Introduction 1
Chapter 1 Internetworking 1
Internetworking Basics 3
Internetworking Models 6
The Layered Approach 7
Advantages of Reference Models 8
The OSI Reference Model 8
The OSI Layers 9
Assessment Test 15
Ethernet Networking 24
Half-and Full-Duplex Ethernet 25
Ethernet at the Data Link Layer 26
Ethernet at the Physical Layer 30
Ethernet Cabling 33
Straight-Through Cable 33
Crossover Cable 33
Rolled Cable 34
Data Encapsulation 36
Cabling the Wide Area Network 38
Serial Transmission 38
Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communication Equipment 38
Fixed and Modular Interfaces 39
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)Connections 39
Selecting Cisco Products 40
Cisco Routers 41
Cisco Hubs 41
Cisco Switches 43
The Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical Model 44
The Core Layer 46
The Distribution Layer 46
The Access Layer 47
Summary 47
Exam Essentials 48
Key Terms 49
Written Labs 50
Written Lab 1.1:OSI Questions 51
Written Lab 1.2:Defining the OSI Layers and Devices 52
Review Questions 53
Written Lab 1.3:Identifying Collision and Broadcast Domains 53
Answers to Review Questions 58
Answers to Written Labs 60
Answers to Written Lab 1.1 60
Answer to Written Lab 1.2 61
Answers to Written Lab 1.3 61
Chapter 2 Layer-2 Switching 63
Before Layer-2 Switching 65
Switching Services 68
Limitations of Layer-2 Switching 68
Bridging vs.LAN Switching 69
Three Switch Functions at Layer 2 69
Spanning Tree Protocol(STP) 73
Spanning-Tree Terms 74
Spanning-Tree Operations 75
Spanning-Tree Example 77
LAN Switch Types 79
Cut-Through(Real Time) 80
FragmentFree(Modified Cut-Through) 80
Store-and-Forward 80
Summary 81
Exam Essentials 81
Written Lab 2 82
Review Questions 82
Key Terms 82
Answers to Review Questions 87
Answers to Written Lab 2 89
Chapter 3 Internet Protocols 91
TCP/IP and the DoD Model 92
The Process/Application Layer Protocols 94
The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols 98
The Internet Layer Protocols 106
IP Addressing 113
IP Terminology 114
The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme 114
Subnetting 121
Subnet Masks 122
Subnetting Class C Addresses 123
Subnetting Class B Addresses 131
Subnetting Class A Addresses 136
Summary 138
Exam Essentials 139
Key Terms 140
Written Lab 3 141
Review Questions 141
Answers to Review Questions 146
Answers to Written Lab 3 148
Chapter 4 Introduction to the Cisco IOS 151
Cisco Router User Interface 152
Connecting to a Cisco Router 153
Cisco Router IOS 153
Bringing Up a Router 154
Setup Mode 155
Command-Line Interface 159
Logging into the Router 160
Overview of Router Modes 161
CLI Prompts 162
Editing and Help Features 164
Gathering Basic Routing Information 168
Setting Passwords 169
Encrypting Your Passwords 172
Banners 174
Router Interfaces 175
Descriptions 179
Hostnames 179
Viewing and Saving Configurations 180
Verifying Your Configuration 182
Summary 187
Exam Essentials 188
Key Terms 189
Commands Used in This Chapter 190
Written Lab 4 192
Hands-on Labs 193
Hands-on Lab 4.1:Logging into a Router 193
Hands-on Lab 4.2:Using the Help and Editing Features 194
Hands-on Lab 4.4:Setting Your Passwords 195
Hands-on Lab 4.3:Saving a Router Configuration 195
Hands-on Lab 4.5:Setting the Hostname,Descriptions,IP Address,and Clock Rate 197
Review Questions 199
Answers to Review Questions 203
Answers to Written Lab 4 205
Chapter 5 IP Routing 207
Routing Basics 208
The IP Routing Process 209
IP Routing in a Larger Network 214
Configuring IP Routing in Our Network 218
Static Routing 218
Default Routing 223
Dynamic Routing 225
Routing Protocol Basics 226
Administrative Distances 226
Routing Protocols 227
Distance-Vector Routing Protocols 227
Routing Loops 229
Maximum Hop Count 230
Split Horizon 230
Route Poisoning 231
Holddowns 231
Routing Information Protocol(RIP) 232
RIP Timers 232
Configuring RIP Routing 233
Verifying the RIP Routing Tables 235
Holding Down RIP Propagations 237
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol(IGRP) 238
IGRP Timers 239
Configuring IGRP Routing 239
Verifying the IGRP Routing Tables 241
Verifying Your Configurations 243
The Show Protocols Command 243
The Show IP Protocol Command 243
The Debug IP RIP Command 245
The Debug IP IGRP Command 246
Summary 248
Exam Essentials 248
Commands Used in This Chapter 249
Key Terms 249
Written Lab 5 250
Hands-on Labs 251
Hands-on Lab 5.1:Creating Static Routes 251
Hands-on Lab 5.2:Dynamic Routing with RIP 253
Hands-on Lab 5.3:Dynamic Routing with IGRP 254
Review Questions 255
Answers to Review Questions 260
Answers to Written Lab 5 262
Chapter 6 Virtual LANs(VLANs) 263
Introduction to VLANs 264
Broadcast Control 266
Flexibility and Scalability 267
Security 267
VLAN Memberships 270
Static VLANs 270
Dynamic VLANs 271
Identifying VLANs 271
Frame Tagging 272
VLAN Identification Methods 273
Inter-Switch Link (ISL) Protocol 274
VLAN Trunk Protocol(VTP) 275
VTP Modes of Operation 276
VTP Pruning 277
Routing between VLANs 277
Summary 278
Exam Essentials 279
Key Terms 280
Written Lab 6 280
Review Questions 281
Answers to Review Questions 285
Answers to Written Lab 6 287
Chapter 7 Managing a Cisco Internetwork 289
The Internal Components of a Cisco Router 290
The Router Boot Sequence 291
Managing Configuration Registers 292
Understanding the Configuration Register Bits 292
Checking the Current Configuration Register Value 293
Changing the Configuration Register 294
Recovering Passwords 295
Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco IOS 298
Verifying Flash Memory 298
Backing Up the Cisco IOS 299
Restoring or Upgrading the Cisco Router IOS 300
Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco Configuration 302
Backing Up the Cisco Router Configuration 303
Restoring the Cisco Router Configuration 304
Erasing the Configuration 305
Using Cisco Discovery Protocol 305
Getting CDP Timers and Holdtime Information 306
Gathering Neighbor Information 306
Gathering Interface Traffic Information 309
Gathering Port and Interface Information 309
Using Telnet 311
Telnetting into Multiple Devices Simultaneously 312
Checking Telnet Connections 313
Checking Telnet Users 314
Closing Telnet Sessions 314
Resolving Hostnames 315
Building a Host Table 315
Using DNS to Resolve Names 317
Checking Network Connectivity 319
Using the Ping Command 319
Using the Traceroute Command 320
Exam Essentials 321
Summary 321
Key Terms 323
Commands Used in This Chapter 323
Written Lab 7 325
Hands-on Labs 326
Hands-on Lab 7.1:Backing Up Your Router IOS 326
Hands-on Lab 7.2:Upgrading or Restoring Your Router IOS 327
Hands-on Lab 7.3:Backing Up the Router Configuration 327
Hands-on Lab 7.4:Using the Cisco Discovery Protocol(CDP) 327
Hands-on Lab 7.5:Using Telnet 328
Hands-on Lab 7.6:Resolving Hostnames 329
Review Questions 330
Answers to Review Questions 334
Answers to Written Lab 7 336
Chapter 8 Configuring Novell IPX 337
Introduction to Novell IPX 338
Novell IPX Protocol Stack 338
Client-Server Communication 340
Server-Server Communication 341
IPX Addressing 345
Encapsulation 346
Enabling IPX on Cisco Routers 348
Enabling IPX Routing 348
Enabling IPX on Individual Interfaces 349
Configuring Our Internetwork with IPX 350
Configuring IPX on the 2501B Router 351
Configuring IPX on the 2501A Router 351
Configuring IPX on the 2621A Router 351
Configuring IPX on the 2501C Router 352
Verifying the IPX Routing Tables 352
Adding Secondary Addresses 354
Configuring Secondary Addresses 354
Subinterfaces 355
Configuring Our Internetwork with Multiple Ethernet Frame Types 356
Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2621A Router 356
Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2501A Router 357
Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2501B Router 357
Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2501C Router 358
Verifying the IPX Routing Tables 358
The Show IPX Servers Command 359
Monitoring IPX on Cisco Routers 359
The Show IPX Route Command 360
The Show IPX Traffic Command 361
The Show IPX Interface Command 362
The Show Protocols Command 363
The Debug IPX Command 364
The Ping IPX Command 366
Summary 367
Exam Essentials 367
Key Terms 368
Commands Used in This Chapter 368
Hands-on Labs 369
Written Lab 8 369
Hands-on Lab 8.1:Configuring Internetworking Packet Exchange(IPX) 370
Hands-on Lab 8.2:Adding Secondary Network Addresses and Multiple Frame Types with IPX 371
Review Questions 373
Answers to Review Questions 377
Answers to Written Lab 8 379
Chapter 9 Managing Traffic with Access Lists 381
Access Lists 382
Standard IP Access Lists 384
Controlling VTY(Telnet)Access 388
Extended IP Access Lists 388
Monitoring IP Access Lists 393
IPX Access Lists 393
Standard IPX Access Lists 394
Extended IPX Access Lists 395
IPX SAP Filters 395
Verifying IPX Access Lists 396
Summary 397
Exam Essentials 398
Key Terms 398
Commands Used in This Chapter 399
Written Lab 9 400
Hands-on Labs 400
Hands-on Lab 9.1:Standard IP Access Lists 400
Hands-on Lab 9.2:Extended IP Access Lists 402
Hands-on Lab 9.3:Standard IPX Access Lists 404
Review Questions 405
Answers to Review Questions 409
Answers to Written Lab 9 412
Chapter 10 Wide Area Networking Protocols 413
Wide Area Networks 414
Defining WAN Terms 414
WAN Connection Types 415
WAN Support 416
High-Level Data-Link Control Protocol(HDLC) 417
Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP) 418
Link Control Protocol(LCP)Configuration Options 419
PPP Session Establishment 420
PPP Authentication Methods 420
Configuring PPP Authentication 421
Configuring PPP on Cisco Routers 421
Verifying PPP Encapsulation 422
Frame Relay 423
Frame Relay Terminology 424
Frame Relay Encapsulation 426
Data Link Connection Identifiers(DLCIs) 426
Local Management Interface(LMI) 427
Subinterfaces 428
Mapping Frame Relay 432
Frame Relay Congestion Control 433
Committed Information Rate(CIR) 433
Monitoring Frame Relay 434
Integrated Services Digital Network(ISDN) 437
ISDN Components 438
Basic Rate Interface(BRI) 441
Primary Rate Interface(PRI) 441
ISDN with Cisco Routers 442
Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) 443
Configuring DDR 443
Configuring Static Routes 443
Specifying Interesting Traffic 444
Configuring the Dialer Information 444
Optional Commands 446
DDR with Access Lists 446
Verifying the ISDN Operation 447
Exam Essentials 448
Summary 448
Key Terms 449
Commands Used in This Chapter 450
Written Lab 10 452
Hands-on Labs 453
Hands-on Lab 10.1:Configuring PPP Encapsulation and Authentication 453
Hands-on Lab 10.2:Configuring and Monitoring HDLC 454
Hands-on Lab 10.3:Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces 455
Hands-on Lab 10.4:Configuring ISDN and BRI Interfaces 456
Review Questions 459
Answers to Review Questions 463
Answers to Written Lab 10 465
Appendix A Introduction to the Cisco IOS:Hands-on Labs 467
Lab A.1:Logging into a Cisco Router 468
Lab A.2:Editing and Help Features 469
Lab A.3:Gathering Basic Router Information 472
Lab A.4:Setting the Passwords 474
Lab A.5:Setting Router Banners 475
Lab A.6:Configuring Router Interfaces 476
Lab A.7:Bringing up an Interface 477
Lab A.8:Configuring an IP Address on an Interface 478
Lab A.9:Serial Interface Commands 478
Lab A.10:Setting the Router Hostnames 480
Lab A.11:Setting Interface Descriptions 480
Lab A.13:Verifying Your Configuration 481
Lab A.12:Saving Your Configurations 481
Lab A.14:Final Lab 483
Appendix B Configuring the Catalyst 1900 Switch 487
Features of the 1900 Switch 489
The Three Configuration Options 489
Connecting to the Console Port 490
1900 Switch Startup 490
Connecting to an Ethernet Port 491
Cisco 1900 IOS Configuration Commands 492
Setting the Passwords 492
Setting the Hostname 495
Setting IP Information 496
Configuring Switch Interfaces 498
Configuring Interface Descriptions 500
Configuring the Port Duplex 501
Verifying IP Connectivity 502
Erasing the Switch Configuration 503
Managing the MAC Address Table 503
Setting Permanent and Static MAC Addresses 504
Configuring Port Security 507
Using the Show Version Command 508
Changing the LAN Switch Type 508
Configuring VLANs 509
Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs 510
Configuring Trunk Ports 512
Verifying Trunk Links 513
Clearing VLANs from Trunk Links 513
Configuring ISL Routing 514
Configuring VTP 515
Configuring the Domain 516
Adding to a VTP Domain 516
VTP Pruning 517
Restoring or Upgrading the Catalyst 1900 IOS 518
Backing Up and Restoring the Catalyst 1900 Configuration 518
CDP with the 1900 Switch 519
Summary 520
Key Terms 521
Commands Used in This Appendix 521
Hands-on Labs 523
Written Lab Appendix B 523
Lab B.1:Managing the 1900 Switch 524
Lab B.2:1900 Switch Operations 525
Lab B.3:Creating VLANs 526
Lab B.4:Assigning VLANs to Switch Ports 527
Lab B.5:Configuring Trunking 528
Lab B.6:Configuring VTP 529
Lab B.7:Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing with ISL 530
Review Questions 531
Answers to Review Questions 535
Answers to Written Lab Appendix B 537
Appendix C Commands in This Study Guide 539
Glossary 551