Chapter 1 Chinese Poetry and Its Translation 1
1.1 Chinese Poetry 1
1.1.1 General History of Chinese Poetry 1
1.1.2 Classification and Characteristics of Poetry 5
1.2 Poetry Translation 8
1.3 Criteria of Poetry Translation 12
Exercises 17
Chapter 2 Poetry Appreciation and Artistic Conception 19
2.1 Poetry Appreciation 19
2.1.1 Investigating the Writing Background 19
2.1.2 Finding the Key Words in Poems 21
2.1.3 Determining the Genre of Poetry 22
2.1.4 Inspecting the Technique of Expression 22
2.1.5 Attaching Great Importance to Images 24
2.1.6 Deepening Understanding and Appreciating the Artistic Conception 24
2.2 Artistic Conception 27
2.2.1 Definition 28
2.2.2 Development History in Literature 31
2.2.3 Characteristics 33
2.2.4 Function and Aesthetic Nature/Essence 36
2.2.5 Constituents：Images，Feelings，Poetic Language and Musicality 38
2.2.6 Fuzziness and Artistic Conception 41
Exercises 42
Chapter 3 Appreciation and Analysis of Images 43
3.1 Image and Its History 44
3.1.1 History of Image 44
3.1.2 Definition 44
3.1.3 Function 46
3.2 Classification of Images 47
3.3 Appreciation and Analysis of Dynamic Images and Static Images 49
3.3.1 Employing Counterparts in TL 51
3.3.2 Shifting Static Images to Dynamic Ones or Vice Versa 59
3.4 Appreciation and Analysis of Juxtaposed Images 66
3.5 Appreciation and Analysis of Culture-loaded Images 76
3.5.1 Culture-loaded Images and Artistic Conception 78
3.5.2 Language Relativity and Cultural Default 80
3.5.3 Allusion Images 83
3.5.4 Appreciating Four Commonly Used Translating Methods 86
3.5.5 Appreciating Reproduction of Numbers in Poems 93
3.5.6 Mistranslation of Culture-loaded Images 98
Exercises 103
Chapter 4 Appreciation and Analysis of Figurative Language 105
4.1 Figurative Language in Classical Chinese Poetry Translation 105
4.1.1 Fu，Bi，Xing and Figurative Language 106
4.1.2 Importance of Figurative Language 107
4.1.3 Reproduction of Metaphor 109
4.2 Appreciation and Analysis of Metaphor 112
4.3 Appreciation and Analysis of Xing or Symbolization 119
4.3.1 Reproduction of Xing or Symbolization in Translation 119
4.3.2 Appreciation and Analysis of Xing or Symbolization 120
4.4 Appreciation of Refined Words and Expressions 127
Exercises 130
Chapter 5 Appreciation and Analysis of Musicality 132
5.1 Musicality in Classical Chinese Poetry 132
5.1.1 Rhyme 137
5.1.2 Rhythm 141
5.2 Appreciation and Analysis of Meter，Rhyme and Rhythm 142
5.3 Appreciation and Analysis of Onomatopoeia 148
Exercises 153
Chapter 6 Appreciation and Analysis of Fuzziness in Classical Chinese Poetry 155
6.1 Fuzziness in Classical Chinese Poetry Translation 155
6.2 Appreciation and Analysis of Reproduction of Fuzziness 161
6.2.1 Appreciation and Analysis of Reproduction of Fuzzy Images 161
6.2.2 Appreciation and Analysis of Reproduction of Fuzzy Numbers 173
6.3 Loss/Limitation of Fuzziness in Translation 182
Exercises 187
Chapter 7 Factors Influencing Classical Chinese Poetry Appreciation 189
7.1 Cultural Factors 193
7.2 Translator-related Factors 202
7.2.1 Translator's Own Cultural Accomplishment and Language Proficiency 203
7.2.2 Strategy of Translation 204
7.3 Reader-related Factors 205
7.4 Fuzzy Language 206
Exercises 210
Appendix 212
Bibliography 245
Acknowledgements 253