Lessons 1一14 1
Lesson 1 1
LESSON FOCUS The Present Tense of Be 1
READING The United States 2
1．1 Forms of Be 4
1．2 Uses of Be 4
1．3 Word order with Be 5
1．4 The Subject 6
READING Postcard from New York City 8
1．5 Contractions with Be 9
1．6 Be with Descriptions 10
1．7 Be with Definitions 12
1．8 Be with Location and Origin 15
1．9 This，That，These，Those 17
1．10 Negative Statements with Be 18
READING Conversation about Life in the U.S. 23
1．11 Be in Yes/No Questions and Short Answers 24
1．12 Wh-Questions 27
1．13 Questions with What and How 29
Summary 32
Editing Advice 33
Test/Review 35
Expansion Activities 39
LESSON FOCUS Simple Present Tense 43
Lesson 2 43
READING Washington，D.C. 44
2．1 Simple Present Tense—Forms 45
2．2 Simple Present Tense—Uses 46
2．3 Spelling of the -s Form 47
2．4 Pronunciation of the -s Form 48
2．5 Comparing Affirmative Statements with Be and Other Verbs 49
READING Meet Sara Harris 50
2．6 Negative Statements with the Simple Present Tense 51
2．7 Comparing Negative Statements with Be and Other Verbs 54
2．8 Yes/No Questions and Short Answers with the Simple Present Tense 56
2．9 Comparing Yes/No Questions with Be and Other Verbs 60
2．10 Or Questions 61
2．11 Wh-Questions with the Simple Present Tense 62
2．12 Wh-Questions with Prepositions 62
2．13 Questions about Meaning，Spelling，and Cost 65
2．14 Comparing Wh-Questions with Be and Other Verbs 67
Summary 69
Editing Advice 70
Test/Review 72
Expansion Activities 77
Lesson 3 81
LESSON FOCUS Singular and Plural；Articles and Quantity Words；There+Be+Noun 81
READING Americans and Where They Live 82
3．1 Regular Noun Plurals 83
3．2 Pronunciation of Plural Nouns 84
3．3 Irregular Noun Plurals 85
3．4 Making Generalizations 86
READING Finding an Apartment 91
3．5 Using There+Be 92
3．6 Questions with There 94
3．7 There vs.They and Other Pronouns 97
READING Calling About an Apartment 99
3．8 Articles and Quantity Words 99
Summary 101
Editing Advice 102
Test/Review 103
Expansion Activities 105
Lesson 4 109
LESSON FOCUS Frequency Words with the Simple Present Tense；Prepositions of Time 109
READING Three Special Days 110
4．1 Frequency Words with the Simple Present Tense 111
4．2 Position of Frequency Words 112
4．3 Yes/No Questions with Ever 114
4．4 Frequency Expressions and Questions with How Often 117
4．5 Prepositions of Time 121
Summary 122
Editing Advice 123
Test/Review 123
Expansion Activities 126
Lesson 5 129
LESSON FOCUS Possession；Object Pronouns 129
5．1 Posssessive Form of Nouns 130
READING Names 130
5．2 Posssessive Adjectives 132
5．3 Questions with Whose 133
5．4 Possessive Pronouns 134
5．5 The Subject and the Object 136
READING William Madison s Name 136
5．6 Object Pronouns 137
5．7 Questions about the Subject or about the Complement 142
Summary 144
Editing Advice 145
Test/Review 147
Expansion Activities 150
Lesson 6 153
LESSON FOCUS The Present Continuous Tense 153
READING Student Life 154
6．1 The Present Continuous Tense一Forms 155
6．2 The Present Contnuous Tense一Uses 156
6．3 Spelling of the-ing Form 157
6．4 Questions with the Present Continuous Tense 159
6．5 Contrast of Present Continuous and Simple Present 165
READING In the School Cafeteria 165
6．6 Action vs.Nonaction Verbs 167
6．7 Think，Have，and the Sense Perception Verbs 169
Summary 173
Editing Advice 174
Test/Review 175
Expansion Activities 179
LESSON FOCUS Future Tenses一Will and Be Going To 181
Lesson 7 181
READING Registering for Gifts 182
7．1 Future with Will 183
7．2 Future with Be Going To 184
7．3 Will and Be Going To—Uses 185
7．4 Questions with Be Going To and Will 189
7．5 Future Tense+Time/If Clause 191
READING Jason and Katie—Starting a Married Life 197
7．6 Comparison of Tenses 198
Summary 201
Editing Advice 202
Test/Review 203
Test on Comparison of Tenses 206
Expansion Activities 208
Lesson 8 211
LESSON FOCUS The Simple Past Tense 211
READING The Wright Brothers—Men with a vision 212
8．1 The Simple Past Tense of Regular Verbs 213
8．2 Spelling of the Past Tense of Regular Verbs 214
8．3 Pronunciation of-ed Past Forms 215
READING Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart 216
8．4 Past Tense of Be 217
8．5 Uses of Be 218
8．6 Questions with Was/Were 219
8．7 Simple Past Tense of Irregular Verbs 221
READING Robert Goddard 223
8．8 Negative Forms of Past Tense Verbs 225
8．9 Questions with Past Tense Verbs 228
8．10 Questions about the Subject 233
Summary 236
Editing Advice 237
Test/Review 238
Expansion Activities 242
Lesson 9 245
LESSON FOCUS Imperatives； Infinitives；Modals 245
READING Application for Check Cashing 246
9．1 Using Imperatives 247
9．2 Let s 249
READING Getting the Best Price 251
9．3 Verbs Followed by an Infinitive 252
9．4 It+Be+Adjective+Infinitive 254
9．5 Be+Adjective+Infinitive 255
9．6 Using the Infinitive to Show Purpose 256
9．7 Overview of Modals 257
READING Smart Shopping:Coupons，Rebates，and Rain Checks 258
9．8 Can 259
9．9 Should 261
9．10 Must 264
9．11 Must vs.Have To 265
9．12 Might，May，Will 267
READING At the Customer Service Counter 269
9．13 Making Polite Commands and Requests with Modals 269
Summary 270
Editing Advice 272
Test/Review 273
Expansion Activities 277
LESSON FOCUS Count and Noncount Nouns；Quantity Words 281
Lesson 10 281
READING A Healthy Diet 282
10．1 Noncount Nouns 283
10．2 Ways We See Noncount Nouns 285
10．3 A Lot of，Much，Many 286
10．4 A Few，A little 287
10．5 Some，Any，and A 288
10．6 A Lot of vs. Too Much/Too Many 292
10．7 Too Much/Too Many vs.too 293
Summary 296
Editing Advice 296
Test/Review 298
Expansion Activities 300
Lesson 11 303
LESSON FOCUS Adjectives；Noun Modifiers；Adverbs 303
READING Helen Keller 304
11．1 Adjectives，Noun Modifers，and Adverbs 305
11．2 Adjectives 306
11．3 Noun Modifiers 307
11．4 Adverbs of Manner 308
11．5 Spelling of-ly Adverbs 309
READING Grandma Moses 313
11．6 Too vs.Very 313
11．7 Too vs.Enough 314
Summary 315
Editing Advice 316
Test/Review 317
Expansion Activities 319
Lesson 12 321
LESSON FOCUS Comparatives；Superlatives 321
READING U.S. Geography 322
12．1 Comparatives and Superlatives 323
12．2 Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs 323
12．3 Superlative Adjectives 325
12．4 Superlatives and Wold Order 328
READING A Tale of Two Cities 329
12．5 Comparisons 330
12．6 Word Order with Comparisons 332
Summary 336
Editing Advice 337
Test/Review 337
Expansion Activities 339
Lesson 13 343
LESSON FOCUS Auxiliary Verbs with Too and Either； Auxiliary Verbs in Tag Questions 343
READING Football and Soccer 344
13．1 Auxiliary Verbs with Too and Either 345
13．2 Auxiliary Verbs with Opposite Statements 346
13．3 Auxiliary Verbs in Tag Questions 349
13．4 Answering a Tag Question 353
Summary 356
Editing Advice 357
Test/Review 357
Expansion Activities 360
Lesson 14 363
LESSON FOCUS Verb Review 363
READING Letter from Puerto Rico 364
14．1 Verb Tenses—Uses 365
14．2 Statements and Questions 367
14．3 Modals and Infinitives 372
Expansion Activities 376
Appendices A一K 379
A. The Verb GET 379
B. MAKE and DO 381
C. Question Formation 382
D. Alphabetical List of Irregular Past Forms 384
E. Meanings of Modals and Related Words 385
F. Capitalization Rules 386
G. Metric Conversion Chart 387
H. Prepositions of Time 389
I. Glossary of Grammatical Terms（语法术语） 390
J. Verbs and Adjectives Followed by a Preposition 395
K. My Wrod Bank 396
Answer Key 407
Answer key 407
Index 447
Index 447