商业英语语言手册Language reference for business English 语法·功能·交际技巧PDF电子书下载

Part 1 Grammar 1

Verbs-main tenses 1

Unit 1 The present continuous 3

Unit 2 The present simple 5

Unit 3 The past simple 8

Unit 4 The past continuous 10

Unit 5 The present perfect simple 12

Unit 6 The present perfect continuous 14

Unit 7 The past perfect 16

Unit 8 The future with will 18

Unit 9 The future with going to 20

Unit 10 The conditionals 22

Unit 11 Tense review 25

Unit 12 Verb...ing 26

Verbs-other forms 26

Unit 13 Infinitive 28

Unit 14 Verb...ing or infinitive＋to 30

Unit 15 Verb＋object＋infinitive 32

Verbs-auxillaries and modais 32

Unit 16 Will and would 34

Unit 17 May and might 36

Unit 18 Can and could 38

Unit 19 Must,mustn t and needn t 40

Unit 20 Shall and should Verbs-volce 40

Unit 21 Active 44

Unit 22 Passive 46

Verbs-otherUnit 23 Be 48

Unit 24 Verbs of speaking:say,tell,talk,speak and discuss 51

Unit 25 Verbs ofreporting 53

Unit 26 Verbs ofthe senses 55

Unit 27 Arise,rise,raise,lie and lay 57

Unit 28 Verbs＋adjectives 59

Unit 29 Have,have got and get 61

Unit 30 Makeversusdo 63

Unit 31 Verb＋preposition 64

Unit 32 Verb＋object＋preposition 67

Unit 33 Verb＋adverb(phrasal verb) 69

Sentence and clause types 69

Unit 34 Sentence types-simple and complex 71

Unit 35 Connecting ideas 73

Unit 36 Subordinate clauses 75

Unit 37 Reported speech 77

Unit 38 Questions 80

Unit 39 Relative clauses 84

Unit 40 Clauses ofcontrast 87

Unit 41 Clauses ofcause or reason 89

Unit 42 Clauses ofpurpose 90

Unit 43 Clauses oftime 92

Unit 44 -ing and-ed clauses 94

NounsUnit 45 Nouns 95

Unit 46 Noun compounds 97

Unit 47 Genitive forms 99

Adjectives and adverbs 99

Unit 48 Adjectives versus adverbs 101

Unit 49 Adjective modification with adverbs 103

Unit 50 Comparison ofadjectives 105

Unit 51 Expressions offrequency 107

Unit 52 Degree with very,too and enough 109

Unit 53 Soversussuch 111

Unit 54 Already,yet,again and still 112

DeterminersUnit 55 Articles 114

Unit 56 Pronouns 116

Unit 57 Demonstratives 118

Unit 58 Some,any and related words 119

Unit 59 Quantifiers with all,many,much,several,(a)few,(a)little and no 122

Unit 60 Both,either and neither 124

Unit 61 Each,every and compounds 126

Unit 62 Numerals 128

PrepositionsUnit 63 Time 132

Unit 64 Place 135

Unit 65 Like versus as 138

Part 2 Functions 139

Information-handling 139

Unit 66 Classifying information 141

Unit 67 Connecting and sequencing ideas 143

Unit 68 Describing trends 146

Unit 69 Describing the organisation 151

Unit 70 Asserting and toning down information 153

Unit 71 Equating and including ideas 155

Unit 72 Comparing and contrasting ideas 157

Unit 73 Checking and confirming information 160

Expressing attitudes 162

Unit 74 Likes and preferences 162

Unit 75 Asking for and giving opinions 164

Unit 76 Agreeing and disagreeing 166

Describing logical and personal relations 166

Unit 77 Cause and effect 168

Unit 78 Obligations and requirements 170

Unit 79 Ability and inability 172

Unit 80 Scale of likelihood 174

Unit 81 Advising and suggesting 176

Unit 82 Requesting information and action COMMUNICATION 181

Introduction 183

Skill 1 Presentations 184

Background 184

Pre-preparation and planning 185

Preparing your presentation 185

Structuring your presentation 187

Skill 2 Meetings 190

Background 190

What makes a good meeting? 190

Chairing a meeting 191

Partici pating in a meeting 195

Questioning techniques,style and language 195

Skill 3 Telephoning 197

Background 197

Structuring a call 197

Telephone techniques 200

Skill 4 Letter-writing 202

Background 202

Structuring a letter 202

Skill 5 Report-writing 211

Background 211

Checklist of operations 212

Planning your report 212

Structuring your report 213

Writing your report 215

Skill 6 Social language 217

Background 217

Making friends and influencing people 217

Social contact 218

Checklist for effective communication 227

Index 229