第一篇 总论 3
第1章 蛇类在自然界的位置及其与人类的关系 3
第1节 蛇类在自然界的位置 3
第2节 蛇类在人类医药中的价值 4
第3节 蛇类的其他经济价值 5
第4节 蛇类在维持自然生态平衡中的作用 5
第5节 人类啊,你可要仔细思量! 5
第2章 蛇类的特征和它们在自然界的近缘 7
第1节 蛇类的形态特征 7
第2节 蛇类在自然界的近缘 7
第3节 怎样区别蛇与蜥蜴 8
第3章 蛇亚目的分类研究 9
第1节 蛇亚目分类研究的历史概要 9
第2节 蛇亚目分类研究的现状 13
第3节 中国及其邻国蛇类志或专类著作的编写 14
第4节 世界蛇亚目的分科 17
第5节 我国蛇类分类研究的若干问题 20
第4章 蛇类的生活 23
第1节 蛇类的生活方式 23
第2节 蛇类的运动 24
第3节 蛇类的感官及其功能 27
第4节 蛇类的活动规律 30
第5节 蛇类的食性和摄食 31
第6节 蛇类的繁殖 33
第7节 蛇类的生长、蜕皮和寿命 35
第5章 我国古代关于蛇类的认识 37
第1节 对蛇的分类地位和蛇种类的认识 37
第2节 对蛇的形态及生活习性的观察 39
第3节 对蛇的解剖、生理及在自然生态平衡中的作用的认识 39
第4节 对毒蛇危害的认识 40
第5节 对毒蛇咬伤的治疗及其预防思想 41
第6节 李时珍在分类方面的贡献 41
第6章 现代我国学者对蛇类的科学研究 44
第二篇 分类检索 63
第1章 分类检索常用名词术语 63
第2章 蛇类的测量 70
第3章 蛇亚目检索至中国各科 71
第4章 中国各科检索至中国各属 73
Ⅰ.盲蛇科TYPHLOPIDAE检索至中国各属 73
Ⅶ.蝰科VIPERIDAE 73
Ⅷ.游蛇科COLUBRIDAE 74
Ⅸ.眼镜蛇科ELAPIDAE 78
第5章 中国各科、属检索至中国各种 81
Ⅰ.盲蛇科各属检索至中国各种 81
Ⅲ.闪鳞蛇科闪鳞蛇属检索至中国各种 81
Ⅶ.蝰科各属检索至中国各种 81
Ⅷ.游蛇科各属检索至中国各种 86
Ⅸ.眼镜蛇科各属检索至中国各种 98
第三篇 各论 103
Ⅰ.盲蛇科TYPHLOPIDAE 103
(1)钩盲蛇属Ramphotyphlops Fitzinger,1843 103
1.白头钩盲蛇Ramphotyphlops albiceps(Boulenger,1898) 103
2.钩盲蛇Ramphotyphlops braminus(Daudin,1803) 104
(2)盲蛇属Typhlops Oppel,1811 105
3.大盲蛇Typhlops diardii Schlegel,1839 105
3a.大盲蛇指名亚种Typhlops diardi diardi Schlegel,1839 106
3b.大盲蛇密勒亚种Typhlops diardi muelleri Schlegel,1839 106
4.恒春盲蛇Typhlops koshunensis ?shima,1916 106
5.香港盲蛇Typhlops lazelli Wallach and Pauwels,2004 107
Ⅱ.筒蛇科CYLINDROPHIIDAE 108
(3)筒蛇属Cylindrophis Wagler,1828 108
6.红尾筒蛇Cylindrophis ruffus(Laurenti,1768) 108
6a.红尾筒蛇指名亚种Cylindrophis ruffus ruffus(Laurenti 1768) 109
6b.红尾筒蛇缅甸亚种Cylindrophis ruffus burmanus Smith 1943 109
Ⅲ.闪鳞蛇科XENOPELTIDAE 110
(4)闪鳞蛇属Xenopeltis Reinwardt,1827 110
7.海南闪鳞蛇Xenopeltis hainanensis Hu and Zhao,1972 110
7a.海南闪鳞蛇指名亚种Xenopeltis hainanensis hainanensis Hu and Zhao,1972 111
7b.海南闪鳞蛇大陆亚种Xenopeltis hainanensis jidamingae Zhao,1995 111
8.闪鳞蛇Xenopeltis unicolor Reinwardt,1827 111
Ⅳ.蟒科BOIDAE 112
(5)沙蟒属Eryx Daudin,1803 112
9.红沙蟒—东方沙蟒复合体Eryx miliaris-tataricus complex 113
9a.红沙蟒Eryx miliaris(Pallas,1773) 114
9b.东方沙蟒Eryx tataricus(Lichtenstein,1823) 114
Ⅴ.蚺科PYTHONIDAE 114
(6)蚺属Pyhon Daudin,1803 114
10.蚺Python molurus(Linnaeus,1758) 115
10a.蚺双带亚种(蟒蛇)Python molurus bivittatus Kuhl,1820 115
Ⅵ.瘰鳞蛇科ACROCHORDIDAE 116
(7)瘰鳞蛇属Acrochordus Hornstedt,1787 116
11.瘰鳞蛇Acrochordus granulatus(Schneider,1799) 116
Ⅶ.蝰科VIPERIDAE 117
Ⅶa.白头蝰亚科Azemiopinae 117
(8)白头蝰属Azemiops Boulenger,1888 117
12.白头蝰Azemiops feae Boulenger,1888 117
Ⅶb.蝮亚科Crotalinae 118
(9)尖吻蝮属Deinagkistrodon Gloyd,1979 119
13.尖吻蝮Deinagkistrodon acutus(Günther,1888) 119
(10)亚洲蝮属Gloydius Hoge and Romano-Hoge,1981 121
14.短尾蝮Gloydius brevicaudus(Stejneger,1907) 121
15.中介蝮Gloydius intermedius(Strauch,1868) 123
16.岩栖蝮Gloydius saxatilis(Emelianov,1937) 125
17.蛇岛蝮Gloydius shedaoensis(Zhao,1979) 126
18.高原蝮Gloydius strauchi(Bedriaga,1912) 127
18a.高原蝮指名亚种Gloydius strauchi strauchi(Bedriage,1912) 128
18b.高原蝮雪山亚种Gloydius strauchi monticola(Werner,1922) 129
19.乌苏里蝮Gloydius ussuriensis(Emelianov,1929) 129
(11~14)广义竹叶青蛇属Trimeresurus(sensu lato)Lacepède,1804 130
(11)烙铁头蛇属Ovophis Burger,1981 131
20.山烙铁头蛇Ovophis monticola(Günther,1864) 131
20a.山烙铁头蛇指名亚种Ovophis monticola monticola(Günther,1864) 132
20b.山烙铁头蛇台湾亚种Ovophis monticola makazayazaya(Takahashi,1922) 133
20c.山烙铁头蛇贡山亚种Ovophis monticola zhaokentangi Zhao,1995 133
21.察隅烙铁头蛇Ovophis zayuensis(Jiang,1977) 133
(12)原矛头蝮属Protobothrops Hoge and Romano-Hoge,1983 134
22.菜花原矛头蝮Protobothrops jerdonii(Günther,1875) 134
23.缅北原矛头蝮Protobothrops kaulbacki(Smith,1940) 136
24.原矛头蝮Protobothrops mucrosquamatus(Cantor,1839) 137
25.乡城原矛头蝮Protobothrops xiangchengensis(Zhao,Jiang,and Huang,1978) 138
(13)竹叶青蛇属Trimeresurus Lacepède,1804 139
26.白唇竹叶青蛇Trimeresurus albolabris(Gray,1842) 139
27.台湾竹叶青蛇Trimeresurus gracilis ?shima,1920 140
28.墨脱竹叶青蛇Trimeresurus medoensis Zhao,1977 141
29.福建竹叶青蛇Trimeresurus stejnegeri Schmidt,1925 142
29a.福建竹叶青蛇指名亚种Trimeresurus stejnegeri stejnegeri Schmidt,1925 143
29b.福建竹叶青蛇海南亚种Trimeresurus stejnegeri chenbihuii Zhao,1995 144
30.西藏竹叶青蛇Trimeresurus tibetanus Huang,1982 144
31.云南竹叶青蛇Trimeresurus yunnanensis Schmidt,1925 145
(14)莽山烙铁头蛇属Zhaoermia Gumprecht and Tillack,2004 146
32.莽山烙铁头蛇Zhaoermia mangshanensis(Zhao,1990) 146
Ⅶc.蝰亚科Viperinae 147
(15)圆斑蝰属Daboia Gray,1842 148
33.圆斑蝰泰国亚种Daboia russellii siamensis(Smith,1917) 148
(16)蝰属Vipera Laurenti,1768 149
34.极北蝰Vipera berus(Linnaeus,1758) 149
35.草原蝰Vipera ursinii(Bonaparte,1835) 151
Ⅷ.游蛇科COLUBRIDAE 152
(17)脊蛇属Achalinus Peters,1869 152
36.青脊蛇Achalinus ater Bourret,1937 152
37.台湾脊蛇Achalinus formosanus Boulenger,1908 153
38.海南脊蛇Achalinus hainanus Huang,1975 154
39.井冈山脊蛇Achalinus jinggangensis(Zong and Ma,1983) 154
40.美姑脊蛇Achalinus meiguensis Hu and Zhao,1966 155
41.阿里山脊蛇Achalinus niger Maki,1931 156
42.棕脊蛇Achalinus rufescens Boulenger,1888 157
43.黑脊蛇Achalinus spinalis Peters,1869 157
(18)瘦蛇属Ahaetulla Link,1807 158
44.绿瘦蛇Ahaetulla prasina Reinwardt,1827 159
(19)腹链蛇属Amphiesma Duméril,Bibron,and Duméril,1854 160
45.无颞鳞腹链蛇Amphiesma atemporalis(Bourret,1934) 160
46.黑带腹链蛇Amphiesma bitaeniatum(Wall,1925) 161
47.白眉腹链蛇Amphiesma boulengeri(Gressitt,1937) 162
48.锈链腹链蛇Amphiesma craspedogaster(Boulenger,1899) 163
49.棕网腹链蛇Amphiesma johannis(Boulenger,1908) 164
50.卡西腹链蛇Amphiesma khasiensis(Boulenger,1890) 164
51.瓦屋山腹链蛇Amphiesma metusium Inger,Zhao,Shaffer,and Wu,1990 165
52.台北腹链蛇Amphiesma miyajimae(Maki,1931) 166
53.腹斑腹链蛇Amphiesma modestum(Günther,1875) 166
54.八线腹链蛇Amphiesma octolineatum(Boulenger,1904) 167
55.丽纹腹链蛇Amphiesma optatum(Hu and Zhao,1966) 168
56.双带腹链蛇Amphiesma parallelum(Boulenger,1890) 169
57.平头腹链蛇Amphiesma platyceps(Blyth,1854) 170
58.坡普腹链蛇Amphiesma popei(Schmidt,1925) 171
59.棕黑腹链蛇Amphiesma sauteri(Boulenger,1909) 171
59a.棕黑腹链蛇指名亚种Amphiesma sauteri sauteri(Boulenger,1909) 172
59b.棕黑腹链蛇华西亚种Amphiesma sauteri maxima Malnate,1962 173
59c.棕黑腹链蛇越北亚种Amphiesma sauteri bourreti Malnate,1962 173
60.草腹链蛇Amphiesma stolatum(Linnaeus,1758) 173
61.缅北腹链蛇Amphiesma venningi(Wall,1910) 174
61a.缅北腹链蛇指名亚种Amphiesma venningi venningi(Wall,1910) 175
61b.缅北腹链蛇他弄亚种Amphiesma venningi taronensis(Smith,1943) 175
62.东亚腹链蛇Amphiesma vibakari(Boie,1826) 175
62a.东亚腹链蛇指名亚种Amphiesma vibakari vibakari(Boie,1826) 176
62b.东亚腹链蛇大陆亚种Amphiesma vibakari ruthveni(VanDenburgh,1923) 176
(20)白眶蛇属Amphiesmoides Malnate,1961 176
63.白眶蛇Amphiesmoides ornaticeps(Werner,1924) 176
(21)滇西蛇属Atretium Cope,1861 177
64.滇西蛇Atretium yunnanensis Anderson,1879 177
(22)珠光蛇属Blythia Theobald,1868 178
65.珠光蛇Blythia reticulata(Blyth,1854) 178
(23)林蛇属Boiga Fitzinger,1826 179
66.绿林蛇Boiga cyanea(Duméril,Bibron,and Duméril,1854) 179
67.广西林蛇Boiga guangxiensis Wen,1998 180
68.绞花林蛇Boiga kraepelini Stejneger,1902 181
69.繁花林蛇Boiga multomaculata(Reinwardt,1827) 182
(24)两头蛇属Calamaria Boie,1826 183
70.尖尾两头蛇Calamaria pavimentata Duméril,Bibron,and Duméril,1854 183
71.钝尾两头蛇Calamaria septentrionalis Boulenger,1890 184
72.云南两头蛇Calamaria yunnanensis Chernov,1962 184
(25)金花蛇属Chrysopelea Boie,1826 185
73.金花蛇Chrysopelea ornata(Shaw,1802) 185
(26)游蛇属Coluber Linnaeus,1758 186
74.花脊游蛇Coluber ravergieri Ménétriés,1832 187
75.黄脊游蛇Coluber spinalis(Peters,1866) 188
(27)翠青蛇属Cyclophiops Boulenger,1888 189
76.纯绿翠青蛇Cyclophiops doriae(Boulenger,1888) 189
77.翠青蛇Cyclophiops major(Günther,1858) 189
78.横纹翠青蛇Cyclophiops multicinctus(Roux,1907) 190
(28)过树蛇属Dendrelaphis Boulenger,1890 191
79.喜山过树蛇Dendrelaphis gorei(Wall,1910) 191
80.过树蛇Dendrelaphis pictus(Gmelin,1789) 192
81.八莫过树蛇Dendrelaphis subocularis(Boulenger,1888) 193
(29)链蛇属Dinodon Duméril,1853 193
82.黄链蛇Dinodonflavozonatum Pope,1928 194
83.粉链蛇Dinodon rosozonatum Hu and Zhao,1972 194
84.赤链蛇Dinodon rufozonatum(Cantor,1842) 195
85.白链蛇Dinodon septentrionale(Günther,1875) 196
(30)锦蛇属Elaphe Fitzinger,1833 197
86.赤峰锦蛇Elaphe anomala(Boulenger,1916) 197
87.双斑锦蛇Elaphe bimaculata Schmidt,1925 198
88.王锦蛇Elaphe carinata(Günther,1864) 199
89.团花锦蛇Elaphe davidi(Sauvage,1884) 200
90.白条锦蛇Elaphe dione(Pallas,1773) 201
91.灰腹绿锦蛇Elaphe frenata(Gray,1853) 202
92.南峰锦蛇Elaphe hodgsonii(Günther,1860) 203
93.玉斑锦蛇Elaphe mandarina(Cantor,1842) 204
94.百花锦蛇Elaphe moellendorffi(Boettger,1886) 205
95.横斑锦蛇Elaphe perlacea Stejneger,1929 206
96.紫灰锦蛇Elaphe porphyracea(Cantor,1839) 207
96a.紫灰锦蛇指名亚种Elaphe porphyracea porphyracea(Cantor,1839) 207
96b.紫灰锦蛇海南亚种Elaphe porphyracea hainana Mell,1931 208
96c.紫灰锦蛇黑线亚种Elaphe porphyracea nigrofasciata(Cantor,1839) 208
97.绿锦蛇Elaphe prasina(Blyth,1854) 208
98.三索锦蛇Elaphe radiata(Schlegel,1837) 209
99.棕黑锦蛇Elaphe schrenckii(Strauch,1873) 210
100.黑眉锦蛇Elaphe taeniura Cope,1861 210
(31)水蛇属Enhydris Latreille,1801 212
101.黑斑水蛇Enhydris bennettii(Gray,1842) 212
102.中国水蛇Enhydris chinensis(Gray,1842) 213
103.铅色水蛇Enhydris plumbea(Boie,1827) 214
(32)滑鳞蛇属Liopeltis Fitzinger,1843 214
104.滑鳞蛇Liopeltis frenatus(Günther,1858) 215
(33)白环蛇属Lycodon Boie,1826 215
105.白环蛇Lycodon aulicus(Linnaeus,1758) 215
106.双全白环蛇Lycodon fasciatus(Anderson,1879) 216
107.老挝白环蛇Lycodon laoensis Günther,1864 217
108.黑背白环蛇Lycodon ruhstrati(Fischer,1886) 217
109.细白环蛇Lycodon subcinctus Reinwardt,1827 218
(34)颈棱蛇属Macropisthodon Boulenger,1893 219
110.颈棱蛇Macropisthodon rudis Boulenger,1906 219
110a.颈棱蛇指名亚种Macropisthodon rudis rudis Boulenger,1906 220
110b.颈棱蛇西昌亚种Macropisthodon rudis multiprefrontalis Zhao and Jiang,1981 220
(35)水游蛇属Natrix Laurenti,1768 221
111.水游蛇Natrix natrix(Linnaeus,1758) 221
112.棋斑水游蛇Natrix tessellata(Laurenti,1768) 222
(36)小头蛇属Oligodon Boie,1827 223
113.喜山小头蛇Oligodon albocinctus(Cantor,1839) 223
114.方花小头蛇Oligodon bellus(Stanley,1917) 224
115.菱斑小头蛇Oligodon catenata(Blyth,1854) 224
116.中国小头蛇Oligodon chinensis(Günther,1888) 225
117.紫棕小头蛇Oligodon cinereus(Günther,1864) 226
117a.紫棕小头蛇指名亚种Oligodon cinereus cinereus(Günther,1864) 227
117b.紫棕小头蛇三岛山亚种Oligodon cinereus tamdaoensis(Bourret,1935) 227
118.管状小头蛇Oligodon cyclurus(Cantor,1839) 227
119.台湾小头蛇Oligodon formosanus(Günther,1872) 228
120.泰北小头蛇Oligodon joynsoni(Smith,1917) 229
121.圆斑小头蛇Oligodon lacroixi Angel and Bourret,1933 229
122.龙胜小头蛇Oligodon lungshenensis Cheng and Huang,1978 230
123.黑带小头蛇Oligodon melanozonatus Wall,1922 231
124.横纹小头蛇Oligodon multizonatus Zhao and Jiang,1981 232
125.宁陕小头蛇Oligodon ningshaanensis Yuan,1983 232
126.饰纹小头蛇Oligodon ornatus VanDenburgh,1909 233
127.四线小头蛇Oligodon taeniatus Günther,1861 234
(37)滞卵蛇属Oocatochus Helfenberger,2001 235
128.红纹滞卵蛇Oocatochus rufodorsatus(Cantor,1842) 235
(38)后棱蛇属Opisthotropis Günther,1872 236
129.香港后棱蛇Opisthotropis andersonii(Boulenger,1888) 236
130.横纹后棱蛇Opisthotropis balteata(Cope,1895) 237
131.莽山后棱蛇Opisthotropis cheni Zhao,1999 238
132.广西后棱蛇Opisthotropis guangxiensis Zhao,Jiang,and Huang,1978 238
133.沙坝后棱蛇Opisthotropts jacobi Angel and Bourret,1933 239
134.挂墩后棱蛇Opisthotropis kuatunensis Pope,1928 240
135.侧条后棱蛇Opisthotropis lateralis Boulenger,1903 240
136.山溪后棱蛇Opisthotropis latouchii(Boulenger,1899) 241
137.福建后棱蛇Opisthotropis maxwelli Boulenger,1914 242
138.老挝后棱蛇Opisthotropis praemaxillaris(Angel,1929) 242
(39)钝头蛇属Pareas Wagler,1830 243
139.平鳞钝头蛇Pareas boulengeri(Angel,1920) 244
140.棱鳞钝头蛇Pareas carinatus(Boie,1828) 244
141.台湾钝头蛇—中国钝头蛇复合体Pareas formosensis-chinensis complex 245
142.缅甸钝头蛇Pareas hamptoni(Boulenger,1905) 247
143.横纹钝头蛇Pareas margaritophorus(Jan,1866) 248
144.喜山钝头蛇Pareas monticola(Cantor,1839) 249
145.福建钝头蛇Pareas stanleyi(Boulenger,1914) 250
(40)颈斑蛇属Plagiopholis Boulenger,1893 251
146.颈斑蛇Plagiopholis blakewayi Boulenger,1893 251
147.缅甸颈斑蛇Plagiopholis nuchalis(Boulenger,1893) 252
148.福建颈斑蛇Plagiopholis styani(Boulenger,1899) 252
149.云南颈斑蛇Plagiopholis unipostocularis Zhao,Jiang,and Huang,1978 253
(41)紫沙蛇属Psammodynastes Günther,1858 254
150.紫沙蛇Psammodynastes pulverulentus(Boie,1827) 254
150a.紫沙蛇指名亚种Psammodynastes pulverulentus pulverulentus(Boie,1827) 255
150b.紫沙蛇台湾亚种Psammodynastes pulverulentus papenfussi Zhao,1995 255
(42)花条蛇属Psammophis Fitzinger,1826 256
151.花条蛇Psammophis lineolatus(Brandt,1838) 256
(43)斜鳞蛇属Pseudoxenodon Boulenger,1890 257
152.横纹斜鳞蛇Pseudoxenodon bambusicola Vogt,1922 257
153.崇安斜鳞蛇Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti Pope,1928 258
153a.崇安斜鳞蛇指名亚种Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti karlschmidti Pope,1928 258
153b.崇安斜鳞蛇海南亚种Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti popei Gressitt,1936 259
153c.崇安斜鳞蛇罗香亚种Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti sinii Fan,1931 259
154.大眼斜鳞蛇Pseudoxenodon macrops(Blyth,1854) 259
154a.大眼斜鳞蛇指名亚种Pseudoxenodon macrops macrops(Blyth,1854) 260
154b.大眼斜鳞蛇福建亚种Pseudoxenodon macrops fukienensis Pope,1928 260
154c.大眼斜鳞蛇中华亚种Pseudoxenodon macrops sinensis Boulenger,1904 261
155.纹尾斜鳞蛇Pseudoxenodon stejnegeri Barbour,1908 261
155a.纹尾斜鳞蛇指名亚种Pseudoxenodon stejnegeri stejnegeri Barbour,1908 261
155b.纹尾斜鳞蛇大陆亚种Pseudoxenodon stejnegeri striaticaudatus Pope,1928 262
(44)鼠蛇属Ptyas Fitzinger,1843 262
156.灰鼠蛇Ptyas korros(Schlegel,1837) 262
157.滑鼠蛇Ptyas mucosus(Linnaeus,1758) 263
(45)颈槽蛇属Rhabdophis Fitzinger,1843 264
158.海南颈槽蛇Rhabdophis adleri Zhao,1997 265
159.喜山颈槽蛇Rhabdophis himalayanus(Günther,1864) 265
160.缅甸颈槽蛇Rhabdophis leonardi(Wall,1923) 266
161.黑纹颈槽蛇Rhabdophis nigrocinctus(Blyth,1856) 267
162.颈槽蛇Rhabdophis nuchalis(Boulenger,1891) 268
163.九龙颈槽蛇Rhabdophis pentasupralabialis Jiang and Zhao,1983 268
164.红脖颈槽蛇Rhabdophis subminiatus(Schlegel,1837) 269
164a.红脖颈槽蛇指名亚种Rhabdophis subminiatus subminiatus(Schlegel,1837) 270
164b.红脖颈槽蛇北方亚种Rhabdophis subminiatus helleri(Schmidt,1925) 270
165.台湾颈槽蛇Rhabdophis swinhonis(Günther,1868) 270
166.虎斑颈槽蛇Rhabdophis tigrinus(Boie,1826) 271
166a.虎斑颈槽蛇台湾亚种Rhabdophis tigrinus formosanus(Maki,1931) 272
166b.虎斑颈槽蛇大陆亚种Rhabdophis tigrinus lateralis(Berthold,1859) 273
(46)黄腹杆蛇属Rhabdops Boulenger,1893 273
167.黄腹杆蛇Rhabdops bicolor(Blyth,1854) 273
(47)尖喙蛇属Rhynchophis Mocquard,1897 274
168.尖喙蛇Rhynchophis boulengeri Mocquard,1897 274
(48)剑蛇属Sibynophis Fitzinger,1843 275
169.黑头剑蛇Sibynophis chinensis(Günther,1889) 275
169a.黑头剑蛇指名亚种Sibynophis chinensis chinensis(Günther,1889) 276
169b.黑头剑蛇云贵高原亚种Sibynophis chinensis grahami(Boulenger,1904) 276
169c.黑头剑蛇米易亚种Sibynophis chinensis miyiensis Zhao and Kou,1987 276
170.黑领剑蛇Sibynophis collaris(Gray,1853) 277
(49)华游蛇属Sinonatrix Rossman and Eberle,1977 278
171.环纹华游蛇Sinonatrix aequifasciata(Barbour,1908) 278
172.赤链华游蛇Sinonatrix annularis(Hallowell,1856) 279
173.乌华游蛇Sinonatrix percarinata(Boulenger,1899) 280
173a.乌华游蛇指名亚种Sinonatrix percarinata percarinata(Boulenger,1899) 281
173b.乌华游蛇台湾亚种Sinonatrix percarinata suriki(Maki,1931) 281
(50)温泉蛇属Thermophis Malnate,1953 282
174.温泉蛇Thermophis baileyi(Wall,1907) 282
(51)坭蛇属Trachischium Günther,1858 283
175.山坭蛇Trachischium monticola(Cantor,1839) 283
176.小头坭蛇Trachischium tenuiceps(Blyth,1854) 284
(52)渔游蛇属Xenochrophis Günther,1864 285
177.渔游蛇Xenochrophis piscator(Schneider,1799) 285
(53)乌梢蛇属Zaocys Cope,1861 286
178.黑网乌梢蛇Zaocys carinatus(Günther,1858) 286
179.乌梢蛇Zaocys dhumnades(Cantor,1842) 287
180.黑线乌梢蛇Zaocys nigromarginatus(Blyth,1854) 288
Ⅸ.眼镜蛇科ELAPIDAE 289
Ⅸa.眼镜蛇亚科Elapinae 290
(54)环蛇属Bungarus Daudin,1803 290
181.环蛇Bungarus bungaroides(Cantor,1839) 291
182.金环蛇Bungarus fasciatus(Schneider,1801) 291
183.银环蛇Bungarus multicinctus Blyth,1860 292
183a.银环蛇指名亚种Bungarus multicinctus multicinctus Blyth,1860 293
183b.银环蛇云南亚种Bungarus multicinctus wanghaotingi Pope,1928 293
(55)眼镜蛇属Naja Laurenti,1768 293
184.舟山眼镜蛇Naja atra Cantor,1842 294
185.孟加拉眼镜蛇Naja kaouthia Lesson,1831 295
(56)眼镜王蛇属Ophiophagus Günther,1864 295
186.眼镜王蛇Ophiophagus hannah(Cantor,1836) 296
(57)中华珊瑚蛇属Sinomicrurus Slowinski,Boundy,and Lawson,2001 297
187.福建华珊瑚蛇Sinomicrurus kelloggi(Pope,1928) 297
188.中华珊瑚蛇Sinomicrurus macclellandi(Reinhardt,1844) 298
188a.中华珊瑚蛇指名亚种Sinomicrurus macclellandi macclellandi(Reinhardt,1844) 299
188b.中华珊瑚蛇台湾亚种Sinomicrurus macclellandi formosansis(Thompson,1912) 299
188c.中华珊瑚蛇脊纹亚种Sinomicrurus macclellandi univirgatus(Günther,1858) 299
189.台湾华珊瑚蛇Sinomicrurus sauteri(Steindachner,1913) 299
Ⅸb.海蛇亚科Hydrophiinae 300
(58)扁尾海蛇属Laticauda Laurenti,1768 303
190.蓝灰扁尾海蛇Laticauda colubrina(Schneider,1799) 303
191.扁尾海蛇Laticauda laticaudata(Linnaeus,1758) 304
192.半环扁尾海蛇Laticauda semifasciata(Reinwardt,1837) 304
(59)棘眦海蛇属Acalyptophis Boulenger,1896 305
193.棘眦海蛇Acalyptophis peronii(Duméril,1853) 305
(60)棘鳞海蛇属Astrotia Fischer,1855 306
194.棘鳞海蛇Astrotia stokesii(Gray,1846) 306
(61)龟头海蛇属Emydocephalus Krefft,1869 307
195.龟头海蛇Emydocephalus ijimae Stejneger,1898 307
(62)海蛇属Hydrophis Latreille,1801 308
196.青灰海蛇Hydrophis caerulescens(Shaw,1802) 308
197.青环海蛇Hydrophis cyanocinctus Daudin,1803 309
198.环纹海蛇Hydrophis fasciatus(Schneider,1799) 309
199.小头海蛇Hydrophis gracilis(Shaw,1802) 310
200.黑头海蛇Hydrophis melanocephalus Gray,1849 311
201.淡灰海蛇Hydrophis ornatus(Gray,1842) 312
(63)截吻海蛇属Kerilia Gray,1849 312
202.截吻海蛇Kerilia jerdonii Gray,1849 313
(64)平颏海蛇属Lapemis Gray,1835 313
203.平颏海蛇Lapemis curtus(Shaw,1802) 313
(65)长吻海蛇属Pelamis Daudin,1803 314
204.长吻海蛇Pelamis platurus(Linnaeus,1766) 314
(66)海蝰属Praescutata Wall,1921 315
205.海蝰Praescutata viperina(Schmidt,1852) 316
附记1.腹斑水蛇Enhydris bocourti(Jan,1865) 316
附记2.越南烙铁头蛇Ovophis tonkinensis(Bourret,1934) 317
选择参考文献 319
附录一 中国蛇类拉丁学名、中名和英名对照 321
附录二 中国蛇类同物异名对照 334
附录三 蛇类人工养殖 339
附录四 毒蛇咬伤防治 347
索引 355
拉丁学名索引 355
中文名称索引 360
英文名称索引 365
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