伶俐、创意与谦虚 华人的语言行为PDF电子书下载

1 The Myth of the Silent, Restrained, and Humble Chinese 1

The Exotic Chinese: Stereotype, Misinformation, or Matter of Perspective? 1

Routes Toward the Images and the Framing 4

In Search of an Alternative Picture 10

What This Book Is About 16

Chapters to Follow 17

2 The Manipulative Speaker 20

Introduction 20

Some Cultural Foundations of Interpersonal Skills 23

The Round and the Smooth 25

Manipulative Talk Devoid of Internal Foundation 29

The Rhetorical Tradition 34

Irony and Criticism 38

A Sense of Ambivalence—To Be, or Not to Be, Clever 43

Interpersonal Connections as Social Resources 45

Orders of Relationships—A Differentiated World 46

Preference for One's Own People 49

The Emotional as Utilitarian 51

Manipulating Interpersonal Ties via Talk 54

Closing Up to Get What One Needs 54

Balancing Debts of Human Feeling 63

Negotiating Interpersonal Positioning 71

Tactics for Going Through Another 79

“Outside People,”Outside Category 88

Further Thoughts 94

3THE Artistic Chinese Speaker 100

The Written and the Oral 100

Some Notes About the Chinese Language 101

From High Culture to Folk Wisdom 109

Chinese Rhetorical Traditions 116

Words as Art and Signs of Wisdom 119

Philosophy of Language 120

Indirectness as a Sign of Artistry 123

Metaphors and Analogies 128

Summary 131

Artistic Expressions and Manifestations 131

Poems 132

Matched Couplets 139

Chengyu 142

Suyan 144

Verbal Artistryin Action 157

Capturing Interpersonal Boundaries 158

Sentiments and Expressions 164

From Solemnity, to Playfulness,to Humor 173

Words for Social Occasions 180

Concluding Remarks 185

4The Humble Chinese Speaker 187

The Introspective Chinese 187

Words and Life: The Moral Universe and the Need for Self-Inspection 188

Words as a Spiritual and Moral Task 191

Sincerity as the Foundation for Interpersonal Transactions 197

Words as Imperfect Means for Describing the Universe 201

Reasoning with the Universe by Words 206

Summary 215

About Care and Concern—Yuan and Zhai 216

Yuan, a Buddhist and Folk Concept 220

Yuan and Zhai: Matters of Causality 224

Letting Go 228

The Inter-connected Sentient World 230

Implications 232

Humbleness in Action 235

Halting Speakers—Their Humility and Modesty 236

Others First, Self Second 241

Indirection as a Sign of Politeness 248

Use of Intermediary 253

Invitation to Participate 257

Afterthoughts 263

5 Epilogue: Multidimensionality of Chinese Language Use 267

The Manipulative, the Artistic, and the Humble:A Recollection 268

Challenges of Cultural Change and Development 269

Some Final Words 273

References 275