Chapter 1 Intercultural Communication 1
1.1 The Introduction of Intercultural Communication 1
1.2 The Development of Intercultural Communication 4
1.3 Problems in Intercultural Communication 8
1.4 Intercultural Communication vs. Cross-Cultural Communication 11
1.5 Improving Intercultural Communication 13
1.6 The Advantages of Intercultural Communication 16
1.7 Six Barriers to Intercultural Communication 18
1.8 Communicating Across Cultures 20
Summary 22
Chapter 2 Communication 23
2.1 What Is Communication 23
2.2 The Communication from Macro Angle 26
2.3 The Understanding Aspects of Communication 32
2.4 The Characteristics of Communication 34
Summary 37
Chapter 3 Culture 38
3.1 Introduction of Culture 38
3.2 The Aspects of Culture 40
3.3 High-Context and Low-Context Cultures 42
3.4 The Relationship between Culture and Communication 44
Summary 48
Chapter 4 Cultural Differences 50
4.1 Basic Difference 50
4.2 Cultural Dimensions 53
4.3 The Individual Culture and the Collective Culture in Different Society 56
Summary 60
Chapter 5 Culture and Language 61
5.1 Language and Its Culture Influence 61
5.2 Language in Practice 64
5.3 Language,Thoughts and Culture 68
5.4 Language and Culture in Translation 70
Summary 73
Chapter 6 Culture and Verbal Communication 74
6.1 Verbal Patterns 74
6.2 Culture in Communication 76
6.3 The Impact of Confucianism on Communication 80
6.4 Cultural Attitude toward Verbal Communication 83
6.5 Hospitality 88
6.6 Greeting and Concern 91
6.7 Money 93
6.8 Modesty 95
6.9 Compliments 97
6.10 Gratitude and Apology 100
6.11 No Politeness 101
6.12 Visiting and Parting 102
6.13 Courtesy of Visiting and Parting 104
6.14 Common Topics in China and the West 108
6.15 Gift-Giving Etiquette 109
Summary 114
Chapter 7 Culture and Nonverbal Communication 115
7.1 The Silent Language 115
7.2 Some Nonverbal Behaviors in Different Cultures 118
7.3 Black Walk and Japanese Bow 123
7.4 Functions of Nonverbal Behaviors in Communication 125
7.5 Body Language 129
7.6 Eye Contact 131
7.7 Facial Expressions 132
7.8 Paralanguage 134
7.9 Time Language 137
7.10 Space Language 139
7.11 Immediacy Behaviors in Teaching Context 142
Summary 143
Chapter 8 Time and Culture 145
8.1 Cultural Differences in Time Sense 145
8.2 Cultural Conceptions in Time 147
8.3 Patterning of Time in Different Cultures 153
8.4 Culture Shock in Future 156
Summary 158
Chapter 9 Space and Culture 160
9.1 Introduction of Personal Space 160
9.2 The Language of Space 162
9.3 The Use of Space in Culture 165
9.4 The Expression of Culture in Space 170
Summary 173
Chapter 10 Generation Gap in Communication 174
10.1 The Origin of Generation Gap 174
10.2 Living Generations of Americans 180
10.3 The Trend of Generation Gap 184
Summary 187
Chapter 11 Gender Differences 189
11.1 Different Expressions 189
11.2 Miscommunication 194
11.3 How to Learn to Become Male or Female 197
Summary 200
Chapter 12 Culture and International Business 201
12.1 Culture in International Business 201
12.2 Cross-culture Negotiation 204
12.3 Two Casts of Minds 209
12.4 The Globalization of Business 212
Summary 215
Chapter 13 Intercultural Perception 217
13.1 Different Images 217
13.2 Stereotypes 219
13.3 Ethnocentrism 221
Summary 225
Chapter 14 Culture Shock and Adaptation 227
14.1 Two Views of Culture Shock 227
14.2 Adjustment and Reentry Processes 229
14.3 Qualities of Mindfulness 236
14.4 Managing Conflict in Communication 240
Summary 243
Chapter 15 Intercultural Understanding 244
15.1 How to Improve Intercultural Understanding 244
15.2 How to Communicate Effectively with Strangers 246
15.3 How to Overcome Ethnocentrism in Communication 252
15.4 A Matter of Survival 255
Chapter 16 Naming and Addressing 260
16.1 Naming 260
16.2 Different Meanings of Names 263
16.3 Ways of Addressing 265
16.4 Kinship 270
Chapter 17 Culture-loaded Words in Communication 276
17.1 Cultural Differences in Colors 277
17.2 Words in Economy 280
17.3 Proverbs and Idioms about Proverbs 282
17.4 Numbers 284
17.5 Taboos 286
Summary 291