PART Ⅰ IN PREHISTORY 1
CHAPTER Ⅰ DISTINCTIVE FEATURES：GEOGRAPHIC，HISTORICAL，CULTURAL 3
CHAPTER Ⅱ THE MOUNTAIN AND THE PLAIN 11
CHAPTER Ⅲ CLIMATE，PLANT AND ANIMAL LIFE 25
CHAPTER Ⅳ IN PRE-LITERARY TIMES 42
CHAPTER Ⅴ THE METAL AGE 57
PART Ⅱ ANCIENT SEMITIC TIMES 65
CHAPTER Ⅵ THE CANAANITES：FIRST MAJOR COMMUNITY IN LEBANON 67
CHAPTER Ⅶ PERIOD OF INDEPENDENCE：TRADE，ARTS AND COLONIES 92
CHAPTER Ⅷ LITERATURE，RELIGION AND OTHER CULTURAL ASPECTS 122
CHAPTER Ⅸ WITHIN THE SPHERE OF ASSYRO-BABYLONIAN INFLUENCE 141
CHAPTER Ⅹ A PERSIAN PROVINCE 150
PART Ⅲ THE GRECO-ROMAN PERIOD 157
CHAPTER Ⅺ ALEXANDER AND HIS SUCCESSORS，THE SELEUCIDS 159
CHAPTER Ⅻ ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ASPECTS：HELLENIZATION 174
CHAPTER ⅩⅢ UNDER ROMAN SWAY 185
CHAPTER ⅩⅣ INTELLECTUAL INTERESTS 201
CHAPTER ⅩⅤ LEBANON CHRISTIANIZED 205
CHAPTER ⅩⅥ HELIOPOLIS A RELIGIOUS AND BERYTUS AND EDUCATIONAL CENTRE 213
PART Ⅳ THE ARAB ERA 233
CHAPTER ⅩⅦ IN THE EMBRACE OF ISLAM 235
CHAPTER ⅩⅧ MARONITES，DRUZES AND OTHER SECTARIANS 244
CHAPTER ⅩⅨ UNDER THE＇ABBASID CALIPHATE AND SUCCESSOR STATES 266
CHAPTER ⅩⅩ WEST MEETS EAST-THE CRUSADES 281
CHAPTER ⅩⅪ LATIN-LEBANESE INTERRELATIONSHIP 310
CHAPTER ⅩⅫ LIFE IN THE FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH CENTURIES 327
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅢ ON THE EVE OF OTTOMAN ASCENDANCY 347
PART Ⅴ UNDER THE OTTOMAN TURKS 355
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅣ UNDER THE CRESCENT AND THE STAR 357
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅤ THE PRINCES OF THE MOUNTAIN：THE MA＇NS 371
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅥ THE PRINCES OF THE MOUNTAIN：THE SHIHABS 386
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅦ FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS 398
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅧ THE NINETEENTH：A CENTURY OF CHANGE 412
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅨ TWO DECADES OF CIVIL DISTURBANCE：1840 TO 1860 433
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅩ THE MUTA？ARRIF？YAH OF JABAL LUBNAN 442
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅪ THE IMPACT OF THE WEST AND THE MODERN AWAKENING 452
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅫ ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL UPHEAVALS 470
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅩⅢ TWO WORLD WARS AND THE MANDATE BETWEEN 483
CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅩⅣ UNDER THE CEDAR FLAG：PROBLEMS AND PROGRESS 497
INDEX 509