Destination) 105

2.3 CFR(Cost and Freight...Named Port of Destination) 110

Section 3 Commonly Used Three Price Terms to Any Mode of Transportation 113

3.1 Interpretation of FCA,CIP and CPT 113

3.2 Comparison between FOB,CIF,CFR and FCA,CIP,CPT 114

Section 4 Other Price Terms 114

4.1 EXW(EX Works...Named Place) 114

4.2 FAS(Free Alongside Ship...Named Port of Shipment) 115

4.3 DAF(Delivered at Frontier...Named Place) 115

4.4 DES(Delivered EX Ship...Named Port of Destination) 115

4.5 DEQ(Delivered EX Quay...Named Port of Destination) 115

4.6 DDU(Delivered Duty Unpaid...Named Place of Destination) 116

4.7 DDP(Delivered Duty Paid...Named Place of Destination) 116

Section 5 Examples of Price Clauses 117

Words and Expressions 118

Notes 118

Tasks 130

Related Link 133

Chapter 7 International Payment 135

Section 1 Instruments of Payment 135

1.1 Bill of Exchange 136

1.2 Other Instruments of Payment 138

Section 2 Modes of Payment 139

2.1 Remittance 139

2.2 Collection 142

2.3 Letter of Credit 145

2.4 L/C Establishment,Examination and Amendment 149

2.5 The Comparison of UCP600 and UCP500 152

Section 3 Examples of Payment Clauses 153

Words and Expressions 155

Notes 155

Tasks 167

Related Link 172

Chapter 8 International Trade Financing Business 174

Section 1 Trade Financing Services Suited to Exporters 174

1.1 International Factoring 174

1.2 Forfeiting 177

1.3 Packing Loan 178

1.4 Outward Documentary Bill 179

1.5 Export Credit Insurance Financing 180

1.6 Seller's Credit 181

Section 2 Trade Financing Services Suited to Importers 182

2.1 Shipping Guarantee 182

2.2 Trust Receipt 183

2.3 Inward Documentary Bill 184

2.4 Buyer's Credit 184

Section 3 Examples of Trade Financing Clauses 185

Words and Expressions 186

Notes 186

Tasks 197

Related Link 199

Chapter 9 International Cargo Transportation 201

Section 1 The Concept of International Cargo Transportation 201

Section 2 Modes of International Cargo Transportation 202

2.1 Marine Transportation 202

2.2 Inland Waterway Transportation 204

2.3 Air Transportation 204

2.4 Railway Transportation 204

2.5 Road Transportation 205

2.6 Container Transportation 205

2.7 International Multi-modal Transportation 206

2.8 Parcel Post Transportation and Pipeline Transportation 206

Section 3 Shipping Documents 206

3.1 Bill of Lading 206

3.2 Other Shipping Documents 208

3.3 Other Related Documents 210

Section 4 Circulation of Booking Shipping Space 213

Section 5 The Stipulations of Shipment in Contract 215

5.1 Shipment Date 215

5.2 Port of Shipment and Port of Destination 216

5.3 Partial Shipment and Transshipment 217

Section 6 Examples of Shipment and Delivery Clauses 218

Words and Expressions 218

Notes 219

Tasks 224

Related Link 227

Chapter 10 Insurance of International Cargo Transportation 229

Section 1 An Introduction to Insurance 229

1.1 The Mechanism of Insurance 229

1.2 Parties Involved in Insurance 230

Section 2 Marine Insurance 230

2.1 The Concept of Marine Insurance 230

2.2 Marine Risks,Losses and Expenses 231

2.3 Marine Insurance Coverage 233

Section 3 London Insurance Institute Cargo Clauses 237

Section 4 Overland,Air Transportation and Parcel Post Insurance Under C.I.C 238

4.1 Overland Transportation Insurance 239

4.2 Air Transportation Insurance 239

4.3 Parcel Post Insurance 240

Section 5 Insurance Practice in Cargo Transportation 240

5.1 Selection of Insurance Coverage 241

5.2 Setting Insured Amount and Calculating Insurance Premium 242

5.3 Effecting Insurance 242

5.4 Acquisition of Insurance Documents 243

5.5 Insurance Claim 244

5.6 Stipulations Regarding Insurance on UCP600 245

Section 6 Examples of Insurance Clauses 246

Words and Expressions 248

Notes 249

Tasks 257

Related Link 260

Chapter 11 Inspection of Commodities 262

Section 1 The Concept of Inspection of Commodities 262

Section 2 Time and Place of Inspection 263

Section 3 Inspection Agency and Inspection Certificate 264

Section 4 Inspection Clauses in Sales Contract 266

Words and Expressions 266

Notes 267

Tasks 268

Related Link 269

Chapter 12 Settlement of Disputes 270

Section 1 Dispute 270

Section 2 Claim 271

2.1 Claim Clauses in Contract 272

2.2 Typical Claims 273

Section 3 Arbitration 273

Section 4 Force Majeure 275

Words and Expressions 276

Notes 276

Tasks 278

Related Link 279

Chapter 13 E-commerce and International Trade 280

Section 1 E-commerce and Traditional Chinese Export Trade Method 280

1.1 E-commerce Development in China 280

1.2 The Functions of E-commerce in Chinese Export Trade 281

1.3 The Challenge of E-commerce on Traditional Export Trade 282

1.4 The Combination of E-commerce and Traditional Export Trade Method 284

Section 2 EDI 286

2.1 The Definition of EDI 286

2.2 EDI Advantage 286

2.3 EDI Requirements 287

2.4 EDI Process 287

Section 3 Examples of E-commerce Clauses 288

Words and Expressions 289

Notes 290

Tasks 292

Related Link 294

Chapter 14 Trade Organizations 296

Section 1 World Trade Organization 296

1.1 Introduction to WTO 296

1.2 History of WTO 297

1.3 Principles of the Trading System under WTO 298

1.4 WTO and China 302

Section 2 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development(UNCTAD) 304

2.1 Introduction to UNCTAD 304

2.2 Aims and Functions of UNCTAD 304

Section 3 Other Regional Trade Organizations 305

3.1 European Union(EU) 305

3.2 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) 307

3.3 North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) 307

Words and Expressions 308

Notes 308

Tasks 311

Related Link 312

Appendix Ⅰ References to the Task 314

Appendix Ⅱ 国际贸易常用单据 316

Appendix Ⅲ 常用商贸词汇 343

Appendix Ⅳ 英汉对照国际贸易实用缩写术语 348

参考文献 368