Unit One Elements of Poetry 2
Part 1 Defining and Enjoying Poetry 2
1．Defining Poetry 2
William Blake:The Echoing Green 4
2．The Pleasures of Poetry 8
Robert Frost:Dust of Snow 10
Part 2 Elements of Poetry 15
1．Speaker 16
Anonymous:The Lover 17
Anonymous:Sudden Moods 17
Li Zhiyi:Song of Divination 19
Alexander Pushkin:To…(Kern) 20
Anonymous:Love Is 22
William Shakespeare:Sonnet 116 24
2．Lines and Stanzas 28
Anonymous:So Small Are the Flowers of Seamu 29
3．Rhythm and Meter 31
Helene Johnson:Sonnet to a Negro in Harlem 32
4．Repetition 35
5．Rhyme and Other Sound Devices 36
Jean de La Fontaine:The Oak and the Reed 38
EdgarAllan Poe:from The Bells 41
William Edgar Stafford:Traveling Through the Dark 44
6．Imagery 48
Anne Hébert:Spring over the City 48
7．Figures of Speech 52
Fawziyya Abu Khalid:Butterflies 53
Nazik Al-Mala'ika:Elegy for a Woman ofNo Importance 56
8．Structure 59
Pablo Neruda:To the Foot from Its Child 59
9．Theme 64
Emily Dickinson:Crumbling Is Not an Instant's Act 65
Part 3 Understanding Poetry 68
1．Qualifying a Group of Lines as Poetry 68
William Shakespeare:Sonnet 73 68
Louis Zukofsky:I Walk in the Old Street 70
2．Active Reading Strategies 73
3．The Experience of Poetry 74
Robert Hayden:Those Winter Sundays 74
4．The Interpretation of Poetry 76
Robert Frost:Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening 78
5．The Evaluation of Poetry 81
Judith Wright:Rainforest 83
Part 4 Poems for Further Reading 86
Alexander Pushkin:If by Life You Were Deceived 86
Fedor Tyutchev:Silentium! 86
Sergei Yesenin:Scarlet Light of Sunset 88
Edgar Allan Poe:To Helen 89
William Wordsworth:To a Butterfly 91
Léopold Sédar Senghor:Night of Sine 95
Fernando Pessoa:In the Terrible Night 97
Barbara Barnard:Disguises 100
Part 5 Writing About Poetry 102
Unit Two Diction in Poetry 104
Part 1 Word Choice and Word Order 104
1．Poetic Diction 104
2．Denotative and Connotative Meanings 104
Judith Ortiz Cofer:My Father in the Navy:A Childhood Memory 105
3．Levels of Diction 107
Margaret Atwood:The City Planners 108
Wanda Coleman:Sears Life 111
4．Word Choice 113
Walt Whitman:When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer 114
5．Word Order 117
E.E.Cummings:Anyone Lived in a Pretty How Town 119
Part 2 Voice:Speaker and Tone 123
1．The Speaker in the Poem 123
Emily Dickinson:I'm Nobody!Who Are You? 123
William Blake:The Chimney Sweeper 124
William Carlos Williams:Red Wheelbarrow 126
Langston Hughes:Negro 129
2．The Tone of the Poem 131
Robert Frost:Fire and Ice 132
Ruth Fainlight:Flower Feet 133
Stephen Crane:War Is Kind 135
Part 3 Imagery and Figures of Speech 137
1．Imagery:Descriptive Language 137
John Keats:from The Eve of St.Agnes 137
Ezra Pound:In a Station of the Metro 139
William Wordsworth:She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways 141
Andrew Marvell:The Definition ofLove 143
Alfred,Lord Tennyson:Dark House 146
Suzanne Berger:The Meal 148
2．Imagery:Figurative Language 149
George Gordon,Lord Byron:She Walks in Beauty 150
Langston Hughes:Harlem 153
Lawrence Ferlinghetti:Constantly Risking Absurdity 154
Marge Piercy:The Secretary Chant 158
Thosmas Campion:There Is a Garden in Her Face 159
Edmund Waller:Go,Lovely Rose 161
Linda Hogan:from The Truth Is 163
Carl Sandburg:Chicago 166
Part 4 Poems for Further Reading 169
Bei Dao:A Bouquet 169
Christina Rossetti:from Goblin Market 170
William Wordsworth:I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 172
W.H.Auden:Their Lonely Betters 174
Sylvia Plath:Mirror 176
Sylvia Plath:Metaphors 178
Part 5 Writing About Poetry 180
Unit Three Themes in Poetry 182
Part 1 Theme and Meaning 182
1．Determining a Poem's Theme 182
Adrienne Rich:A Woman Mourned by Daughters 183
James Shirley:Death the Leveler 185
Ben Jonson:Song:To Celia 187
John Donne:Song:Go and Catch a Falling Star 189
William Wordsworth:Composed upon Westminster Bridge 193
2．Pathways to Meaning—Four Types of Irony 194
Wilfred Owen:Dulce et Decorum Est 195
Percy Bysshe Shelley:Ozymandias 199
Elizabeth Bishop:One Art 201
Part 2 Symbol and Allegory 204
1．Symbolism 204
Anonymous:Psalm 23 205
William Blake:The Sick Rose 206
Robert Frost:For Once,Then,Something 208
2．Allegory 209
Christina Rossetti:Uphill 210
George Herbert:Virtue 211
Part 3 Allusion and Myth 213
1．Allusion 213
William Meredith:Dreams of Suicide 213
Eduardo Langagne:Discoveries 215
2．Myth 217
Countee Cullen:Yet Do I Marvel 217
Marilyn Hacker:Mythology 218
Part 4 Poems for Further Reading 221
Charles Baudelaire:Correspondences 221
Paul Verlaine:Moonlight 224
Guillaume Apollinaire:Mirabeau Bridge 225
Edith S？dergran:Gather Not Gold and Precious Stones 228
William Blake:Ah,Sunflower 229
William Butler Yeats:The Second Coming 230
William Butler Yeats:Leda and the Swan 233
Wallace Stevens:Anecdote of the Jar 236
Part 5 Writing About Poetry 240
Unit Four Forms of Poetry(Ⅰ) 242
Part 1 Types of Poetry 242
1．Narrative Poetry 242
2．Lyric Poetry 243
John Keats:Ode on a Grecian Urn 244
Philip Larkin:Aubade 249
Elizabeth Alexander:Praise Song for the Day 253
John Ashbery:Vetiver 257
Ben Jonson:On My First Son 260
Part 2 Rhythm and Meter 262
1．Metrical Patterns 262
Emily Dickinson:I Like to See It Lap the Miles— 264
Emily Bront？:The Night Is Darkening Round Me 266
Edward Lear:Calico Pie 268
2．Caesura and Line Breaks 271
William Shakespeare:Sonnet 129 272
John Keats:La Belle Dame sans Merci:A Ballad 275
Theodore Roethke:My Papa's Waltz 280
Part 3 Closed Form(Ⅰ) 283
1．Blank Verse 283
Alfred,Lord Tennyson:Ulysses 284
2．The Couplet 289
Alexander Pope:from Epistle II ofAn Essay on Man 290
3．The Tercet 293
Matsuo Bashō:Haiku 293
Robert Browning:AToccata ofGaluppi's 295
4．The Quatrain 300
Adrienne Rich:Aunt Jennifer's Tigers 301
5．The Ballad Stanza 303
Anonymous:Bonny Barbara Allan 303
6．The Common Measure 307
Donald Hall:My Son,My Executioner 307
Part 4 Poems for Further Reading 310
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe:To the Moon 310
Friedrich H？lderlin:The Neckar 313
Heinrich Heine:The Lorelei 316
Horace:To Licinius 318
Ben Jonson:To Heaven 321
William Butler Yeats:When You Are Old 323
Gabriela Mistral:Richness 325
Part 5 Writing About Poetry 327
Unit Five Forms of Poetry(Ⅱ) 330
Part 1 Closed Form(Ⅱ) 330
1．Rhyme Royal 330
Theodore Roethke:I Knew a Woman 330
2．Ottava Rima 333
William Butler Yeats:Sailing to Byzantium 334
3．The Spenserian Stanza 337
George Gordon,Lord Byron:Apostrophe to the Ocean 338
4．The Sestina 342
Elizabeth Bishop:Sestina 342
5．The Villanelle 345
Dylan Thomas:Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night 345
Part 2 Closed Form(Ⅲ):The Sonnet 348
1．The Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet 348
Petrarch:Sonnet 90(Laura) 349
2．The English or Shakespearean Sonnet 352
William Shakespeare:Sonnet 29 352
3．The Spenserian Sonnet 356
Edmund Spenser:Sonnet 30 356
Part 3 Open Form 359
1．Open Form and Poetic License 359
Leslie Marmon Silko:Prayer to the Pacific 362
2．Conventional Techniques in the Open Form Poem 365
Dudley Randall:A Poet Is Not a Jukebox 366
3．Walt Whitman's Long-lasting Influence 370
Walt Whitman:from Song of Myself 371
Nazik al-Mala'ika:Love Song for Words 376
4．Prose Poetry 378
Shuntarō Tanikawa:A Personal Opinion About Gray 379
5．Visual Poetry 381
E.E.Cummings:Buffalo Bill's 383
George Herbert:Easter Wings 385
Part 4 Poems for Further Reading 387
Giaeomo Leopardi:The Infinite 387
Dino Campana:Genoa Woman 388
Salvatore Quasimodo:Only ifLove Should Pierce You 390
Dante Gabriel Rossetti:Silent Noon 391
Ted Hughes:The Thought-Fox 393
Marianne Moore:Poetry 396
Allen Ginsberg:A Supermarket in California 398
Jaime Torres Bodet:The Window 401
Part 5 Writing About Poetry 403
Bibliography 404