CHAPTER 1Introductlon 1
Introduction 1
Purpose of a Signaling System 1
Transport Systems and Signaling Systems 2
The Blurring of the Distinction between Transportand Signaling Networks 3
Narrowband Signaling Transport and Networks 3
TheT1 System 3
X.25 and Packet Switching Systems 4
Broadband Signaling Networks 6
Problems with Narrowband Signaling 6
SS7 Systems 6
Why Not Just Use SS7？ 7
Summary 7
CHAPTER 2ISDN and B-ISDN Architecture 8
Introduction 8
Interfaces and Functional Groupings 8
Reference Points 10
ISDN Logical Channel Concept 11
Typical ISDN Configuration 12
The ISDN Layers 13
What ls B-ISDN？ 14
B-lSDN Functional Entities and Reference Points 16
The B-ISDN Planes and Layers 16
Maior Functions of the Layers 18
Classification of Broadband Services 21
Summary 23
CHAPTER 3ATM Architecture 24
I ntroduction 24
ATM Architecture 24
ATM and B-ISDN 26
Whv the Interest in ATM？ 26
The ATM Layers 27
Virtual Circuits with the VPCI,VPI,and VCI 29
VirtuaI Path Connection ldentifier(VPCI) 32
The ATM Cell and Cell Header 32
A Closer Look at AAL 34
Formats of the AAL PDUs 36
Summary 38
Early Signaling 39
Introduction 39
CHAPTER 4Signaling System Number 7(SS7)Architecture 39
Common Channel Signaling 40
SS7 Fundamentals 40
Example of an SS7 Topology 41
Functions of the SS7 Nodes 41
The Service Switching Point(SSP) 43
The Signaling Transfer Point(STP) 43
The Service Control Point(SCP) 43
The SS7 Levels(Layers) 44
SS7 ldentifiers and Numbering Scheme 47
Global Title Addressing and Translation 49
Summary 49
CHAPTER 5Addressing,SAPs,Primitives,and PDUs 50
Introduction 50
Explicit Addresses and Labels 50
A Short Treatise on Routing 51
The ATM Address Scheme 52
The E.164 Address Scheme 55
Service Access Points(SAPS) 56
How Primitives(Service Definitions)Are Used 57
Relationships of Service Definitions and ProtocolSpecifications 58
Connection Mapping 58
Other Key Concepts 60
ATM s Use of the OSI Model 60
The Broadband Signaling Stacks and the User Layers 60
Summary 63
CHAPTER 6SAAL,SSCOP,and SSCF 64
Introduction 64
Position of SAAL in the Broadband Signaling Layers 64
The Protocol Stack in More Detail 65
Functions of SAAL 67
Functions of SSCF 67
Functions of SSCOP 69
Functions of SSCS Layer Management(LM) 70
The SAAL Primitives and Signals Operations 71
Depictions of the Layers and Their Associated Primitivesand Signals 72
Signals between SSCOP-SSCF and SSCOP-LayerManagement 76
Signals between Layer Management and SSCF 77
Signals between SSCOP and CPCS 78
The SSCOP Operations in More Detail 79
The ErrorCodes 79
SSCOP PDUs 80
Examples of SSCOP“Housekeeping”Operations 83
Examples of SSCOP Transferring Signaling Traffic 84
Parameters in the Primitives and PDUs 90
CHAPTER 7UNI Signaling 92
Introduction 92
Broadband Signaling Stacks 92
UNI Messages and Information Elements 93
Message Format 94
The Messages 95
The Information Elements(IEs) 95
Overview of UNI Operations 95
The Q.2931 Timers 98
The UNI Operations in More Detail 100
The Connection Establishment Operation 100
The Connection Release Operation 101
The Restart Operation 102
The Status Inquiry Operation 103
The Add Partv Operation 103
The Q.931 Message Information Elements in MoreDetail 106
The Drop Party Operation 106
AAL Information Element 107
Broadband Low Layer Information Element 109
ATM Forum UNI Version 4.0 Variations 112
Summarv 112
CHAPTER 8B-ISUP Signaling 113
Introduction 113
Purpose of B-ISUP 114
What B-ISUP Does Not Do 114
Bandwidth Analysis and Path Discovery 115
Position of B-ISUP in the Broadband Signaling Layers 116
The SS7 MTP Support to B-ISUP 116
Overview of the B-ISUP Operations 117
Trunk Groups and VPCIs 118
B-ISUP NNI Messages and Parameters 119
Setting up the Virtual Circuits 119
The Messages 120
Examples of B-ISUP Operations 123
Parameters in the Messages 123
The B-ISUP Architecture in More Detail 127
Appendix 8A:Parameters Used in B-ISUP Messages 130
Summary 130
Appendix 8B:B-ISUP Interfaces,Pnmitives,and PrimitiveParameters 138
Introduction 144
CHAPTER 9Operations Between UNI and NNI 144
Typical Call Setup and Release Operations 144
Mapping between the UNI and NNI Messagesand Information Elements 147
Summary 147
Introduction 148
CHAPTER 10Other Broadband Signaling Operationsand Performance Requirements 148
Configuration Options 148
Point-to-Multipoint Calls 152
Signaling Identifiers(SIDs) 152
Add Party Operations 154
Performance Requirements for the Signaling Virtual ChannelConnection(VCC) 155
Summary 158
CHAPTER 11Private Network-Network Interface(PNNI) 159
Introduction 159
Whv Another NNI Protocol？ 159
Overview of PNNI Protocol 160
Unique Aspects of PNNI Signaling vis-a-vis Q.2931 161
PNNI Signaling Specification Model 162
Terms and Concepts 163
PNNI Metrics 165
Metric Aggregation 167
Horizontal and Outside Links 171
PNNI Hierarchy Example 172
PNNI Signaling Messages 175
A Look at the SETUP Message InformationElements 175
PNNI Available Bit Rate(ABR)Descriptors 177
Designated Transit List(DTL) 178
Soft Permanent Virtual Connection Procedures 178
Information Elements for the Support of Other Services 179
Designated Transit List 179
Summary 179
Crank Back 179
Abbreviations 180
References 183
Index 187
Primitives and Signals between SSCF and MTP 372
Relationships of the SAAL Entities and MTP 389