PART ONE WATER RESOURCES 3
CHAPTER 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO WATER RESOURCES 3
1.1 Properties of water 3
1.2 Water resources on the earth 7
1.3 Water resources of China 9
1.4 Hydrologic cycle 13
1.5 Hydropower resources in China 15
CHAPTER 2 THE ROLE OF WATER IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 17
2.1 Water and social-economic development 17
2.2 Water conservancy and ancient civilization 28
2.3 Management of water resources 31
PART TWO WATER RESOURCES PROJECTS 35
CHAPTER 3 WATER RESOURCES PROJECTS AND HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES 35
3.1 Water resources projects 35
3.2 Hydraulic structures 36
3.3 Hydraulic scheme 41
CHAPTER 4 RESERVOIRS 43
4.1 Introduction 43
4.2 Characteristics water levels and capacities of reservoirs 43
4.3 Physical characteristics of reservoirs 45
4.4 Structure components of reservoir 50
CHAPTER 5 DAMS 51
5.1 Introduction 51
5.2 Concrete dams 51
5.3 Embankment dams 86
CHAPTER 6 RELEASE STRUCTURES 116
6.1 Introduction 116
6.2 Spillway 117
6.3 Energy dissipation 125
6.4 Outlet works 128
6.5 Tunnels 134
CHAPTER 7 WATER INTAKE STRUCTURES 135
7.1 Introduction 135
7.2 Submerged(deep)water intake 135
7.3 Surface intake 139
7.4 Pump and pump station 146
CHAPTER 8 RIVER PROJECTS 153
8.1 River morphology 153
8.2 River engineering 154
8.3 Flood-damage mitigation 154
8.4 Navigation engineering 162
CHAPTER 9 HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECTS 171
9.1 Hydroelectricity 171
9.2 Power systems and load 172
9.3 Types of water power development 173
9.4 Conduit system 177
9.5 Hydraulic turbines and generator 183
9.6 Other system in hydropower station 190
9.7 Power house 192
9.8 Pumped storage plants 197
CHAPTER 10 PROJECTS OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 200
10.1 Irrigation 200
10.2 Crop water requirements 200
10.3 Irrigation methods 201
10.4 Irrigation structures 204
10.5 Drainage 212
CHAPTER 11 WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE PROJECTS 214
11.1 Introduction 214
11.2 Planning of water supply 214
11.3 Water quality 215
11.4 Water supply engineering 219
11.5 Urban drainage system 222
CHAPTER 12 WATER ENVIRONMENT PROJECTS 225
12.1 Introduction 225
12.2 Water and soil conservancy 225
12.3 Water pollution 232
CHAPTER 13 GATES AND VALVES 237
13.1 Gates 237
13.2 Gate hoist 240
13.3 Valves 240
CHAPTER 14 ROCK STRUCTURES 244
14.1 Introduction 244
14.2 Rock 244
14.3 Rock mass 248
14.4 Tunnel 250
14.5 Support and lining 252
14.6 Underground hydropower plant 256
14.7 Rock slides 259
PART THREE IMPLEMENTATION OF WATER RESOURCES PROJECTCHAPTER 15 INVESTIGATION 265
15.1 Introduction 265
15.2 Basin surveys 265
15.3 Topographic surveys 265
15.4 Hydrologic data 267
15.5 Geology investigation 268
15.6 Materials for construction 274
15.7 Environmental investigation 275
CHAPTER 16 PLANNING FOR WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING 276
16.1 Introduction 276
16.2 Prime function of the development 276
CHAPTER 17 DESIGN FOR PROJECT 300
17.1 Contents of design 300
17.2 Design phases 300
17.3 Design methods 302
CHAPTER 18 CONSTRUCTION FOR PROJECTS 306
18.1 Project management 306
18.2 River diversion 313
18.3 Some advantage construction techniques 316
18.4 Construction machinery 323
CHAPTER 19 MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESPURCES PROJECTS 334
19.1 Reservoir operation 334
19.2 Safety management of water resources projects 336
CHAPTER 20 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 342
20.1 Water resources issues 342
20.2 Strategies on development 344
20.3 The duties of modern management of water resources 346
20.4 Methodology of sustainable development of water resources 350