1 Patterns of Culture 1
INTRODUCTION 2
PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 2
YOUR SUCCESS PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 3
Task 1.1 Evaluating:Thinking About Yourself 3
CULTURAL PATTERN 1:ASPECTS OF CULTURE 3
Task 1.2 Prereading:Brainstorming Culture 4
Task 1.3 Reading:Guessing as You Read 4
Task 1.4 Postreading:Checking Your Comprehension 5
Task 1.5 Expanding Your Knowledge:Considering Your Favorite Cultural Themes or Topics 6
Task 1.6 Expanding Your Knowledge:Creating a Concept Map of Culture 6
Task 1.7 Expanding Your Knowledge:Introducing Yourself to Another Culture 7
CULTURAL PATTERN 2:THE ICEBERG OF CULTURE 8
Task 1.8 Prelistening:Considering the Iceberg 8
Task 1.9 Listening:Completing the Iceberg Drawing 9
Task 1.10 Postlistening:Checking Your Labels 9
Task 1.11 Expanding Your Knowledge:Placing the Aspects of Culture Where They Belong 9
Task 1.12 Expanding Your Knowledge:Finding Cultural Objects 10
CULTURAL PATTERN 3:ADJUSTING TO AMERICAN CULTURE 10
Task 1.13 Prelistening:Analyzing Names 11
Task 1.14 Listening:Using the T-Line 11
Task 1.15 Postlistening:Understanding Feelings and Needs 12
Task 1.16 Prereading:Considering the Impact of Exchange Students 12
Task 1.17 Reading:Looking for the EffeCts 12
Task 1.18 Postreading:Two-Way Learning 14
Task 1.19 Prelistening:Expanding Your Background Knowledge 14
Task 1.20 Listening:Seeking Family Details 14
Task 1.21 Postlistening:Counting the Blessings 14
Task 1.22 Prereading:Feeling Feat and Hesitation 15
Task 1.23 Reading:Confronting the Fear and Hesitation 15
Task 1.24 Postreading:Separating the Plussesand the Minuses 16
CULTURAL PATTERN 4:UNDERSTANDING CULTURES MORE CLEARLY STEP BY STEP 17
Task 1.25 Prereading:Scanning 17
Task 1.26 Reading:Guessing as Needed 18
Task 1.27 Postreading:Checking Your Understanding 20
Task 1.28 Expanding Your Knowledge:Practicing the Numbers 20
Task 1.29 Expanding Your Knowledge:Assessing Your Cultural Understanding 21
CULTURAL PATTERN 5:EXAMPLES OF STEREOTYPES AND ASSUMPTIONS 21
Task 1.30 Prereading:Understanding Human Nature 22
Task 1.31 Reading:Thinking About Reasons 22
Task 1.32 Postreading:Looking at the Reasons 23
Task 1.33 Prelistening:Predicting What People Might Think 23
Task 1.34 Listening:Empathizing with the Person 24
Task 1.35 Postlistening:Decoding the Message 24
CULTURAL PATTERN 6:WHEN THE VIEW IS SHOCKING 24
Task 1.36 Prereading:Brainstorming and Voting 24
Task 1.37 Reading:Identifying the Features 25
Task 1.38 Postreading:Relating Culture Shock to Your Own Experience 26
Task 1.39 Prelistening:Doing Your Geography 27
Task 1.40 Listening:Finding Feelings and Facts 27
Task 1.41 Postlistening:Examining the Situation 28
WORD PATTERNS 28
Task 1.42 Wordbuilding:Breaking Down Words and Starring Familiar Words 28
Task 1.43 Wordbuilding:Putting Words in the Bank 29
CHECKING YOUR SUCCESS 30
Task 1.44 Evaluating:Reviewing the Objectivesand Rating Yourself 30
Task 1.45 Evaluating:Checking Attitudes 30
WHERE TO GO FOR MORE INFORMATION 31
2 Time and Space 33
INTRODUCTION 34
PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 34
YOUR SUCCESS PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 34
Task 2.1 Evaluating:Thinking About Yourself 35
Task 2.2 Expanding Your Knowledge:Taking Your Time 35
CULTURAL PATTERN 1:TWO CONCEPTS OF TIME 36
Task 2.3 Prereading:Breaking Down a Word 36
Task 2.4 Reading:Looking for New Information 37
Task 2.5 Postreading:Working with Words 38
Task 2.6 Expanding Your Knowledge:Considering the Meaning of Proverbs 39
Task 2.7 Prelistening:Using Visual Symbols 40
Task 2.8 Listening:Looking at Your Drawings 40
Task 2.9 Postlistening:Making a"Time Continuum" 41
Task 2.10 Expanding Your Knowledge:Synthesizing What You Know in a Concept Map of Monochronic Culture 41
Task 2.11 Expanding Your Knowledge:Synthesizing What You Know in a Concept Map of Polychronic Cultures 42
CULTURAL PATTERN 2:BEHAVIOR IN TWO"TIME ZONES" 43
Task 2.12 Prereading:Thinking About Working Mothers 43
Task 2.13 Reading:Looking for Details 43
Task 2.14 Postreading:Getting to Know Betty 44
Task 2.15 Expanding Your Knowledge:Considering People You Know from M-Cultures 44
Task 2.16 Prelistening:Considering a Key Word 45
Task 2.17 Listening:Prioritizing 45
Task 2.18 Postlistening:Understanding Jorge 46
Task 2.19 Expanding Your Knowledge:Considering People You Know from P-Cultures 46
Task 2.20 Expanding Your Knowledge:Thinking About Time in Other Cultures 47
Task 2.21 Expanding Your Knowledge:Doing a"Time"Role-Play 47
CULTURAL PATTERN 3:THE CONNECTION OF TIME AND SPACE:TWO PERSPECTIVES 48
Task 2.22 Prereading:Predicting the Kind of Writing 48
Task 2.23 Reading:Looking for Differences in Content and Style 48
Task 2.24 Postreading:Comparing Two Perspectives After the Reading 49
CULTURAL PATTERN 4:YOUR OWN TERRITORY AND SPACE 50
Task 2.25 Prelistening:Thinking About the Bubble 50
Task 2.26 Listening:Listen for the Images 50
Task 2.27 Postlistening:Analyzing What You Heard 51
Task 2.28 Prereading:Standing Near and Far 51
Task 2.29 Reading:Drawing a Diagram 51
Task 2.30 Postreading:Comparing Across Cultures 52
Task 2.31 Prelistening:Considering the Clichés 53
Task 2.32 Listening:Separating the Serious from the Funny 53
Task 2.33 Postlistening:Understanding Space 54
CULTURAL PATTERN 5:SPACE IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD 54
Task 2.34 Prereading:Asking Questions 54
Task 2.35 Reading:Locating Evidence 54
Task 2.36 Postreading:Exploring the Reading and Going Further 56
Task 2.37 Prelistening:Predicting What's Coming 57
Task 2.38 Listening:Checking Yourself 57
Task 2.39 Postlistening:Explaining About Personal Space 58
Task 2.40 Prereading:Skimming with First Sentences 58
Task 2.41 Reading:Paying Careful Attention 58
Task 2.42 Postreading:Giving Your Views and Feelings 59
Task 2.43 Prelistening:Considering What You Already Know 60
Task 2.44 Listening:Looking for New Information 60
Task 2.45 Postlistening:Considering the Contrasts 60
Task 2.46 Expanding Your Knowledge:Judging Your Preferred Personal Space 61
Task 2.47 Expanding Your Knowledge:Understanding the Backing-Off Syndrome 61
Task 2.48 Expanding Your Knowledge:Playing Roles About Personal Space 61
Task 2.49 Expanding Your Knowledge:Interviewing Someone About Personal Space 62
Task 2.50 Expanding Your Knowledge:Taking a Field Trip to Another Part of Town 62
WORD PATTERNS 63
Task 2.51 Wordbuilding:Organizing the New Vocabulary 63
CHECKING YOUR SUCCESS 64
Task 2.52 Evaluating:Reviewing the Objectives and Rating Yourself 64
WHERE TO GO FOR MORE INFORMATION 64
3 Let's Get Physical 67
INTRODUCTION 68
PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 68
YOUR SUCCESS PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 69
Task 3.1 Evaluating:Thinking About Yourself 69
CULTURAL PATTERN 1:TOUCH 69
Task 3.2 Prelistening:Talking About Touch 69
Task 3.3 Listening:Making a Chart 70
Task 3.4 Postlistening:Checking with Others 70
Task 3.5 Prereading:Greeting Others 71
Task 3.6 Reading:Highlighting with an Underline 71
Task 3.7 Postreading:Monitoring Your Understanding and Attention 72
Task 3.8 Expanding Your Knowledge:Completing the Handshake Chart 72
Task 3.9 Expanding Your Knowledge:Taking the Pulse 73
Task 3.10 Expanding Your Knowledge:Separating Fact from Opinion 74
Task 3.11 Expanding Your Knowledge:Experimenting with Gestures and Observing Responses 75
Task3.12 Expanding Your Knowledge:Doing a"Trust Fall" 75
Task 3.13 Expanding Your Knowledge:Creating a Cultural Guidebook on Touch 76
CULTURAL PATTERN 2:GESTURES 77
Task 3.14 Prelistening:Thinking About Your Own Mistakes 77
Task 3.15 Listening:Finding the Mistakes 77
Task 3.16 Postlistening:Reviewing the Meaning of Certain Gestures 77
Task 3.17 Frereading:Predicting 78
Task 3.18 Reading:Contrasting the Universal and the Specific 78
Task 3.19 Postreading:Considering the Motivation for Using Gestures 79
Task 3.20 Prelistening:Comparing Gestures 80
Task 3.21 Listening:Acting It Out 80
Task 3.22 Postlistening:Outlining 81
Task 3.23 Prereading:Looking at the Map 82
Task 3.24 Reading:Personalizing 82
Task 3.25 Postreading:Making a Personalized Chart 83
Task 3.26 Prelistening:Asking About Impressions 84
Task 3.27 Listening:Distinguishing Between Useful and Dangerous Gestures 84
Task 3.28 Postlistening:Role-Playing the Gestures 84
Task 3.29 Expanding Your Knowledge:Watching Foreign Films 85
Task 3.30 Expanding Your Knowledge:Examining Your Own Gestures 85
Task 3.31 Expanding Your Knowledge:Noticing the Gestures of People Around You 85
Task 3.32 Expanding Your Knowledge:Considering the Most Offensive Gestures 86
Task 3.33 Expanding Your Knowledge:Trying to Avoid Mistakes 86
CULTURAL PATTERN 3:POSTURE 86
Task 3.34 Prereading:Thinking About Posture 86
Task 3.35 Reading:Considering the Importance of Posture 86
Task 3.36 Postreading:Surveying the Postures 87
Task 3.37 Prelistening:Empathizing 88
Task 3.38 Listening:Thinking About Bob and His Hosts 88
Task 3.39 Postlistening:Listing All the Mistakes 88
Task 3.40 Expanding Your Knowledge:Searching for Different Postures 89
Task 3.41 Expanding Your Knowledge:Making a Posture Video 89
Task 3.42 Expanding Your Knowledge:Assessing Your Personal Behaviors 89
CULTURAL PATTERN 4:GAZE 90
Task 3.43 Prereading:Practicing Eye Movements 90
Task 3.44 Reading:LearningEye Language 90
Task 3.45 Postreading:Checking Your Learning of Eye Language 90
Task 3.46 Prelistening:Keep Building Your Eye Language 91
Task 3.47 Listening:Catching the Information While You Listen 91
Task 3.48 Postlistening:Giving Reasons 91
Task 3.49 Prereading:Thinking About Respect 92
Task 3.50 Reading:Finding the Truth 92
Task 3.51 Postreading:Giving Opinions 93
Task 3.52 Prelistening:Mothering 94
Task 3.53 Listening:Searching for the Eyes 94
Task 3.54 Postlistening:Gazing 94
Task 3.55 Expanding Your Knowledge:Making a Concept Map of Gazing 95
Task 3.56 Expanding Your Knowledge:Looking Through Magazines for Gazes 95
Task 3.57 Expanding Your Knowledge:Considering Your Impressions 96
Task 3.58 Expanding Your Knowledge:Creating a Two-Page"Tip Sheet"About Touch,Gesture,Gaze,and Posture 96
WORD PATTERNS 97
Task 3.59 Wordbuilding:Drawing Pictures to Learn Vocabulary 97
CHECKING YOUR SUCCESS 98
Task 3.60 Evaluating:Reviewing the Objectives and Rating Yourself 98
WHERE TO GO FOR MOREINFORMATION 99
4 Families,the Bedrock of Culture 101
INTRODUCTION 102
PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 102
YOUR SUCCESS PATTERNS IN THIS CHAPTER 103
Task 4.1 Evaluating:Thinking About Yourself 103
CULTURAL PATTERN 1:FAMILY STRUCTURES AND YALUES 103
Task 4.2 Prereading:Considering Traditional Cultures and Other Cultures 103
Task 4.3 Reading:Verifying Your Hypotheses 104
Task 4.4 Postreading:Comparing the Cultures 106
Task 4.5 ExpandingYour Knowledge:Analyzing Common Sayings About Families 107
Task 4.6 Prelistening:Understanding Latin American Families 108
Task 4.7 Listening:Comparing and Contrasting 108
Task 4.8 Postlistening:Personalizing the Experience 109
CULTURAL PATTERN 2:PARENTS AND CHILDREN 109
Task 4.9 Prereading:Predicting What JoeMight Say 109
Task4.10 Reading:Avoiding Distractions and Looking for the Main Ideas 109
Task 4.11 Postreading:Comparing Joe's Values with the ValuesYour Parents Taught You 110
Task4.12 Prelistening:Considering What You Know Already 110
Task4.13 Listening:Seeking Out the Names and Features 111
Task 4.14 Postlistening:Breaking the Cycle 111
Task4.15 Prereading:Considering the Background 112
Task 4.16 Reading:Distinguishing Between Generations 112
Task 4.17 Postreading:Bridging the Gap 112
Task 4.18 Prelistening:Thinking About Worries 113
Task4.19 Listening:Understanding Two Poems with Different Points of View 113
Task 4.20 Postlistening:Comparing Concerns 114
Task 4.21 Prereading:Meditating About Mothers 114
Task 4.22 Reading:Comparing the Ideal with Reality 114
Task 4.23 Postreading:Getting Over the Surprise 116
CULTURAL PATTERN 3:MARRIAGE 116
Task 4.24 Prelistening:Looking for a Mate 116
Task4.25 Listening:Seeking the Three Main Qualities 116
Task 4.26 Postlistening:Analyzing the Data 117
Task 4.27 Prereading:Considering When Marriage Began 117
Task 4.28 Reading:Noticing Cold and Heat 117
Task 4.29 Postreading:Feeling the Chill and theWarmth 118
Task 4.30 Prelistening:Contrasting Ideas of Divorce 118
Task 4.31 Listening:Keeping Track of Who's Who 118
Task 4.32 Postlistening:Making Family Trees 118
Task 4.33 Expanding Your Knowledge:Debating About Divorce 119
Task 4.34 Prereading:Thinking About Abuse 120
Task 4.35 Reading:Considering What You Would Do 120
Task 4.36 Postreading:Checking Your Understanding and Your Emotions 121
CULTURAL PATTERN 4:WOMEN'S AND MEN'S ROLES IN FAMILIES(AND OUTSIDE) 121
Task 4.37 Prelistening:Defining the Terms 121
Task 4.38 Listening:Determining Whether YouAgree 122
Task 4.39 Postlistening:Checking the Truth Factor 122
Task 4.40 Prereading:Exploring Oppression 123
Task 4.41 Reading:Citing Instances of Oppression 123
Task 4.42 Postreading:Analyzing What You Read 124
Task 4.43 Prelistening:Getting Ready for the Physical 125
Task 4.44 Listening:Separating More Serious from Less Serious Oppressions 126
Task 4.45 Postlistening:Listing the Physical Oppressions 126
Task 4.46 ExpandingYour Knowledge:Spiking Those Heels 127
Task 4.47 Expanding Your Knowledge:Comparing Gender Roles Historically 127
CULTURAL PATTERN 5:CHILDREN FACE VIOLENCE AT HOME 128
Task 4.48 Prereading:Considering the Problems 128
Task 4.49 Reading:Identffying Problems and Solutions 128
Task 4.50 Postlistening:Wrapping Up 129
Task 4.51 Expanding Your Knowledge: Considering Various Sides of the Issues 130
CULTURAL PATTERN 6:CREATING HAPPIER FAMILIES 132
Task 4.52 Prelistening:Making Suggestions for Change 132
Task 4.53 Listening:Checking Out the Suggestions of Others 132
Task 4.54 Postlistening: Considering Change 132
WORD PATTERNS 133
Task 4.55 Wordbuilding:Assessing the Positive and Negative 133
CHECKING YOUR SUCCESS 134
Task 4.56 Evaluating:Reviewing the Objectives and Rating Yourself 134
WHERE TO GO FOR MORE INFORMATION 135
Afterword 137
Appendix A-1 139
TapescriptAppendix A-2 179