英语写作知识讲解及易混淆词汇编PDF电子书下载

上编 英语写作知识讲解 3

A 3

（缩写词） 3

（抽象概念） 5

（离合诗） 5

（适应法） 5

（讽喻法） 6

（头韵） 6

（暧昧，歧义） 7

（联珠法） 8

（类推） 10

（渐降法） 10

（对照格） 11

（反义词） 13

（阳予阴夺格，阳否阴述格） 14

（顿绝格，话语中断格，遮断格） 15

（顿呼格） 15

（古词，古语） 16

（矫揉造作） 17

（拙劣） 17

B 18

（平衡） 18

（不规范语句） 18

（突降格，比小格） 20

（书卷语） 20

（外来词） 21

C 21

（切口，行话） 21

（大写字母使用法） 22

（交错配列法） 23

（纤说法） 23

（明晰） 24

（阶升法） 26

（一致，连贯） 27

（惯用连语） 29

（口语） 29

（简洁） 31

（结论） 31

（具体化） 31

（简约） 32

（含蓄） 33

（一贯） 33

（上下文） 33

（缩约词） 34

（会话体） 34

（截短词） 35

D 36

（词的表面意义） 36

（措词） 36

E 37

（字母的省略，省音） 37

（省略法） 38

（强势法） 39

（警句） 41

（婉曲法） 41

（感叹） 42

（感叹的疑问） 43

（感叹主格） 43

F 44

（寓言） 44

（关系的错误） 44

（修辞格） 45

（比喻，修辞格） 45

（自由成语） 46

（反复动词） 46

G 47

（概括词） 47

（生僻词） 47

（正格用法） 48

（固定复合语） 50

H 50

（套语） 50

（同形异音异义词） 50

（历史现在时） 51

（同音异义词） 52

（夸张） 55

I 56

（习惯用语） 56

（背理比较） 56

（生动的视觉描绘，形象化的描绘） 56

（拟声词） 57

（强势语） 57

（感叹词） 57

（感叹短语） 58

（疑问） 58

（倒装） 58

（反语） 58

J 59

（反复音） 59

L 60

（间接肯定法） 60

（方言） 60

M 61

（隐喻） 61

（换喻） 61

O 62

（拟声法） 62

P 63

（回文） 63

（逆说法） 63

（假省法） 64

（平行法） 64

（无连词排比法） 65

（拟人法） 65

（短语） 66

（冗长） 67

（诗的破格） 67

（谚语） 68

（双关） 69

R 69

（冗赘） 69

（反复） 72

（修辞学） 74

（修辞标点） 74

（修辞问句） 75

（押韵） 75

S 76

（箴言） 76

（观察点的变更） 76

（明喻） 77

（俚语） 79

（柔和的问句） 80

（柔和的叙述） 81

（具体的词） 81

（分裂不定式） 81

（斜视修饰语） 82

（强调） 82

（文体） 82

（提喻法） 83

（同义词） 84

T 86

（添尾句） 86

（术语） 86

（不言而喻的话） 87

V 87

（变化） 87

下编 易混淆词汇编 91

A 91

a—an 91

a—one 91

a big man—a great man 92

a black and a white kitten—a black and white kitten 92

ability—capacity 92

about—or 93

above—foregoing 93

above — more than 93

about — of — on 93

above — from above 94

accident — results 94

a couple of — a pair of 95

accountable — cause of 95

addict — slave to habit 96

acquirement — acquisition 96

across — cross 96

addicted — devoted 97

address — speech 97

a developing country— a developed country 97

adjacent — contiguous 97

admittance — admission 98

adopt — assume 98

advent — arrival 98

advise — advice 99

a few — few 99

a flower — garden — a garden flower 99

after — in 99

after liberation — since liberation 100

ages of — old 100

again — another 100

aggregates — totals 101

a glass eye — an eyeglass 101

ago — before 101

agree with — a gree to 101

a half dozen — half a dozen 102

a horserace — a racehorse 102

alibi — excuse 102

a little —little 102

alive — living 102

all are — all is 103

all are — all are not — none is （are） 103

all of — all 103

all over the count— the whole country 103

almost never — hardly ever 104

a long foot — afoot long 104

already — all ready 104

already — yet 104

altercation — fight 105

altercative — choice 105

altogether — all together 106

although — yet 106

ways — all ways 106

ways — not always — never 106

a.m.— morning 107

amiable — amicable 107

ancient — old 107

and etc.— and so forth 108

anent — about 108

angry at — angry with 108

annex — add 108

another — other 109

antagonist — opponent 109

antagonize — oppose 109

ante — anti 109

antiquated — old 110

any — any other 110

any — at all 111

any — some 111

anybody — any body 111

anyone — any one 111

any place — anywhere 111

anything — any thing 112

anyway — any way 112

apiece — a piece 113

a piece of bread — a bread 113

applyable — applicable 113

apprise — apprize 113

a portrait of blank — a portrait of blank’s 114

apposite — opposite 114

approaches — effos 114

are all — all are 115

are both — both are 115

around — round — about 115

all — artifice 115

artist — artisan 116

as…as — so…as 116

as — because 117

as far as — so far as 117

as follow — as follows 117

aside — apart 118

as — like 118

as many as — all those who 118

as per — in accordance with 118

a sports meet — a sports meeting 119

ask each other — each other ask 119

assembled together — assembled 119

assets — addition 119

as — that 120

astonishment — surprise 120

as well as — as well 120

as — whether 120

at about — about 121

at — by — about 121

at fault — in fault 121

at — in 122

at fiirst — fiirst 122

at the meeting — on the meeting 122

at length — at last 122

audience — spectators 123

aught — naught 123

average — ordinary 123

averse — advoese 124

await — wait 124

award — reward 124

B 125

back again — back 125

because — because of 125

bad friends — enemies 125

badly — very much 126

bank on — rely on 126

because — that 126

before long — long before 126

beg to — beg leave to 127

behind time — behind the times 127

be interested in — be interested to 127

believe — believe in 128

be made of — be made from 128

beneath — under 128

beside — besides 129

besides — except 129

best two — two best 129

better — bettor 130

better — more 130

between — among 130

big — leading 131

biggest shart — most 131

birth date — birthday 131

black bird blackbird 132

blame it on — blame him 132

boiling water — boiled water 132

boili— borne — bourne 132

borrow — lend 133

both are — both are not — neither is 133

both alike — alike 133

both — each 133

bravado — bravery 133

breezy — lively 134

brief — short 134

bring — fetch 134

bring — take 135

by — on 135

build a building — erect a building 135

build down — burn 135

by the name of — of the name of 136

C 136

can — be able to 136

can but — cannot but 136

can — may 137

can not — cannot 137

cannot…nor — cannot…or 137

can not — may not 137

cannot help laughing — cannot help to laugh 138

can ’t seem — seem unable 138

case where — case in which 138

catch on fire — catch 138

catch one up — catch up with one 139

celebrity — famous person 139

childish — childlike 139

Christmas — Christmas Day 140

chronic — severe 140

city — town 140

classifiied into classes — classifiied 141

clean — cleanly 141

climate — weather 141

close down — close 141

close proximity — proximity 141

close up — close 142

clothing — clothes 142

coal oil — kerosene 142

cognomen — name 142

coincidence — happening 143

cold — cool — chilly 143

cold glass — cold water 143

combat — contest 143

come in — come into 144

come from — came from 144

commence — begin 144

compare — comparison 144

compete — compete each other 145

composition — a composition 145

comprise — constitute 145

conclude — close 145

confess— admit 146

congenial — genial 146

congratulate — celebrate 146

conscious — aware 147

conservative — low 147

consider — believe 147

consist of — consist in 147

contemporaneous — contemporary 148

continual — continuous 148

country man — countryman 148

couple — two 149

couple together — couple 149

crime — error 149

cry — shout 149

D 150

dangerous — in danger 150

date — day 150

deadly — deathly 150

deal — number 151

dear — high 151

defend — defend…from 151

demand — order 151

demolish — destroy 152

despite of — in spite of 152

devote — devotee 152

dialogue — conversation 152

die — dead — dye 152

die of — die from 153

dier — dyer 153

different from — different to 153

dinner — have dinner 154

direct — directly 154

discover — disclose 154

discover — invent 155

disinterested — uninterested 155

do — make 155

domicile — home 156

do not — not 156

doubtlessly — doubtless 156

dries — drys 156

due to — because of 157

dying — dyeing 157

E 157

each — every 157

each other — one another 158

early beginning — beginnings 158

early — soon 158

earth — world — globe 159

earthly — earthy 159

easier — more easily 159

eastwards — eastward 159

eat — ate 160

economic — economical 160

edifice — house 160

editorice — leading article 160

educational — educative 160

e.g.— i.e 161

either — any 161

either — neither 161

electric — electrical 161

elementary — elemental 162

ellipse — ellipsis 162

else but — else than 163

empty — vacant 163

enthuse — arouse 163

envelop — envelope 163

equally as — equally 164

especial — special 164

essential — needful 164

etc.— and so forth 165

ever expect — expect ever 165

every — all 165

every — ample 165

every one of us — everyone of us 165

every place — everywhere 166

everything — every thing 166

evince — show 166

example where — example in which 166

except — unless 166

excepting — except 167

excuse me — pardon me 167

examplary — excellent 167

expect — think 168

expensive — dear 168

explain to me — explain me 168

export — ship 168

ex-president — late president 169

express — expressed 169

extra — unusually 169

F 170

fall— autumn 170

fallher — further 170

fashion — manner 170

fatal — serious 170

favour — prefer 171

feel — feeling 171

feel of — feel 171

female — woman 171

fetch — bring 171

few — a few 172

fewer number — smaller number 172

fiigure — number 172

fill in — fiill out 172

film — photograph 173

final — finale 173

fine — pleasing 173

fine — well 173

finish — complete 173

firstly — fiirst 174

fist — hand 174

flee — fly 174

oors — stories 174

foam — froth 175

folk — people 175

folks — family 175

follow after — follow 175

for both — both for 175

forceful — forcible 176

forecasted — forecast 176

forget seeing — forget to see 176

forgo — forego 176

eeman — freedman 177

free thinker — freethinker 177

frequent — common 177

friend — freind 177

friendly — in a friendly manner 178

friend of John — friend of John’s 178

front — beginning 178

funny — strange 178

G 179

gas — gasoline 179

gender — sex 179

generally — usually 179

get — reach — arrive 179

get home — get his home 180

given name — christian name 180

glassfuls — glasses.full 180

glean — get 180

glorious — delightful 181

gold — golden 181

good goods — exceent goods 181

good — well 181

gooses — geese 182

go to bed — go to sleep 182

grammatical error — ungrammatical error 182

grammatic — grammatical 182

grand father — grandfather 182

Great Britain — United Kingdom — British Empire 183

green grocer — greengrocer 183

green house — greenhouse 183

grow smaller — become smaller 183

guess — believe 183

H 184

habiliments — Clothing 184

habit — custom 184

half after — half past 184

hand — worker 184

hanged — hung 185

hard — hardly 185

hard wood — hardwood 185

hastefully — hastily 185

hate — dislike 185

hast — have 186

have — here be 186

healthy — healthful 186

heap — much 186

heap — eat 187

heap — there be 187

heaven — heavens 187

hello — how are you 188

help but — help 188

henceforth — hereafter 188

henceforth — thenceforth 188

heretofore — theretofore 189

heroes — heros 189

heroical — heroic 189

high — highly 189

high — tall 190

high-toned — stylish 190

high way — highway 190

himself — him 190

historic — historical 191

holiday — holy-day — vacation 191

holiday — spend a holiday 191

hope — wish 191

hope that — hope…to 192

how long — how often 192

humane — human 193

human — person 193

humoristic — humorous 193

hung — hanged 193

hyphenization — hyphenation 194

I 194

ill— sick 194

illiterate — ignorant 194

imaginary — imaginative 195

imagine — suppose 195

immediately — immediately after 195

import — bring in 195

impractical — unpractical 195

in — with 196

in front of — in the front of 196

in back of — behind 196

in behalf of — on behalf of 196

incapable — unable 196

incessant — everlasting 197

individual — person 197

infant — child 197

infinite — great 197

instead — instead of 198

inquisitor — inquirer 198

inside of — within 198

insignificant — small 198

inspect — see 199

instructress — instructor 199

intelligent — intelligible 199

inter — intra 199

in the east — to the east — on the east 200

in the morning — this morning 200

in the street — on the street 200

into — in to 201

is not — is no 201

its — it’s 201

J 201

join — take part in 201

just going to — just about to 202

just — just now 202

K 203

keep — stay 203

kind of — rather 203

knock at the door — knock the door 203

Llain — laid 204

large — great 204

largish — some what large 204

last — end 204

last — latest 204

last — past 205

last night — yesterday night 205

late — lately 205

later — latter 205

latter — last-mentioned 206

lay — lie 206

learn — study 206

leave for — leave to 207

leave — away 207

lecturess — lecturer 207

liar — lier 207

lifelong — livelong 208

like — as if 208

like — look like 208

like — love 208

likely — likeable 209

likeness — liking 209

listen — hear 209

little — a little 210

little — few 210

lives [ livz ] —ves [ laivz ] 210

loan — lend 210

locate — settle 210

located — live 211

located — situated 211

lonely — alone 211

look — have a look 211

look — see 212

look at — watch 212

look for — find 212

look good — look well 212

loose — lose 213

loud — showy 213

loud speaker — lond-speaker 213

love — like 213

lovelily — in a lovely manner 214

loving — dear 214

low — lowly 214

lowering — lowering 214

M 215

mad — angry 215

majoy portion — greater part 215

make — eam 215

mandatary — mandatory 215

mannish — manlike — manly 216

many — much — a lot of 216

many of the students — many of students 216

many — market 216

masculine — male 217

may — might 217

may be — maybe 217

may not — must not 217

may I go with you — can I go with you 217

mediums — media 218

meet — meeting 218

mentor — coach 218

mid — amid 218

midst — among 218

mind — remember 218

misremember — forget 219

Miss — Mrs 219

mistaken — misunderstood 219

model — copy 219

moment — minute 220

moonlight — moonlit 220

more than a month ago — about more than a month ago 220

mostly — most 220

most diligent — the most diligent 221

mount — mountain 221

Mr.Wang — a Mr.Wang 221

much — many 222

musical — musicale 222

must have to 222

mutual — common 223

my — mine 223

my dear sir — dear sir 224

my father and mother’s room my father’s and mother’s room 224

my friend — a friend of mine 224

myself — I 224

mystical — mythical 225

N 225

navy — navvy 225

near-by — near 225

neither — not any 226

new — novel — fresh 226

noble man — nobleman 226

no more — not more 226

northeast — eastnorth 227

northward — north 227

notable — noted 227

nothing — no thing 227

notorious — famous 227

no use — useless 228

numerous — many 228

O 228

odd-number — odd numbered 228

often — in many instances 229

old — advanced 229

on account of — that 229

once — ever 229

one day — some day 230

on — in — over — above 230

one…one’s — every one…his 231

on the radio — from the radio 231

on time — in time 231

optimistic — hopeful 231

oral — aural 231

oral — verbal 232

others — the others 232

P 232

parasol — umbrella 232

pardon me — excuse me 232

parley — speak 233

part — some 233

part from — depart from 233

persons — people 233

peruse — read 234

p.m.— evening 234

police — policeman 234

practice — practise 234

poor — the poor 235

pupil — student 235

Q 235

quaint — queer 235

quantity — number 236

quiet — quite 236

R 236

radiobroadcast — radiocast 236

raise— rise 236

raised — reared 237

rare — scarce 237

rather — fairly 237

real — very 238

realize — obtain 238

reality — realty 238

recollect — re-collect 239

recollect — remember 239

recover — re-cover 239

regards — regard 239

reiterate — repeat 239

rejoinder — reply 240

relation — relative 240

rent — let 240

reply — answer 240

reside — live 241

review — revue 241

round — about 241

round house — round-house 241

S 241

salon — saloon 241

sample — example 242

say — speak 242

search — search for 243

semi — half 243

simple — simply 243

share — part 243

shoplady — saleswoman 244

shore — bank 244

shortly — briefly 244

sick — sickly 244

sillily — in a silly manner 245

since — ago 245

since — sense — scenes 245

sky light — skylight 245

slow — slowly 245

slow up — slow down 246

so did I — so I did — I did so 246

so — therefore 246

so — very 246

social — sociable 247

some — about 247

something — somewhat 247

sometime — some time 247

sometime — sometimes 247

sooner — rather 248

soonest — earliest 248

sort — kind 248

source — cause 248

south — southward 249

speak to — speak with 249

speciality — specialty 249

splendid — excellent 249

standpoint — point of view 249

state — say 249

still — yet 250

stop — stay 250

stop talking — stop to talk 250

studio — study 251

such — very 251

Sunday — on Sunday 251

sunlight — sunshine 251

T 252

take place — take the place of 252

tall — high 252

tear [ ti？] — tear [ t？？ ] 252

thanksgiving — thanksgiving day 253

that — who 253

then — and then 253

the nearby park — the park nearby 254

the number — a number 254

the other — another 254

that — which 255

they — he 255

tonight — this night 256

to me — for me 256

too — either 256

too — very 257

try and — try to 257

U 257

uglily — in an ugly manner 257

uncoloured — discoloured 257

underhanded — underhand 257

underlay — underlie 258

unheard-of — unprecedented 258

unhospitable — inhospitable 258

unique — unusual 258

universal — general 258

until — when 259

up town — down town 259

used to — be used to 259

V 260

veracity — truth 260

very — very much 260

vicious — bad 260

W 261

wait on — wait for 261

weight — height 261

we’ll — we will 261

what — who — which 261

where — in which 262

which — that 262

which — whose 262

whose — of which 263

without — unless 263

work — works 263

wrong — wrongly 263

Y 264

year of — year 264

young — early 264