CHAPTER 1 RAY OPTICS 1
1.1 Postulates of Ray Optics 3
1.2 Simple Optical Components 6
1.3 Graded-Index Optics 18
1.4 Matrix Optics 26
Reading List 37
Problems 39
CHAPTER 2 WAVE OPTICS 41
2.1 Postulates of Wave Optics 43
2.2 Monochromatic Waves 44
2.3 Relation Between Wave Optics and Ray Optics 52
2.4 Simple Optical Components 53
2.5 Interference 63
2.6 Polychromatic Light 72
Reading List 77
Problems 78
CHAPTER 3 BEAM OPTICS 80
3.1 The Gaussian Beam 81
3.2 Transmission Through Optical Components 92
3.3 Hermite -Gaussian Beams 100
3.4 Laguerre -Gaussian and Bessel Beams 104
Reading List 106
Problems 106
CHAPTER 4 FOURIER OPTICS 108
4.1 Propagation of Light in Free Space 111
4.2 Optical Fourier Transform 121
4.3 Diffraction of Light 127
4.4 Image Formation 135
4.5 Holography 143
Reading List 151
Problems 153
CHAPTER 5 ELECTROMAGNETIC OPTICS 157
5.1 Electromagnetic Theory of Light 159
5.2 Dielectric Media 162
5.3 Monochromatic Electromagnetic Waves 167
5.4 Elementary Electromagnetic Waves 169
5.5 Absorption and Dispersion 174
5.6 Pulse Propagation in Dispersive Media 182
Reading list 191
Problems 191
CHAPTER 6 POLARIZATION AND CRYSTAL OPTICS 193
6.1 Polarization of Light 195
6.2 Reflection and Refraction 203
6.3 Optics of Anisotropic Media 210
6.4 Optical Activity and Faraday Effect 223
6.5 Optics of Liquid Crystals 227
6.6 Polarization Devices 230
Reading List 234
Problems 235
CHAPTER 7 GUIDED-WAVE OPTICS 238
7.1 Planar-Mirror Waveguides 240
7.2 Planar Dielectric Waveguides 248
7.3 Two-Dimensional Waveguides 258
7.4 Optical Coupling in Waveguides 261
Reading List 269
Problems 270
CHAPTER 8 FIBER OPTICS 272
8.1 Step-Index Fibers 274
8.2 Graded-Index Fibers 287
8.3 Attenuation and Dispersion 296
Reading List 306
Problems 307
CHAPTER 9 RESONATOR OPTICS 310
9.1 Planar-Mirror Resonators 312
9.2 Spherical-Mirror Resonators 327
Reading List 339
Problems 340
CHAPTER 10 STATISTICAL OPTICS 342
10.1 Statistical Properties of Random Light 344
10.2 Interference of Partially Coherent Light 360
10.3 Transmission of Partially Coherent Light Through Optical Systems 366
10.4 Partial Polarization 376
Reading List 380
Problems 381
CHAPTER 11 PHOTON OPTICS 384
11.1 The Photon 386
11.2 Photon Streams 398
11.3 Quantum States of Light 411
Reading List 416
Problems 418
CHAPTER 12 PHOTONS AND ATOMS 423
12.1 Atoms, Molecules, and Solids 424
12.2 Interactions of Photons with Atoms 434
12.3 Thermal Light 450
12.4 Luminescence Light 454
Reading List 457
Problems 458
CHAPTER 13 LASER AMPLIFIERS 460
13.1 The Laser Amplifier 463
13.2 Amplifier Power Source 468
13.3 Amplifier Nonlinearity and Gain Saturation 480
13.4 Amplifier Noise 488
Reading List 489
Problems 491
CHAPTER 14 LASERS 494
14.1 Theory of Laser Oscillation 496
14.2 Characteristics of the Laser Output 503
14.3 Pulsed Lasers 522
Reading List 536
Problems 538
CHAPTER 15 PHOTONS IN SEMICONDUCTORS 542
15.1 Semiconductors 544
15.2 Interactions of Photons with Electrons and Holes 573
Reading List 588
Problems 590
CHAPTER 16 SEMICONDUCTOR PHOTON SOURCES 592
16.1 Light-Emitting Diodes 594
16.2 Semiconductor Laser Amplifiers 609
16.3 Semiconductor Injection Lasers 619
Reading List 638
Problems 640
CHAPTER 17 SEMICONDUCTOR PHOTON DETECTORS 644
17.1 Properties of Semiconductor Photodetectors 648
17.2 Photoconductors 654
17.3 Photodiodes 657
17.4 Avalanche Photodiodes 666
17.5 Noise in Photodetectors 673
Reading List 691
Problems 692
CHAPTER 18ELECTRO-OPTICS 696
18.1 Principles of Electro-Optics 698
18.2 Electro-Optics of Anisotropic Media 712
18.3 Electro-Optics of Liquid Crystals 721
18.4 Photorefractive Materials 729
Reading List 733
Problems 735
CHAPTER19 NONLINEAR OPTICS 737
19.1 Nonlinear Optical Media 739
19.2 Second-Order Nonlinear Optics 743
19.3 Third-Order Nonlinear Optics 751
19.4 Coupled-Wave Theory of Three-Wave Mixing 762
19.5 Coupled-Wave Theory of Four-Wave Mixing 774
19.6 Anisotropic Nonlinear Media 779
19.7 Dispersive Nonlinear Media 782
19.8 Optical Solitons 786
Reading List 793
Problems 796
CHAPTER 20ACOUSTO-OPTICS 799
20.1 Interaction of Light and Sound 802
20.2 Acousto-Optic Devices 815
20.3 Acousto-Optics of Anisotropic Media 825
Reading List 830
Problems 830
CHAPTER 21PHOTONIC SWITCHING AND COMPUTING 832
21.1 Photonic Switches 833
21.2 All-Optical Switches 840
21.3 Bistable Optical Devices 843
21.4 Optical Interconnections 855
21.5 Optical Computing 862
Reading List 870
Problems 872
CHAPTER22 FIBER-OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS 874
22.1 Components of the Optical Fiber Link 876
22.2 Modulation, Multiplexing, and Coupling 887
22.3 System Performance 893
22.4 Receiver Sensitivity 903
22.5 Coherent Optical Communications 907
Reading List 913
Problems 915
APPENDIX A FOURIER TRANSFORM 918
A.1 One-Dimensional Fourier Transform 918
A.2 Time Duration and Spectral Width 921
A.3 Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform 924
Reading List 927
APPENDIX B LINEAR SYSTEMS 928
B.1 One-Dimensional Linear Systems 928
B.2 Two-Dimensional Linear Systems 931
APPENDIX C MODES OF LINEAR SYSTEMS 934
SYMBOLS 937
INDEX 949