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Ⅰ．THE KING OF THE WOOD 1

1．Diana and Virbius 1

2．Artemis and Hippolytus 6

3．Recapitulation 7

Ⅱ．PRIESTLY KINGS 9

Ⅲ．SYMPATHETIC MAGIC 11

1．The Principlcs of Magic 11

2．Homoeopathic or Imitative Magic 12

3．Contagious Magic 37

4．The Magician'S Progress 45

Ⅳ．MAGIC AND RELIGION 48

Ⅴ．THE MAGICAL CONTROL OF THE WEATHER 60

1．The Public Magician 60

2．The Magical Control of Rain 62

3．The Magical Control of the Sun 78

4．The Magical Control of the Wind 80

Ⅵ．MAGICIANS AS KINGS 83

Ⅶ．INCARNATE HUMAN GODS 91

Ⅷ．DEPARTMENTAL KINGS OF NATURE 106

Ⅸ．THE WORSHIP OF TREES 109

1．Tree-spirits 109

2．Beneficent Powers of Tree-spirits 117

Ⅹ．RELICS OF TREE-WORSHIP IN MODERN EUROPE 120

Ⅺ．THE INFLUENCE OF THE SEXES ON VEGETATION 135

Ⅻ．THE SACRED MARRIAGE 139

1．Diana as a Goddess of Fertility 139

2．The Marriage of the Gods 142

ⅩⅢ．THE KINGS OF ROME AND ALBA 146

1．Numa and Egeria 146

2．The King as Jupiter 148

ⅩⅣ．THE SUCCESSION TO THE KINGDOM IN ANCIENT LATIUM 152

ⅩⅤ．THE WORSHIP OF THE OAK 159

ⅩⅥ．DIANUS AND DIANA 161

ⅩⅦ．THE BURDEN OF ROYALTY 168

1．Royal and Priestly TabooS 168

2．Divorce of the Spiritual from the Temporal Power 175

ⅩⅧ．THE PERILS OF THE SOUL 178

1．The Soul as a Mannikin 178

2．Absence and Recall of the Soul 180

3．The Soul as a Shadow and a Reflection 189

ⅩⅨ．TABOOED ACTS 194

1．Taboos on Intercourse with Strangers 194

2．Taboos on Eating and Drinking 198

3．Taboos on showing the Face 199

4．Taboos on quitting the House 200

5．Taboos on leaving Food over 200

ⅩⅩ．TABOOED PERSONS 202

1．Chiefs and Kings tabooed 202

2．Mourners tabooed 205

3．Women tabooed at Menstruation and Childbirth 207

4．Warriors tabooed 210

5．Manslayers tabooed 212

6．Hunters and Fishers tabooed 216

ⅩⅪ．TABOOED THINGS 223

1．The Meaning of Taboo 223

2．Iron tabooed 224

3．Sharp Weapons tabooed 226

4．Blood tabooed 227

5．The Head tabooed 230

6．Hair tabooed 231

7．Ceremonies at Hair-cutting 233

8．Disposal of Cut Hair and Nails 233

9．Spittle tabooed 237

10．Foods tabooed 238

11．Knots and Rings tabooed 238

ⅩⅫ．TABOOED WORDS 244

1．Personal Names tabooed 244

2．Names of Relations tabooed 249

3．Names of the Dead tabooed 251

4．Names of Kings and other Sacred Persons tabooed 257

5．Names of Gods tabooed 260

ⅩⅩⅢ．OUR DEBT TO THE SAVAGE 262

ⅩⅩⅣ．THE KILLING OF THE DIVINE KING 264

1．The Mortality of the Gods 264

2．Kings killed when their Strength fails 265

3．Kings killed at the End of a Fixed Term 274

ⅩⅩⅤ．TEMPORARY KINGS 283

ⅩⅩⅥ．SACRIFICE OF THE KING'S SON 289

ⅩⅩⅦ．SUCCESSION TO THE SOUL 293

ⅩⅩⅧ．THE KILLING OF THE TREE-SPIRIT 296

1．The Whitsuntide Mummers 296

2．Burying the Carnival 301

3．Carrying out Death 307

4．Bringing in Summer 311

5．Battle of Summer and Winter 316

6．Death and Resurrection of Kostrubonko 317

7．Death and Revival of Vegetation 318

8．Analogous Rites in India 319

9．The Magic Spring 320

ⅩⅩⅨ．THE MYTH OF ADONIS 324

ⅩⅩⅩ．ADONIS IN SYRIA 327

ⅩⅩⅪ．ADONIS IN CYPRUS 329

ⅩⅩⅫ．THE RITUAL OF ADONIS 335

ⅩⅩⅩⅢ．THE GARDENS OF ADONIS 341

ⅩⅩⅩⅣ．THE MYTH AND RITUAL OF ATTIS 347

ⅩⅩⅩⅤ．ATTIS AS A GOD OF VEGETATION 352

ⅩⅩⅩⅥ．HUMAN REPRESENTATIVES OF ATTIS 353

ⅩⅩⅩⅦ．ORIENTAL RELIGIONS IN THE WEST 356

ⅩⅩⅩⅧ．THE MYTH OF OSIRIS 362

ⅩⅩⅩⅨ．THE RITUAL OF OSIRIS 368

1．The Popular Rites 368

2．The Official Rites 373

ⅩL．THE NATURE OF OSIRIS 377

1．Osiris a Corn-god 377

2．Osiris a Tree-spirit 380

3．Osiris a God of Fertility 381

4．Osiris a God of the Dead 381

ⅩLL．IsIs 382

ⅩLⅡ．OSIRIS AND THE SUN 384

ⅩLⅢ．DIONYSUS 385

ⅩLⅣ．DEMETER AND PERSEPHONE 393

ⅩLⅤ．THE CORN-MOTHER AND THE CORN-MAIDEN IN NORTHERN EUROPE 399

ⅩLⅥ．THE CORN-MOTHER IN MANY LANDS 412

1．The Corn-mother in America 412

2．The Rice-mother in the East Indies 413

3．The Spirit of the Corn embodied in Human Beings 419

4．The Double Personification of the Corn as Mother and Daughter 420

ⅩLⅦ．LITYERSES 424

1．Songs of the Corn Reapers 424

2．Killing the Corn-spirit 425

3．Human Sacrifices for the Crops 431

4．The Corn-spirit slain in his Human Representatives 438

ⅩLⅧ．THE CORN-SPIRIT AS AN ANIMAL 447

1．Animal Embodiments of the Corn-spirit 447

2．The Corn-spirit as a Wolf or a Dog 448

3．The Corn-spirit as a Cock 450

4．The Corn-spirit as a Hare 452

5．The Corn-spirit as a Cat 453

6．The Corn-spirit as a Goat 454

7．The Corn-spirit as a Bull,Cow,or Ox 457

8．The Corn-spirit as a Horse or Mare 459

9．The Corn-spirit as a Pig(Boar or Sow) 460

10．On the Animal Embodiments of the Corn-spirit 462

ⅩLⅨ．ANCIENT DEITIES OF VEGETATION AS ANIMALS 464

1．Dionysus,the Goat and the Bull 464

2．Demeter,the Pig and the Horse 469

3．Attis,Adonis,and the Pig 471

4．Osiris,the Pig and the Bull 472

5．Virbius and the Horse 476

L．EATING THE GOD 479

1．The Sacrament of First-Fruits 479

2．Eating the God among the Aztecs 488

3．Many Manii at Aricia 491

LⅠ．HOMOEOPATHIC MAGIC OF A FLESH DIET 494

LⅡ．KILLING THE DIVINE ANIMAL 499

1．Killing the Sacred Buzzard 499

2．Killing the Sacred Ram 500

3．Killing the Sacred Serpent 501

4．Killing the Sacred Turtles 502

5．Killing the Sacred Bear 505

LⅢ．THE PROPITIATION OF WILD ANIMALS BY HUNTERS 518

LⅣ．TYPES OF ANIMAL SACRAMENT 532

1．The Egyptian and the Aino Types of Sacrament 532

2．Processions with Sacred Animals 535

LⅤ．THE TRANsFERENCE OF EVIL 538

1．The Transference to Inanimate Objects 538

2．The Transference to Animals 540

3．The Transference to Men 542

4．The Transference of Evil in Europe 543

LⅥ．THE PUBLIC EXPULSION OF EVILS 546

1．The Omnipresence of Demons 546

2．The Occasional Expulsion of Evils 547

3．The Periodic Expulsion of Evils 551

LⅦ．PUBLIC SCAPEGOATS 562

1．The Expulsion of Embodied Evils 562

2．The Occasional Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehiclc 563

3．The Periodic Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehicle 566

4．On Scapegoats in General 574

LⅧ．HUMAN SCAPEGOATS IN CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY 577

1．The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Rome 577

2．The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Greece 578

3．The Roman Saturnalia 583

LⅨ．KILLING THE GoD IN MEXICO 587

LⅩ．BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH 592

1．Not to touch the Earth 592

2．Not to see the Sun 595

3．The Seclusion of Girls at Puberty 595

4．Reasons for the Seclusion of Girls at Puberty 603

LⅪ．THE MYTH OF BALDER 607

LⅫ．THE FIRE FESTIVALS OF EUROPE 609

1．The Fire-festivals in general 609

2．The Lenten Fires 609

3．The Easter Fires 614

4．The Beltane Fires 617

5．The Midsummer Fires 622

6．The Hallowe'en Fires 632

7．The Midwinter Fires 636

8．The Need-fire 638

LⅩⅢ．THE INTERPRETATION OF THE FIRE-FESTIVALS 641

1．On the Fire-festivals in general 641

2．The Solar Theory of the Fire-festivals 643

3．The Purificatory Theory of the Fire-festivals 647

LⅩⅣ．THE BURNING OF HUMAN BEINGS IN THE FIRES 650

1．The Burning of Effigies in the Fires 650

2．The Burning of Men and Animals in the Fires 652

LⅩⅤ．BALDER AND THE MISTLETOE 658

LⅩⅥ．THE EXTERNAL SOUL IN FOLK-TALES 667

LⅩⅦ．THE EXTERNAL SOUL IN FOLK-CUSTOM 679

1．The External Soul in Inanimate Things 679

2．The External Soul in Plants 681

3．The External Soul in Animals 683

4．The Ritual of Death and Resurrection 691

LⅩⅧ．THE GOLDEN BOUGH 701

LⅩⅨ．FAREWELL TO NEMI 711

INDEX 715