新托福考试综合教程PDF电子书下载

SECTION ONE:READING 1

READING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST: 2

Aggression 3

READING OVERVIEW 8

READING SKILLS 10

VOCABULARY AND REFERENCE 10

SKILL 1 UNDERSTAND VOCABULARY FROM CONTEXT 10

Reading Exercise 1 13

Smog 13

Autism 14

Parasitic Plants 15

Edna Ferber 16

SKILL 2 RECOGNIZE REFERENTS 17

Reading Exercise 2 19

Animal Congregation 19

Chromium Compounds 20

New World Epidemics 21

Horatio Alger,Jr. 22

Reading Review Exercise(Skills 1-2) 23

Coral Colonies 23

SENTENCES 26

SKILL 3 SIMPLIFY MEANINGS OF SENTENCES 26

Reading Exercise 3 28

Camouflage 28

Post-it？Notes 29

The Pulitzer Prize 31

Competition and Cooperation 33

SKILL 4 INSERT SENTENCES INTO THE PASSAGE 35

Reading Exercise 4 37

Popcorn 37

Lions 38

Accidental Inventions 39

Uranium 40

Reading Exercise(Skills 3-4) 41

Theodore Dreiser 41

Reading Review Exercise(Skills 1-4) 45

Pulsars 45

DETAILS 49

SKILL 5 FIND FACTUAL INFORMATION 49

Reading Exercise 5 51

Lake Baikal 51

The Postage Stamp 52

The Clovis Culture 53

Brown Dwarfs 54

SKILL 6 UNDERSTAND NEGATIVE FACTS 56

Reading Exercise 6 59

Flatfish 59

Limestone Caves 60

Wrigley's Chewing Gum 61

Dissociative Identity Disorder 62

Reading Exercise(Skills 5-6) 63

John Muir 63

Reading Review Exercise(Skills 1-6) 66

Caretaker Speech 66

INFERENCES 70

SKILL 7 MAKE INFERENCES FROM STATED FACTS 70

Reading Exercise 7 72

Tiger Moths 72

The Cambrian Explosion 73

The Golden Age of Comics 74

The Filibuster 75

SKILL 8 INFER RHETORICAL PURPOSE 76

Reading Exercise 8 78

Xerography 78

Demographic Change 79

The Hubble Telescope 81

Territoriality 82

Reading Exercise(Skills 7-8) 83

Ella Deloria 83

Reading Review Exercise(Skills 1-8) 87

Early Autos 87

READING TO LEARN 91

SKILL 9 SELECT SUMMARY INFORMATION 91

Reading Exercise 9 94

Island Plant Life 94

Ben and Jerry 95

The Bald Eagle 96

Modernism in Art 97

SKILL 10 COMPLETE SCHEMATIC TABLES 98

Reading Exercise 10 101

Sand Dunes 101

A Surprising Connection 102

Carnivorous Plants 103

William Faulkner 104

Reading Exercise(Skills 9-10) 105

Species 105

Reading Review Exercise(Skills 1-10) 107

Decisions 107

READING POST-TEST 111

Aquatic Schools 112

SECTION TWO:LISTENING 117

LISTENING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST 118

A Problem with a Class 119

Sleep 121

LISTENING OVERVIEW 123

LISTENING SKILLS 125

BASIC COMPREHENSION 125

SKILL 1 UNDERSTAND THE GIST 125

Listening Exercise 1 128

An Engineering Course 128

The Grade Report 128

Lakes 129

Meteorology 129

SKILL 2 UNDERSTAND THE DETAILS 130

Listening Exercise 2 133

A Parking Sticker 133

A Drama Class 134

Early Teachers 135

Iron Pyrite 136

Listening Review Exercise(Skills 1-2) 137

An Anthropology Paper 137

PRAGMATIC UNDERSTANDING 139

SKILL 3 UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION 139

Listening Exercise 3 143

The Library 143

The Transcript 144

The Opossum 145

Venus 146

SKILL 4 UNDERSTAND THE SPEAKER'S STANCE 148

Listening Exercise 4 152

Course Load 152

A Questionnaire 153

Iroquois Houses 154

Hail 155

Listening Exercise(Skills 3-4) 156

The Fugio Coin 156

Listening Review Exercise(Skills 1-4) 158

Hibernation 158

CONNECTING INFORMATION 160

SKILL 5 UNDERSTAND THE ORGANIZATION 160

Listening Exercise 5 164

Tropism 164

Fossils 165

Clarence Darrow 166

Fractures 167

SKILL 6 UNDERSTAND RELATIONSHIPS 168

Listening Exercise 6 170

A Placement Test 170

A Term Paper 170

Conifers 171

Presentation 172

Listening Exercise(Skills 5-6) 173

The Outer Banks 173

Listening Review Exercise(Skills 1-6) 175

Leaf Arrangements 175

LISTENING POST-TEST 177

The Music Project 178

The Great Lakes 180

SECTION THREE:SPEAKING 183

SPEAKING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST 184

A Good Teacher 185

Vacation Preferences 185

Registering for Classes 186

Nonverbal Communication 187

A Problem in French Class 188

Echolocation 188

SPEAKING OVERVIEW 189

SPEAKING SKILLS 192

INDEPENDENT TASKS 192

SKILL 1 PLAN THE FREE-CHOICE RESPONSE 192

Speaking Exercise 1 193

Characteristics of a Good Neighbor 193

Your Favorite Holiday 193

Which Person Helped the Most 194

Ten Million Dollars 194

Your Dream House 194

Your Favorite Food 194

Characteristics of a Good Parent 195

Where You Want to Live 195

The Person You Want to Meet 195

Where You Will Take the TOEFL Test 195

SKILL 2 MAKE THE FREE-CHOICE RESPONSE 196

Speaking Exercise 2 197

Speaking Review Exercise(Skills 1-2) 197

Your Job 197

Driver Age 197

Student Excuses 197

Your Favorite Day 197

Government Changes 197

SKILL 3 PLAN THE PAIRED-CHOICE RESPONSE 197

Speaking Exercise 3 199

Large or Small Class 199

Dinner at Home or Dinner Out 199

Marriage Before or After Age Thirty 199

Preferred Type of Exams 200

Trip by Plane or Train 200

Big City or Small Town 200

Study Alone or with Friends 200

Play or Watch Sports 201

Opera or a Football Game 201

TOEFL Test or a Math Test 201

SKILL 4 MAKE THE PAIRED-CHOICE RESPONSE 202

Speaking Exercise 4 203

Speaking Review Exercise(Skills 3-4) 203

Teacher Mistakes 203

Taking Chances or Playing It Safe 203

Career Choices 203

Decision Making 203

Obeying Parents 203

INTEGRATED TASKS(READING AND LISTENING) 204

SKILL 5 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU READ 204

Speaking Exercise 5 205

Bicycle Parking on Campus 205

A Professor's Retirement 205

Part of a Class Syllabus 206

SKILL 6 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU LISTEN 206

Speaking Exercise 6 208

Bicycle Parking on Campus 208

A Professor's Retirement 208

Part of a Class Syllabus 209

SKILL 7 PLAN BEFORE YOU SPEAK 209

Speaking Exercise 7 211

SKILL 8 MAKE THE RESPONSE 212

Speaking Exercise 8 213

Speaking Review Exercise(Skills 5-8) 213

History Syllabus 213

SKILL 9 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU READ 214

Speaking Exercise 9 215

The Dead Sea 215

Polling 215

The Polynesian Migration 216

SKILL 10 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU LISTEN 216

Speaking Exercise 10 217

The Dead Sea 217

Polling 218

The Polynesian Migration 218

SKILL 11 PLAN BEFORE YOU SPEAK 219

Speaking Exercise 11 220

SKILL 12 MAKE THE RESPONSE 221

Speaking Exercise 12 222

Speaking Review Exercise(Skills 9-12) 222

The Equity Theory 222

INTEGRATED TASKS(LISTENING) 223

SKILL 13 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU LISTEN 223

Speaking Exercise 13 225

Choosing a Professor 225

Study Habits 225

An Independent Study Project 226

SKILL 14 PLAN BEFORE YOU SPEAK 227

Speaking Exercise 14 228

SKILL 15 MAKE THE RESPONSE 229

Speaking Exercise 15 230

Speaking Review Exercise(Skills 13-15) 230

Bored in Class 230

SKILL 16 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU LISTEN 231

Speaking Exercise 16 232

The Bank Holiday of 1933 232

Creativity 233

The Amazon River 233

SKILL 17 PLAN BEFORE YOU SPEAK 234

Speaking Exercise 17 235

SKILL 18 MAKE THE RESPONSE 236

Speaking Exercise 18 237

Speaking Review Exercise(Skills 16-18) 237

SAD 237

SPEAKING POST-TEST 238

An Admirable Person 239

Getting News 239

A Cafeteria Problem 240

Social Environments 241

A Class Schedule Problem 242

Life on Mars 242

SECTION FOUR:WRITING 243

WRITING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST 244

Human Memory 245

A News Story 246

WRITING OVERVIEW 247

WRITING SKILLS 249

INTEGRATED TASK 249

SKILL 1 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU READ 249

Writing Exercise 1 251

Homeschooling 251

Polysemy 251

Margaret Mead's Research 252

SKILL 2 NOTE THE MAIN POINTS AS YOU LISTEN 253

Writing Exercise 2 255

Homeschooling 255

Polysemy 256

Margaret Mead's Research 256

SKILL 3 PLAN BEFORE YOU WRITE 257

Writing Exercise 3 259

SKILL 4 WRITE A TOPIC STATEMENT 260

Writing Exercise 4 262

SKILL 5 WRITE SUPPORTING PARAGRAPHS ON READING PASSAGES 263

Writing Exercise 5 264

SKILL 6 WRITE SUPPORTING PARAGRAPHS ON LISTENING PASSAGES 265

Writing Exercise 6 267

SKILL 7 REVIEW SENTENCE STRUCTURE 268

Writing Exercise 7 269

Management Styles 269

Earthquake Waves 269

SKILL 8 REVIEW GRAMMAR 270

Writing Exercise 8 270

American English Spelling 270

Aversive Conditioning 271

Writing Review Exercise(Skills 1-8) 272

Stonehenge 272

INDEPENDENT TASK 273

SKILL 9 PLAN BEFORE YOU WRITE 273

Writing Exercise 9 274

Relieving Stress 274

A Famous Place to Visit 274

Actions or Words 275

Yourself Today and Five Years Ago 275

Team or Individual Sports 275

The Best Age to Marry 275

Characteristics of a Good Teacher 276

Haste Makes Waste 276

Learning a New Language 276

The TOEFL Test 276

SKILL 10 WRITE THE INTRODUCTION 277

Writing Exercise 10 278

SKILL 11 WRITE UNIFIED SUPPORTING PARAGRAPHS 281

Writing Exercise 11 283

SKILL 12 CONNECT THE SUPPORTING PARAGRAPHS 284

Writing Exercise 12 285

SKILL 13 WRITE THE CONCLUSION 287

Writing Exercise 13 288

SKILL 14 REVIEW SENTENCE STRUCTURE 290

Writing Exercise 14 291

Team Sports 291

SKILL 15 REVIEW GRAMMAR 292

Writing Exercise 15 293

University and High School Studies 293

Writing Review Exercise(Skills 9-15) 293

Emotions 293

WRITING POST-TEST 294

Unintended Consequences 295

Safe or Sorry 296

MINI-TESTS 297

MINI-TEST 1 297

Reading Migration 298

Listening Science Lab 303

The Little House Books 305

Speaking Leader of the Country 308

History Films 308

Formation of Glaciers 309

Writing Garlic 311

MINI-TEST 2 313

Reading Birth Order 314

Listening Confused Assignment 319

Cross-Dating 321

Speaking Getting Up Early 324

Leadership Roles 324

Meeting on Exam Schedule 325

Writing Historical Event 327

MINI-TEST 3 329

Reading Ketchup 330

Listening Biology Class 335

Gem Cuts 337

Speaking Hometown 341

Library Rules 341

Split Infinitives 342

Writing Scientific Management 344

MINI-TEST 4 345

Reading Estuaries 346

Listening Cumulative Exam 351

Mountains 353

Speaking Kinds of Exams 356

Nullification 356

Psychology Class 357

Writing Working for Others 359

MINI-TEST 5 361

Reading Schizophrenia 362

Listening Scholarship 367

Atolls 369

Speaking A Good Friend 372

Student Assistant Positions 372

Zero-Sum Economies 373

Writing Catch-22 375

MINI-TEST 6 377

Reading Exxon Valdez 378

Listening Schedule Plan 383

Animal Hearing 385

Speaking Million Dollars 388

Formation of the Solar System 388

Rescheduled Speaker 389

Writing Visitors to Your Country 391

MINI-TEST 7 393

Reading Plate Tectonics 394

Listening Group Project 399

The Trumpet 401

Speaking Studying English 404

Discussion Class 404

NIMBY 405

Writing Supernovas 407

MINI-TEST 8 409

Reading Limners 410

Listening General Studies 415

Carbon 417

Speaking Big Party 420

Somnambulism 420

Questioning the Professor 421

Writing Violence in Movies 423

COMPLETE TESTS 425

COMPLETE TEST 1 425

Reading 1 Prehistoric Astronomers 426

Reading 2 Truman and the Railroads 431

Reading 3 Mathematical Bases 435

Listening Student Newspaper 441

The Great Salt Lake 443

Kleenex 445

Exam Grade 448

Hawaii 450

Three-Mile Island 452

Speaking Dream Job 455

Group Paper 455

Spring Show 456

Great Ape Communication 457

Dreaded Science Class 458

Mercantilism 458

Writing Venus 460

Family Traditions 461

COMPLETE TEST 2 463

Reading 1 Navigational Devices 464

Reading 2 The Neanderthals 469

Reading 3 The Silent Era 473

Listening Grade Report 478

Washington,D.C. 480

The Letter C 482

The Space Shuttle 485

Caves 487

The Compound Eye 489

Speaking Favorite Movie 492

Telling a Lie 492

Business Internships 493

Supersonic Speed 494

Proiect Done Bit by Bit 495

Multiple Personality Disorder 495

Writing Social Promotion 497

Good Leader 498

APPENDIXES 499

APPENDIX A Cohesion 499

APPENDIX B Sentence Structure 507

APPENDIX C Error Correction(Grammar) 514

DIAGNOSIS,ASSESSMENT,AND SCORING 551

Overall Scores 553

Reading Diagnosis and Scoring 554

Listening Diagnosis and Scoring 558

Speaking Assessment and Scoring 562

Writing Assessment and Scoring 573

RECORDING SCRIPT 580

ANSWER KEY 647