油藏工程手册 第3版 原书影印版PDF电子书下载

1 Fundamentals of Reservoir Fluid Behavior 1

Classification of Reservoirs and Reservoir Fluids 1

Problems 27

References 27

2 Reservoir-Fluid Properties 29

Properties of Natural Gases 29

Behavior of Ideal Gases 30

Behavior of Real Gases 36

Effect of Nonhydrocarbon Components on the Z-Factor 44

Correction for High-Molecular Weight Gases 49

Direct Calculation of Compressibility Factors 54

Compressibility of Natural Gases 59

Gas Formation Volume Factor 65

Gas Viscosity 67

Methods of Calculating the Viscosity of Natural Gases 68

Properties of Crude Oil Systems 75

Methods of Calculating Viscosity of the Dead Oil 115

Methods of Calculating the Saturated Oil Viscosity 117

Methods of Calculating the Viscosity of the Undersaturated Oil 119

Properties of Reservoir Water 124

Problems 126

References 133

3 Laboratory Analysis of Reservoir Fluids 136

Composition of the Reservoir Fluid 137

Constant-Composition Expansion Tests 137

Differential Liberation(Vaporization)Test 149

Separator Tests 152

Extrapolation of Reservoir Fluid Data 164

Laboratory Analysis of Gas Condensate Systems 171

Problems 184

References 188

4 Fundamentals of Rock Properties 189

Porosity 190

Saturation 195

Wettability 199

Surface and Interfacial Tension 200

Capillary Pressure 203

Permeability 227

Rock Compressibility 254

Net Pay Thickness 260

Reservoir Heterogeneity 261

Areal Heterogeneity 274

Problems 281

References 286

5 Relative Permeability Concepts 288

Two-Phase Relative Permeability 289

Relative Permeability Ratio 308

Dynamic Pseudo-Relative Permeabilities 311

Normalization and Averaging Relative Permeability Data 313

Three-Phase Relative Permeability 320

Problems 329

References 330

6 Fundamentals of Reservoir Fluid Flow 331

Types of Fluids 332

Flow Regimes 334

Reservoir Geometry 336

Number of Flowing Fluids in the Reservoir 339

Fluid Flow Equations 340

Steady-State Flow 342

Unsteady-State Flow 373

Constant-Terminal-Pressure Solution 384

Constant-Terminal-Rate Solution 384

Pseudosteady-State Flow 413

Principle of Superposition 442

Transient Well Testing 453

Problems 476

References 482

7 Oil Well Performance 484

Vertical Oil Well Performance 484

Horizontal Oil Well Performance 528

Problems 542

References 544

8 Gas Well Performance 546

Vertical Gas Well Performance 546

Horizontal Gas Well Performance 577

Problems 580

References 581

9 Gas and Water Coning 583

Coning 584

Coning in Vertical Wells 587

Breakthrough Time in Vertical Wells 620

After Breakthrough Performance 624

Coning in Horizontal Wells 629

Horizontal Well Breakthrough Time 638

Problems 646

References 648

10 Water Influx 650

Classification of Aquifers 651

Recognition of Natural Water Influx 654

Water Influx Models 655

Problems 728

References 731

11 Oil Recovery Mechanisms and the Material Balance Equation 733

Primary Recovery Mechanisms 734

The Material Balance Equation 752

Problems 806

References 809

12 Predicting Oil Reservoir Performance 810

Phase 1．Reservoir Performance Prediction Methods 811

Phase 2．Relating Reservoir Performance to Time 850

Problems 853

References 854

13 Gas Reservoirs 855

The Volumetric Method 856

The Material Balance Method 859

Material Balance Equation as a Straight Line 874

Abnormally Pressured Gas Reservoirs 880

Problems 906

References 908

14 Principles of Waterflooding 909

Factors to Consider in Waterflooding 910

Optimum Time to Waterflood 915

Effect of Trapped Gas on Waterflood Recovery 917

Selection of Flooding Patterns 927

Overall Recovery Efficiency 932

Ⅰ．Displacement Efficiency 934

Ⅱ．Areal Sweep Efficiency 985

Ⅲ．Vertical Sweep Efficiency 1041

Methods of Predicting Recovery Performance for Layered Reservoirs 1058

Waterflood Surveillance 1069

Problems 1085

References 1094

15 Vapor-Liquid Phase Equilibria 1096

Vapor Pressure 1096

Equilibrium Ratios 1099

Flash Calculations 1103

Equilibrium Ratios for Real Solutions 1107

Equilibrium Ratios for the Plus Fraction 1120

Applications of the Equilibrium Ratio in Reservoir Engineering 1122

Equations of State 1154

Applications of the Equation of State in Petroleum Engineering 1194

Splitting and Lumping Schemes of the Plus-Fraction 1207

Problems 1225

References 1229

16 Analysis of Decline and Type Curves 1235

Decline-Curve Analysis 1235

Type-Curve Analysis 1264

Problems 1333

References 1335

Appendix 1338

Index 1351

About the Author 1360