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Part-Ⅰ The Basics lf Economics 2

Chapter One What Is Economics? 2

1．Two Branches of Economics 2

2．Economics,Scarcity and Choice 3

3．Opportunity Cost 7

4．Production Possibilities Curve 9

Chapter Two Economic Systems 19

1．Three Fundamental Questions 19

2．Alternative Ways of Answering the Three Fundamental Questions 20

3．Market Failure 26

4．The Role of Government 29

Part-Ⅱ Microeconomics 36

Chapter Three Demand and Supply 36

1．Demand and the Demand Curve 37

2．Supply and the Supply Curve 44

3．Price Determination and Market Equilibrium 48

4．Change in Market Equilibrium 50

5．Government Intervention in Markets 57

Chapter Four Elasticity and Its Application 64

1．Price Elasticity of Demand 65

2．Price Elasticity of Supply 77

3．Other Demand Elasticities 80

Chapter Five Consumer Choice and Demand 86

1．The Consumer's Budget Constraint 86

2．Utility 91

3．Consumer Decision Making 98

4．Deriving the Demand Curve 102

5．Ordinal Utility 105

Chapter Six Production and Cost 109

1．Types of Firms 110

2．Cost and Profit 111

3．Production 114

4．Short-Run Production Cost 119

5．Long-Run Production Cost 126

Chapter Seven Market Structure 135

1．Perfect Competition 136

2．Monopoly 144

3．Monopolistic Competition 151

4．Oligopoly 153

Part-Ⅲ Macroeconomics 160

Chapter Eight Macroeconomic Performance and Business Cycle 160

1．Why is Macroeconomics Important 160

2．Macroeconomic Goals 161

3．Gross Domestic Product 163

4．Measuring GDP 168

5．Other Measures of National Income 172

6．Business Cycle 173

Chapter Nine Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand 177

1．Aggregate Supply 177

2．Aggregate Demand 182

3．Macroeconomic Equilibrium and Fluctuations 186

Chapter Ten Inflation and Unemployment 192

1．Inflation 193

2．Unemployment 199

Chapter Eleven Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy 207

1．Monetary Policy 207

2．Fiscal Policy 215

Part-Ⅳ International Economics 224

Chapter Twelve International Trade:Gains and Barriers 224

1．The Basis of International Trade 225

2．Barriers to Trade 231

3．Arguments Against Free Trade 237

4．From GATT to WTO 239

Chapter Thirteen The Balance of Payments and Exchange Rates 243

1．Balance of Payment 243

2．The Balance of Payments Identity 247

3．Exchange Rates 250

4．Exchange Rate Systems 251

5．Long-Run Determination of Exchange Rate 256

References 262