Part 1 Grammar 1
Verbs-main tenses 1
Unit 1 The present continuous 3
Unit 2 The present simple 5
Unit 3 The past simple 8
Unit 4 The past continuous 10
Unit 5 The present perfect simple 12
Unit 6 The present perfect continuous 14
Unit 7 The past perfect 16
Unit 8 The future with will 18
Unit 9 The future with going to 20
Unit 10 The conditionals 22
Unit 11 Tense review 25
Unit 12 Verb...ing 26
Verbs-other forms 26
Unit 13 Infinitive 28
Unit 14 Verb...ing or infinitive＋to 30
Unit 15 Verb＋object＋infinitive 32
Verbs-auxillaries and modais 32
Unit 16 Will and would 34
Unit 17 May and might 36
Unit 18 Can and could 38
Unit 19 Must,mustn t and needn t 40
Unit 20 Shall and should Verbs-volce 40
Unit 21 Active 44
Unit 22 Passive 46
Verbs-otherUnit 23 Be 48
Unit 24 Verbs of speaking:say,tell,talk,speak and discuss 51
Unit 25 Verbs ofreporting 53
Unit 26 Verbs ofthe senses 55
Unit 27 Arise,rise,raise,lie and lay 57
Unit 28 Verbs＋adjectives 59
Unit 29 Have,have got and get 61
Unit 30 Makeversusdo 63
Unit 31 Verb＋preposition 64
Unit 32 Verb＋object＋preposition 67
Unit 33 Verb＋adverb(phrasal verb) 69
Sentence and clause types 69
Unit 34 Sentence types-simple and complex 71
Unit 35 Connecting ideas 73
Unit 36 Subordinate clauses 75
Unit 37 Reported speech 77
Unit 38 Questions 80
Unit 39 Relative clauses 84
Unit 40 Clauses ofcontrast 87
Unit 41 Clauses ofcause or reason 89
Unit 42 Clauses ofpurpose 90
Unit 43 Clauses oftime 92
Unit 44 -ing and-ed clauses 94
NounsUnit 45 Nouns 95
Unit 46 Noun compounds 97
Unit 47 Genitive forms 99
Adjectives and adverbs 99
Unit 48 Adjectives versus adverbs 101
Unit 49 Adjective modification with adverbs 103
Unit 50 Comparison ofadjectives 105
Unit 51 Expressions offrequency 107
Unit 52 Degree with very,too and enough 109
Unit 53 Soversussuch 111
Unit 54 Already,yet,again and still 112
DeterminersUnit 55 Articles 114
Unit 56 Pronouns 116
Unit 57 Demonstratives 118
Unit 58 Some,any and related words 119
Unit 59 Quantifiers with all,many,much,several,(a)few,(a)little and no 122
Unit 60 Both,either and neither 124
Unit 61 Each,every and compounds 126
Unit 62 Numerals 128
PrepositionsUnit 63 Time 132
Unit 64 Place 135
Unit 65 Like versus as 138
Part 2 Functions 139
Information-handling 139
Unit 66 Classifying information 141
Unit 67 Connecting and sequencing ideas 143
Unit 68 Describing trends 146
Unit 69 Describing the organisation 151
Unit 70 Asserting and toning down information 153
Unit 71 Equating and including ideas 155
Unit 72 Comparing and contrasting ideas 157
Unit 73 Checking and confirming information 160
Expressing attitudes 162
Unit 74 Likes and preferences 162
Unit 75 Asking for and giving opinions 164
Unit 76 Agreeing and disagreeing 166
Describing logical and personal relations 166
Unit 77 Cause and effect 168
Unit 78 Obligations and requirements 170
Unit 79 Ability and inability 172
Unit 80 Scale of likelihood 174
Unit 81 Advising and suggesting 176
Unit 82 Requesting information and action COMMUNICATION 181
Introduction 183
Skill 1 Presentations 184
Background 184
Pre-preparation and planning 185
Preparing your presentation 185
Structuring your presentation 187
Skill 2 Meetings 190
Background 190
What makes a good meeting? 190
Chairing a meeting 191
Partici pating in a meeting 195
Questioning techniques,style and language 195
Skill 3 Telephoning 197
Background 197
Structuring a call 197
Telephone techniques 200
Skill 4 Letter-writing 202
Background 202
Structuring a letter 202
Skill 5 Report-writing 211
Background 211
Checklist of operations 212
Planning your report 212
Structuring your report 213
Writing your report 215
Skill 6 Social language 217
Background 217
Making friends and influencing people 217
Social contact 218
Checklist for effective communication 227
Index 229