英语常用同义词 近义词辨析词典PDF电子书下载

A 1

1．abandon,give up,desert,quit,forsake,renounce,resign,abdicate,relinquish,waive 1

2．ability,capability,capacity,competence,faculty,talent,skill,aptitude 2

3．able,capable,competent,qualified 3

4．abolish,annul,extinguish,exterminate,extirpate,eradicate,obliterate,nullify,do away with 4

5．aboriginal,native 5

6．absorb,assimilate,take in 5

7．absorption,adsorption 6

8．abstain,refrain 6

9．abstract,summary 6

10．absurd,stupid,foolish,silly,ridiculous 7

11．abundant,rich,plentiful,ample 7

12．accelerate,quicken,hasten,speed up,pick up 8

13．accident,event,incident 8

14．accidental,casual,incidental 8

15．accompany,attend,escort,convoy 9

16．accomplish,complete,finish,go through with 9

17．activity,act,action,deed 10

18．adapt,adjust,fit,suit,match,accommodate 10

19．add,plus 11

20．adhere to,stick to,cling to,hold to 11

21．admire,honor,respect,esteem 11

22．admission,admittance 12

23．admit,confess,acknowledge,concede,recognize 12

24．admonish,reprove,rebuke,reprimand,reproach 13

25．advance,promote,forward,further 14

26．advantage,benefit,profit 14

27．adventure,venture 15

28．adverse,averse 15

29．advice,counsel,suggestion,proposal,recommendation 16

30．advise,persuade,convince,induce,prevail,dissuade 16

31．affair,business,concern,matter,thing 17

32．affect,influence,impress,touch,move,strike 18

33．afford,offer,give,donate,present 18

34．afraid,frightened,timid,terrified,fearful 19

35．after,behind 19

36．aggression,invasion 20

37．ago,before 20

38．agree,conform,harmonize,accord,correspond,coincide 20

39．agree,consent,assent 21

40．agreement,contract,pact,compact,treaty 22

41．alarm,warning,alert 22

42．alienate,estrange 23

43．alien,foreigner 24

44．alike,like 24

45．alive,living,live,lively 24

46．allowance,benefit,pension 25

47．allow,let,permit 26

48．all together,altogether 26

49．allusion,illusion,delusion,imagination,fancy,fantasy 27

50．ally,alliance,league,confederation,union 27

51．almost,nearly 28

52．aloud,loud,loudly 29

53．already,yet,still,as yet 30

54．alternate,alternative 30

55．alternative,choice,selection,preference,option,election 31

56．although,though,as,that,while 31

57．amend,mend,fix,repair,patch 32

58．amid,amidst,among,amongst 33

59．amount,sum,total 34

60．amuse,entertain,divert 34

61．and so on,and so forth,and the like,etc 34

62．anger,rage,fury,resentment,indignation,wrath 35

63．animal,beast,creature 35

64．annoy,bother,irritate,vex,provoke 36

65．answer,reply,respond,retort 36

66．appearance,look,aspect,countenance 37

67．appear,emerge,loom,show 37

68．appointment,engagement,date 38

69．approve,endorse,sanction,certify,ratify,confirm 38

70．apt,liable,prone 39

71．area,region,belt,zone,district,locality 40

72．arms,weapon,weaponry 40

73．army,force,troop 41

74．artificial,false,unnatural,unreal,synthetic 41

75．ascribe,attribute,credit,impute 42

76．ask,enquire/inquire,question,demand,solicit 42

77．aspect,respect 43

78．assume,presume,suppose 43

79．assure,ensure,insure,secure,guarantee,warrant 43

80．attach,add,affix,annex,fasten 44

81．attack,assail,assault,charge,beset,storm 45

82．attract,fascinate,charm,appeal,enchant,entrance 46

83．author,writer 47

84．avenge,revenge,retaliate,get even with 47

85．average,mean,medium,indifferent 47

86．avoid,escape,evade,elude,shun,avert 48

87．awkward,clumsy,bulky 49

B 50

88．bad,evil,ill,vicious,wicked 50

89．bald,bare,naked,nude 51

90．ball,dance,party 51

91．banish,exile,deport 51

92．bank,beach,coast,shore 52

93．base,basis,foundation,ground,groundwork 52

94．basic,fundamental,elementary,primary,underlying 53

95. beautiful, handsome, fair, lovely, pretty 53

96. because, as, since, for 54

97. begin, start, commence, initiate, inaugurate 55

98. behavior, conduct, manner 55

99. belief, faith, trust, confidence 55

100. believe, trust, confide, rely 56

10l. beside, besides 56

102. besides, except, but, save 57

103. big, large, great 59

104. blame, fault, guilt 59

105. blaze, flame, flare, flash, twinkle, spark 60

106. bloom, blossom, flower 60

107. blush, flush 61

108. boast, brag, crow 61

109. boil, simmer, seethe, stew 62

110. boring, monotonous, tedious, tiresome 63

111. borrow, lend, loan 63

112. boundary, border, frontier, limit, margin, edge, verge, rim, fringe,brink, bounds 64

113. brave, bold, courageous, heroic, valorous, undaunted, valiant,audacious 65

114. break, burst, crack, crush, crunch, fracture, smash 66

115. break, interval, pause 67

116. bright, brilliant, radiant 67

117. bring, fetch, take 68

118. build, construct, erect, establish, found, set up 68

119. bundle, bunch, cluster 69

120. business, industry, commerce, trade, traffic 69

121. busy, occupied, engaged 70

122. buy, purchase 71

C 72

123. call, summon, invite 72

124. calm, peaceful, quiet, still, serene, tranquil 72

125. capitol, capitol, capital 73

126. care, anxiety, concern, worry 73

127. careful, cautious, wary, prudent 73

128. carpet, rug, blanket 74

129. carry, bear 74

130. carry, convey, transport, transmit 74

131. catch, arrest, capture, apprehend, pick up 75

132. cause, reason, ground, occasion 76

133. cease, stop, pause, halt 76

134. certificate, qualification, diploma, credential 77

135. chance, opportunity, occasion, scope, break 77

136. change, alter, convert, modify, vary, transform 78

137. character, characteristic, feature, trait 79

138. charge, accuse, indict, prosecute, blame, complain 80

139. cheap, inexpensive, modest 80

140. cheat, deceive, fool, trick 81

141. chief, principal, main, leading, foremost, primary, prime 81

142. childish, childlike 82

143. choose, select, pick, elect, opt, single out 82

144. civil, polite, courteous 83

145. classic, classical 84

146. clean, cleanly 84

147. clear, clearly 85

148. client, customer 85

149. close, closely 85

150. cold, cool, chilly 86

151. collaborate, cooperate 86

152. collision, impact, crash 86

153. comfort, relief, ease, relaxation 87

154. comfort, solace, console 87

155. comfortable, cosy, restful 88

156. command, order, direct, instruct 88

157. commit, consign, entrust, confide, relegate 89

158. common, ordinary, general, usual 90

159. commotion, disturbance, ferment, riot, tumult, turbulence, turmoil, upheaval 90

160. compare, contrast 91

161. compatible, consistent 92

162. compensate, redeem, make up for 92

163. complement, supplement 93

164. complete, close, end, finish, conclude, terminate 93

165. complete, perfect 94

166. complex, complicated, intricate, involved 94

167. comply, conform, abide, observe, stand by 95

168. compose, make up, consist of, comprise, constitute 96

169. compute, calculate, count, reckon, figure 96

170. concentrate, focus, center 97

171. conclusive, decisive, definitive, determinative, determining 98

172. condemn, convict, sentence 99

173. conduct, direct, manage, control, steer 99

174. confirm, affirm, validate, verify, testify 100

175. conflict, fight, struggle, combat 100

176. conscious, aware, sensible, alert, awake 101

177. consider, deem, regard, account, reckon, count, treat 102

178. contact, touch 102

179. contain, hold, accommodate 103

180. contemporary, contemporaneous, simultaneous, synchronous, concurrent, coincident, concomitant 103

181. contend, scramble, contest 105

182. continual, continuous, constant, incessant, perpetual 105

183. contract, condense, compress, constrict, shrink 106

184. conversation, chat, dialogue, discussion, talk, discourse 107

185. cooperative, operative, operational 108

186. correct, accurate, exact, precise, right 108

187. correct, rectify, remedy, reform, revise, amend 109

188. costly, dear, expensive, invaluable, valuable, precious 109

189. country, nation, state 110

190. couple, pair, brace, yoke 111

191. cowardly, timid 111

192．cram,crowd,stuff,pack 111

193. crazy, insane, mad 112

194. create, compose, design, invent, devise, contrive 113

195. creep, crawl 113

196. crime, guilt, sin, offence, error, violation 114

197. cruel, brutal, fierce, ferocious, inhumane, savage, ruthless, vicious 114

198. cry, call, scream, shout, shriek, screech, yell 115

199. cry, sob, weep, break into tears, burst into tears 116

200. cultivate, raise, bring up, breed 116

201. cure, heal, treat, remedy, mend 117

202. curious, inquisitive 118

D 119

203. damp, wet, dank, moist, humid 119

204. danger, risk, hazard, peril 119

205. dangerous, hazardous, risky, perilous 120

206. dark, dim, dusky, gloomy, obscure, opaque 121

207. dead, deceased, departed, late, extinct, lifeless, inanimate 121

208. dear, dearly 122

209. decay, rot, spoil, decompose 122

210. decide, determine, resolve, settle, rule, conclude 123

211. declare, announce, proclaim, pronounce, publish 124

212. decline, refuse, reject, deny, rebuff, spurn, turn down 125

213. decorate, ornament, adorn, beautify, trim 125

214. decrease, lessen, diminish, reduce, dwindle, abate, subside 126

215. deep, deeply 127

216. deep, profound 128

217. defeat, conquer, beat, subdue, overcome, get over, tide over,surmount 128

218. defend, guard, protect, shield, preserve, safeguard 129

219. degrade, humble, humiliate 130

220. delay, defer, postpone, put off, suspend, detain, retard 130

221. delete, erase, omit, leave out 131

222. delicate, subtle, fine, dainty 132

223. demand, require, claim, request 132

224. dense, close, compact, thick 133

225. describe, depict, portray 134

226. desire, wish, want, long, yearn, crave 134

227. despair, hopelessness, desperation, disappointment, discouragement 135

228. despise, scorn, scoff, slight, disdain 136

229. destroy, ruin, damage 137

230. die, kill, perish 138

231. different, diverse, divergent, distinct, various 138

232. dig, excavate, delve 139

233. diligent, industrious, hard-working, assiduous 139

234. dirty, filthy, foul, nasty, squalid, grimy 140

235. disappear, vanish, fade, evaporate 141

236. discover, find 142

237. discover, reveal, disclose, betray, expose 142

238. discuss, argue, debate, dispute, contend, reason 143

239. dismiss, discharge, remove, sack, fire, lay off 144

240. dispose, handle, deal with, manage, tackle, cope with 144

241. disposition, temperament, character, personality, nature, temper 145

242. distant, far, remote 146

243. distinct, distinctive 146

244. distress, suffering, agony, misery 147

245. distribute, divide, dispense, allocate, assign, allot, apportion, give out 147

246. do, perform, execute, accomplish, achieve, effect, fulfill, discharge 148

247. dominant, predominant, paramount, preeminent 149

248. doubtful, dubious, suspicious, suspect, skeptical, questionable 150

249. doubt, suspect 150

250. draft, draught, drought 151

251. drawing, illustration, picture, portrait, painting, sketch, cartoon 151

252. dress, put on, have on, wear 152

253. drop, descend, decline, fall, sink 153

254. drug, medicine, pill, lotion, ointment, remedy, capsule, specific,narcotic 154

255. drunk, drunken 155

256. dull, blunt 156

257. dumb, mute 156

258. duty, obligation, responsibility, liability 156

E 158

259. each, every 158

260. each other, one another 158

261. eager, anxious, keen 158

262. earthly, worldly 159

263. easy, easily 159

264. economical, frugal, thrifty, sparing, austere 160

265. economic, economical 160

266. effect, consequence, result, outcome 161

267. effective, efficient 161

268. effort, exertion, endeavor, application, pains, trouble 162

269. elderly, old, aged 162

270. electric, electrical 163

271. element, component, constituent, ingredient 163

272. emotion, feeling, affection, passion, sentiment, sensation 164

273. employ, hire, engage 165

274. empty, vacant, hollow, vain, bare, blank, void, devoid 165

275. endow, bestow, vest 166

276. endure, bear, suffer, tolerate, stand, abide, withstand, put up with 167

277. enemy, foe, opponent, rival, adversary, antagonist 168

278. enhance, heighten, advance 169

279. enjoy, appreciate 170

280. enormous, immense, colossal, huge, vast, gigantic, tremendous 170

281. enough, adequate, sufficient, ample 171

282. entertain, amuse 172

283. entrance, entry 172

284. envy, jealousy 173

285. estimate, evaluate, appreciate, assess, appraise, value, rate 173

286. evidence, testimony, proof 174

287. evident, manifest, distinct, obvious, apparent, clear, plain, patent 175

288. examine, inspect, investigate, scan 176

289. example, instance 177

290. example, specimen, sample, case, illustration 177

291. exceptional, unique, singular 178

292. exchange, interchange 179

293. excuse, pretext, pretence 179

294. exempt, immune 180

295. exhibition, exhibit, exposition, fair, show 180

296. expand, amplify, swell, distend, dil？te 180

297. expect, anticipate, hope, await 181

298. experience, suffer, undergo 182

299. experiment, experimentation 182

300. explain, interpret, illustrate, account for 183

301. explicit, definite, express, specific 183

302. extend, lengthen, draw out, prolong, stretch 184

F 185

303. face, confront 185

304. factory, mill, plant, works, foundry, workshop, refinery, tannery 185

305. fair, just, impartial 186

306. faithful, truthful, loyal, true, constant, fast 186

307. false, sham, counterfeit, fake 187

308. fame, honor, glory, celebrity, reputation, repute, notoriety 187

309. familiar, intimate, close, confidential 189

310. famous, renowned, celebrated, notable, remarkable, eminent,distinguished, noted, famed 189

311. farther, further 190

312. fashion, style, mode, vogue 191

313. fast, rapid, swift, quick, speedy, hasty, fleet 191

314. fatal, deadly, mortal, lethal 192

315. fault, defect, flaw, weakness 193

316. fear, fright, dread, terror, horror, panic, alarm, dismay, awe 193

317. female, feminine, womanly, womanish, ladylike 195

318. fertile, fruitful, productive, prolific, copious 195

319. fiction, novel, story, romance, tale, narrative, anecdote, folklore 196

320. finally, at last, at length, in time, eventually, in the end 197

321. financial, fiscal, monetary 197

322. firm, hard, solid, stiff, rigid, inflexible, inelastic, tense 198

323. first, firstly, at first, first of all, first and foremost 198

324. fit, fitting, suitable, proper, appropriate, apt 199

325. flag, banner, colors 200

326. fog, mist, haze, smog 200

327. follow, chase, pursue, trail, hound, track, go after, run after 201

328. follow, succeed, ensue, result, supervene 201

329. forbid, prohibit, inhibit, ban, curb, check, bridle 202

330. force, compel, constrain, oblige, obligate 203

331. forecast, predict, foresee, foretell, prophesy 204

332. forest, wood, jungle, grove 204

333. forgive, pardon, excuse, condone 205

334. fortune, fate, doom, destiny, lot 205

335. found, establish, organize, form 206

336. frank, candid, outspoken, straightforward, open 206

337. freedom, liberty 207

338. frighten, threaten, menace, intimidate, bully, cow 207

339. frustrate, baffle, foil, thwart, balk 208

G 209

340. game, sport, play 209

341. gather, collect, assemble, accumulate, amass, muster 209

342. gaze, stare, glare 210

343. general, universal 211

344. get, obtain, secure, acquire, gain, win, earn, procure 211

345. get in, gather, pick, harvest, crop, reap 212

346. giant, huge 213

347. genius, gift, talent, faculty 213

348. gift, present 214

349. glad, happy, cheerful, joyful, joyous, delighted, merry 214

350. glance, glare, gleam, glimmer, glisten, glitter, glow 215

351. goodness, virtue 215

352. go on, continue, proceed, resume 216

353. govern, rule, reign 216

354. grade, class, rank 217

355. grade, score, mark, point 218

356. grand, magnificent, imposing, splendid, superb, gorgeous, glorious,stately, majestic, august 219

357. grasp, seize, grab, snatch, grip, clutch 220

358. group, company, party, band, gang, throng, swarm, faction, mob 221

H 223

359. habit, practice, custom, convention 223

360. handle, manipulate, wield 223

361. happen, chance, occur, take place, come about 224

362. happy, lucky, fortunate 225

363. harbor, port 225

364. hard, difficult, tough 226

365． hardly, scarcely 226

366. hardship, difficulty, suffering 227

367. haste, hurry, speed 227

368. hate, detest, despise, abhor, loathe 227

369. hatred, hate 228

370. have, hold, own, possess 228

371. head, brain, mind 229

372. healthful, healthy, wholesome 230

373. healthy, sound, hale, robust, well, wholesome, hardy, vigorous 230

374. heap, pile, stack, mass, bank, mound 231

375. heavy, weighty, burdensome 231

376. height, elevation, altitude 232

377. help, assist, aid 232

378. heritage, heredity, inheritance, legacy 233

379. hesitate, vacillate, waver, falter 233

380. hide, conceal, secrete, screen, bury, cloak, harbor, house 234

381. high, highly 235

382. high, tall, lofty, towering, elevated 236

383. hinder, obstruct, bar, block, hamper, impede 237

384. hire, let, lease, rent, charter 238

385. holiday, leave, vacation 239

386. holy, sacred 239

387. home, house, family, household, residence 240

388. hotel, restaurant, inn, tavern, motel 240

I 242

389. idea, concept, conception, thought, notion, impression 242

390. idle, lazy 243

391. ill, sick 243

392. imaginary, fanciful, fantastic, fictitious 244

393. imitate, copy, simulate, mock, mimic, ape 245

394. importance, consequence, moment, significance, import, weight 245

395. imprison, jail 246

396. improve, better 246

397. include, contain, comprise, comprehend, embrace, involve 247

398. increase, enlarge, multiply, expand, extend 247

399. incredible, incredulous 248

400. indeed, really 249

401. individual, private, personal 249

402. infectious, contagious 250

403. infer, deduce, conclude, judge, gather, guess, conjecture, surmise 251

404. influence, affect, effect 252

405. injure, harm, hurt, damage, spoil, wound, impair 252

406. injustice, injury, wrong 254

407. inspire, move, touch 254

408. insist, persist, persevere 255

409. instance, case, illustration 255

410. instead, instead of, in place of 255

411. instinct, intuition 256

412. intelligent, clever, bright, brilliant, smart, wise 256

413. intend, plan, mean, design, propose, purpose 257

414. intentional, deliberate, wilful 258

415. intention, intent, aim, end, goal, object, objective, purpose 259

416. interfere, intervene, mediate, meddle, tamper 260

417. interrupt, disturb, bother, interfere 261

418. in the future, in future, for the future 262

419. introduce, recommend, present 262

420. investigation, probe, research, inquest, examination, inquiry 263

421. invite, call, summon 264

422. irony, satire 264

423. isolate, seclude, segregate, sequester, insulate 264

J 266

424. join, combine, unite, link, connect, associate 266

425. journey, trip, travel, tour, voyage, excursion, cruise, expedition,outing 267

426. judge, referee, umpire, arbitrator, arbiter 268

447. jump, leap, spring, bound, skip, hop, vault, hurdle 268

428. justify, warrant 269

K 270

429. keep, retain, reserve 270

430. kill, murder, slay, slaughter, massacre 270

431. kind, kindly, benevolent, gracious 271

432. kind, sort, type, class, category 272

433. knowledge, scholarship, science, learning, information, know-how,erudition 272

434. know, see, understand, realize, recognize, comprehend, apprehend 273

L 275

435. lack, want, need, devoid 275

436. language, tongue, speech 276

437. last, latest, final, terminal, eventual, ultimate 276

438. laugh, laughter 276

439. laughable, funny, comic, comical, ludicrous, ridiculous, humorous, droll, jocular 276

440. lawful, legal, legitimate 278

441. lawyer, attorney, counselor, counsel, barrister, solicitor 278

442. lead to, result in, give rise to, cause 279

443. learn, study, pick up 279

444. lesson, class, lecture 280

445. level, flat, even, plane, smooth, flush 280

446. liberate, emancipate, free, set free, release 281

447. lift, raise, rear, elevate, hoist, heave, boost 282

448. lighten, release, relieve, alleviate, allay, assuage, mitigate 283

449. likely, possible, probable 285

450. limit, restrict, bound, confine, restrain, circumscribe 285

451. list, roll, catalog 286

452. listen, hear, overhear, pick up 287

453. live, dwell, inhabit, lodge, stay, put up 288

454. load, burden 288

455. locate, situate 289

456. lonely, alone, lone, lonesome, solitary 289

457. look for, find 290

458. look, sight, view, glance, glimpse, peep, peek 290

459. loose, loosen 291

460. love, affection 292

461. lure, allure, tempt, seduce, entice 292

M 293

462. machine, machinery, mechanism 293

463. magic, magical 293

464. make, produce, manufacture 294

465. manner, way, method, means, approach 294

466. marriage, wedding, matrimony 295

467. match, equal, rival 295

468. material, matter, substance 295

469. mature, ripe 296

470. meadow, pasture 297

471. mean, low, base 297

472. meantime, meanwhile 298

473. meeting, conference, assembly, congress, convention, council,session,rally, symposium 298

474. meet, meet with, encounter, come across, come up against,run across, run into, bump into 300

475. melt, fuse, liquefy, thaw, dissolve 300

476. memory, reminiscence, recollection 301

477. method, mode, manner, way, fashion, system 302

478. middle, center 303

479. migrate, emigrate, immigrate, move, remove 303

480. mind, intellect, intelligence, brain, wit, reason, wisdom 304

481. miserable, dismal, sorry, unhappy, wretched 305

482. misfortune, adversity, mishap, mischance 306

483. missing, lost 306

484. mistake, error, blunder 306

485. mix, blend, merge, mingle 307

486. model, ideal, example, standard, pattern, type 307

487. modest, humble, lowly 308

488. mood, temper, humor, vein 308

489. motion, movement, move, campaign 309

490. motive, incentive 309

491. mountain, hill, mount, peak, range 310

492. move, remove, shift, transfer 310

493. mutual, common, reciprocal, joint 311

N 313

494. naive, simple, unsophisticated, natural, unaffected, artless 313

495. name, designation, subject, title, topic, theme 314

496. near, close, by 315

497. neat, tidy, trim 315

498. necessary, essential, indispensable, vital 315

499. need, demand, necessity, requisite, must 316

500. neglect, ignore, omit, overlook, disregard, slight 316

501. negligent, negligible 318

502. neighborhood, vicinity 318

503. new, fresh, novel, original 319

504. noise, din, uproar, clamor, hubbub, racket 319

505. noise, sound, voice 320

506. normal, ordinary, regular, routine 320

507. note, bill 321

508. noticeable, observable, marked, conspicuous, prominent, outstanding,salient, remarkable, signal, arresting, striking 321

509. nourish, cherish, nurse, nurture 322

O 324

510. oath, pledge, vow, swear, promise 324

511. object, oppose, resist 325

512. obscure, vague, ambiguous 325

513. observe, celebrate, commemorate 326

514. obstacle, obstruction, bar, barrier, block, hindrance, impediment 326

515. odd, peculiar, queer, strange, weird, grotesque, eerie, uncanny, unearthly, bizarre 327

516. offer, suggest, propose, raise, put, produce, present, pose, profound,submit, advance, put forward, bring forward, set forth 328

517. officer, official 330

518. older, elder, senior 331

519. onlooker, spectator, viewer, witness 331

520. only, sole, single, unique 332

521. open, unfold, unclose, uncoil 333

522. opinion, idea, view, belief, conviction 333

523. opposite, adverse, contrary 334

524. oppress, suppress, repress 334

525. origin, source, root 335

526. over, above 335

527. overseas, abroad 336

528. overturn, upset, overthrow 336

529. owing to, due to 337

P 338

530. pain, ache, pang, stitch 338

531. parcel, pack, package, packet 338

532. partially, partly, in part 339

533. part, portion, section 339

534. pastime, recreation, entertainment, hobby 340

535. pathetic, pitiful, pitiable, piteous, lamentable, sympathetic 340

536. path, lane, drive, avenue, road, highway, street, way 341

537. penalty, punishment 342

538. percent, percentage 342

539. personal, personnel 343

540. phase, aspect, facet, angle, side 343

541. pierce, penetrate 344

542. pity, sympathy, compassion, mercy 344

543. plan, plot, conspire, devise, design, scheme 345

544. pleasant, agreeable, pleasing, pleased 346

545. pleasure, delight, joy 346

546. plot, conspiracy, scheme, intrigue, trick 347

547. political, politic 348

548. politician, statesman 348

549. pollute, contaminate, foul, stain 349

550. position, place, situation, vacancy, office, post, job 349

551. possible, workable, practicable, feasible, viable 350

552. power, strength, might, energy, force 350

553. practical, practicable, practiced 352

554. practice, exercise, drill, train 352

555. praise, acclaim, commend 353

556. predicament, dilemma, plight, jam, fix, pickle, quandary 353

557. prejudice, bias, partiality, prepossession 354

558. premium, prize, award, reward, bonus 355

559. prepare, get ready for 356

560. president, chancellor, principal, provost, schoolmaster, headmaster 356

561. press, squeeze, pinch, wring 357

562. pressure, stress, strain, tension 358

563. pretend, assume, affect, simulate, feign, fake, counterfeit, feint 358

564. prevailing, prevalent, current 359

565. prevent, preclude, avert, forestall 360

566. previous, prior, preceding, foregoing, former, foremost 360

567. prison, jail, gaol 361

568. produce, product, production, productivity 362

569. promote, advance, progress, proceed, foster 363

570. proposal, proposition 365

571. prospect, outlook, anticipation, expectation, hope 365

572. proud, conceited, arrogant, haughty, vain 366

573. provoke, incite, excite, stimulate, arouse, rouse, stir, agitate 366

574. pull, draw, drag, haul, jerk, tow, tug 368

575. push, shove, thrust, propel 369

576. put, place, set, lay 369

577. puzzle, perplex, confuse, bewilder, confound, baffle 370

Q 372

578. quality, property, character, attribute 372

579. question, problem, issue, query, interrogation 372

580. quick, prompt, ready, swift 373

581. quote, cite 374

R 376

582. race, nation, people 376

583. random, chance, casual, haphazard, contingent 376

584. range, field, area, limit, extent, scope, reach, compass, sphere,spectrum, territory, domain 378

585. rare, scarce, scant 379

586. rather, fairly 380

587. rational, reasonable 381

588. ratio, rate, proportion 381

589. real, actual, true, genuine, authentic 382

590. rebellion, revolt, revolution, uprising, rising 383

591. rebel, renegade, traitor 384

592. recede, ebb, retract, retreat, withdraw, retrograde 385

593. receive, accept 386

594. reception, receipt 386

595. reform, remold, transform 387

596. regret, repent, remorse 387

597. related, relevant 388

598. relate, narrate, describe, state, remark 388

599. relation, relative, relationship 390

600. relax, loose, loosen, slacken 390

601. rely, depend 391

602. remainder, rest, remnant, remains, residue, balance, leftover 392

603. remember, recall, recollect, remind, memorize 393

604. renew, restore, refresh, revive, rejuvenate 394

605. replace, supersede, supplant, displace 395

606. representative, delegate, deputy 396

607. request, ask 396

608. rescue, deliver, save, reclaim, redeem 397

609. rest, relaxation, leisure, ease, comfort, repose 398

610. retire, retreat, withdraw 400

611. reveal, expose, show, disclose, uncover 400

612. revoke, reverse, repeal, rescind, recall 401

613. rich, wealthy, affluent, abundant 402

614. right, rightly 403

615. rise, arise, raise 404

616. rise, ascend, climb, soar, tower, mount, surge 405

617. river, stream, brook, creek, rapids 406

618．rough,harsh,rugged,uneven 406

619．route,course,passage,pass 407

620．rude,rough,crude,raw,coarse 408

S 410

621．sabotage,undermine,damage 410

622．sacrifice,devote,dedicate,consecrate 410

623．sad,sorrowful,depressed 411

624．safe,secure 412

625．same,very,identical,equivalent,equal 412

626．satisfactory,satisfying,satisfied 413

627．satisfy,content 414

628．save,preserve,keep,retain,reserve,maintain,conserve,withhold 414

629．scan,skim,skip 416

630．scare,frighten,alarm,terrify,horrify,startle,appall,panic 417

631．scatter,disperse,dispel,dissipate 418

632．scene,scenery 419

633．schedule,chart,diagram 419

634．school,university,college,academy,institute 420

635．scrub,scrape,polish,rub,erase 421

636．see,catch sight of,spot,peer,peep,peek 421

637．see,look,watch,observe,view,perceive,discern,notice,note,remark 422

638．seem,look,appear 424

639．send,dispatch,forward,ship 424

640．sensation,sense,feeling,sensibility 425

641．sensible,sensitive,susceptible 426

642．separate,divide,part,divorce 427

643．series,sequence,succession,chain,train,string,spectrum 427

644．serious,grave,earnest,conscientious 428

645．shade,shadow 429

646．shake,tremble,quake,quiver,shiver,shudder 430

647．sharp,keen,acute 431

648．shelter,cover,retreat,refuge,asylum,sanctuary 432

649. shop, store, department store, business 432

650. show, demonstrate, display, exhibit 433

651. shut, close, slam 434

652. sickness, illness, disease, disorder, ailment, trouble, complaint 434

653. signal, sign, symbol, mark, token, emblem 435

654. sign, signal, gesture 436

655. sincere, wholehearted, hearty, heartfelt 437

656. size, magnitude, dimension 437

657. skill, art, technique 438

658. slant, incline, lean, slope, tip, tilt, list 438

659. slide, glide, slip, coast, skid, slither 439

660. sly, cunning, tricky, crafty, foxy, artful, wily 440

661. small, little, tiny, minute, miniature, petty 441

662. smash, break, burst, crack, crush, fracture 442

663. smell, scent, perfume, odor, fragrance, aroma 443

664. smile, laugh, grin, chuckle, chortle, beam, giggle, snicker, snigger, simper, smirk, guffaw 444

665. soft, mild, gentle 445

666. solve, resolve 446

667. soul, spirit, mind 446

668. speak, talk, state, tell, say, discourse 447

669. special, especial, specific, particular, peculiar 448

670. specially, especially, particularly 449

671. speech, address, oration, lecture 449

672. spend, expend, cost, pay 450

673. standard, criterion, norm 452

674. state, condition, situation, status 452

675. statement, account, bill 453

676. stay, remain, linger 454

677. stern, strict, severe, austere, grim 454

678. story, tale, narrative, anecdote, romance 455

679. strike, beat, hit, punch, knock 456

680. strong, sturdy, stout, tough 457

681. struck, stricken 458

682. subject, theme, topic, matter, motif 458

683. suburb, outskirt 459

684. succeed, prosper, flourish, thrive 459

685. suggest, imply, mean, indicate, hint, denote, connote 460

686. summit, peak, climax, zenith, acme, pinnacle, apex 461

687. sunk, sunken 463

688. sunlight, sunshine 463

689. supplementary, complementary 463

690. supply, provide, furnish, afford 464

691. support, uphold, sustain, maintain, back 465

692. sure, certain, confident, positive, definite 466

693. surprise, amaze, astonish, astound, wonder, appall 467

694. surrender, submit, yield, capitulate, succumb 468

695. surround, encircle, enclose, encompass, envelop, besiege, environ 469

696. surrounding, circumstance, environment, setting 470

697. survive, outlive, outlast 471

698. swing, sway, wave, waver, rock, fluctuate, vibrate, oscillate 471

T 473

699. task, duty, job, assignment 473

700. tax, taxation, rate, toll, duty, levy 473

701. teach, instruct, educate, train, discipline, school, coach, tutor 474

702. tear, rip, split 476

703. technique, technology 476

704. tell, distinguish, separate, differentiate, discern 477

705. tell, inform, notify, acquaint 477

706. tend, attend, mind, watch, see to 478

707. tendency, trend, current, drift, inclination 479

708. term, semester 479

709. test, examine 480

710. therefore, hence, consequently, then, accordingly, so 480

711. thief, burglar, bandit, robber, gangster, mob, mugger 480

712. thin, lean 481

713. think, reflect, contemplate, ponder, meditate, deliberate, speculate,brood 481

714. throw, cast, hurl, pitch, toss 482

715. tie, bind 483

716. time, age, era, epoch, day, period 483

717. tire, weary, fatigue, exhaust 484

718. tolerance, toleration 485

719. tolerant, tolerable 485

720. too, also, either, as well 485

721. tool, implement, instrument, appliance, utensil 486

722. torment, torture, affliction 487

723. trade, craft, profession, occupation, calling 487

724. trial, experiment, test 488

725. try, attempt, endeavor, undertake 488

726. turn, revolve, rotate, spin, whirl, circle, swirl 489

U 491

727. underground, subway, tube, metro 491

728. unity, union, solidarity 491

729. unwilling, reluctant 492

730. upon, on 492

731. upright, vertical, erect, perpendicular 492

732. urgent, pressing, imperative 493

733. use, employ, utilize, apply, adopt, harness 493

V 495

734. valid, sound, convincing, cogent 495

735. various, variable, variant, varied 495

736. vary, differ 496

737. vent, express, utter, voice, air 496

738. verbal, oral, spoken, vocal 497

739. victory, conquest, triumph 498

740. violation, breach 498

741. vision, sight, insight 499

742. visit, call, see, drop by, drop in 500

743. voluntary, intentional, deliberate, willing 500

W 502

744. wage, salary, fee, pay, hire 502

745. wait, await 502

746. wake, awake, waken, awaken, rouse, arouse 503

747. wander,stray, ramble, stroll, walk, roam, rove, meander 504

748. war,warfare,battle, campaign, action, fight, strife 505

749. wave, ripple, roller, breaker 507

750. weak, faint, feeble, fragile, frail 507

751. wealth, fortune, property, goods, effects, asset, riches, treasure,belongings 508

752. weather, climate 509

753. when, while, as 510

754. whole, entire, total, all, gross 512

755. wide, broad 513

756. wide, widely 513

757. wink, blink, twinkle 514

758. wither, fade 514

759. woman, lady, female 515

760. wonder, marvel, miracle 515

761. work, labor, toil, grind, drudgery 516

762. worth, value, merit, virtue 516

763. worth, worthwhile, worthy 517

764. wrong, wrongly 518

Y 519

765. young, youth, youthful, adolescent, immature, juvenile, green 519

Z 521

766. zero, zip, nil, naught, nought, nothing, cipher, zilch 521

Index 523

主要参考书目 552