Acknowledgements 10
ContentsIntroduction 10
Information about the TOEFL 11
Total Program Review Routine 14
TOEFL Strategies 16
Test of Written English 16
Test of Spoken English 17
How to Score Your TOEFL Practice Tests 17
Preparation for Section Ⅰ：Listening Comprehension 21
1．Sound and Meaning 22
Part A：Short Statements 22
2．Recognizing Sentences Containing Certain Structures 29
3．Test on Short Statements 43
Part B：Short Conversations 46
1．Linking Vocabulary to Context 46
2．Identifying Language Functions 59
3．Test on Short Conversations 67
Part C：Longer Conversations 70
1．Listening to the Main Points 70
2．Understanding the Meaning 73
3．Test on Longer Conversations 78
Preparation for Section Ⅱ：Structure and Written Expression 81
Parts A and B：Grammar Review 81
1．The Sentence and its Parts 82
2．Nouns 91
3．Pronouns 101
4．Verbs 110
5．Modifiers 128
6．Comparatives 137
7．Connectors 146
8．Using Words 155
9．Test on Section Ⅱ：Structure and Written Expression 172
Preparation for Section Ⅲ： Vocabulary and ReadingComprehension 179
Part A：Vocabulary 179
1．Building Your Vocabulary 179
2．Organizing Your Vocabulary 197
3．Test on Vocabulary 208
Part B：Reading Comprehension 213
1．Reading Strategies 213
2．Determining theMain Idea 219
3．Inferring Meaning 227
4．Restatement 240
5．Multiple Choice Strategies 249
6．Test on Reading Comprehension 253
Preparation for the Test of Written English 259
What is the Test of Written English （TWE）？ 259
The Writing Questions 259
Scores 260
Student Sample Essays Showing Scoring 261
1．From Paragraph to Outlining an Essay 265
2．The Compare/Contrast Essay for the TWE 272
3．Describing and Interpreting a Chart or Graph for the TWE 275
4．Writing the Essay 279
TOEFL Sample Test 283
Section Ⅰ Listening Comprehension 283
Section Ⅱ：Structure and Written Expression 291
Section Ⅲ：Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension 297
Test of Written English 307
Tapescript for Section I 309
Part A：Short Statements 309
1．Sound and Meaning 309
2．Recognizing Sentences Containing Certain Structures 312
3．Test on Short Statements 314
Part B：Short Conversations 315
1．Linking Vocabulary to Context 315
2．Identifying Language Functions 318
3．Test on Short Conversations 321
Part C：Longer Conversations 323
1．Listening to the Main Points 323
2．Understanding the Meaning 324
3．Test on Longer Conversations 326
Section Ⅰ：Listening Comprehension 328
Tapescript for TOEFL Sample Test 328
中文译注 331
Answer Key 397
Section Ⅰ Part A：Short Statements 397
Section Ⅰ Part B：Short Conversations 399
Section Ⅰ Part C：Longer Conversations 400
Section Ⅱ Parts A and B：Grammar Review 401
Section Ⅲ Part A：Vocabulary 409
Section Ⅲ Part B：Reading Comprehension 413
TOEFL Sample Test 415
Index 417