Unit 1 1
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 1
1．The present perfect progressive indicating a finished action 1
2．The past progressive indicating a circumstance and the simple past indicating a past event 1
3．The past perfect progressive 1
4．The I was wondering if...pattern as a polite form of request 1
LISTENING COMPREHENSION10 1
An American Sighteeing in Athens 1
Unit 2 1
MAIN TEACHING POINTS1 21
The nominal clause used as 21
1．the subject complement introduced by that 21
2．the subject complement introduced by a wh-word 21
3．the appositive 21
4．the subject introduced by what 21
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 21
Messages from the Media 21
Unit 3 21
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 23
The passive sentence 23
1．involving the modal auxiliary have to 23
2．converted from the active sentence with a direct and an indirect object 23
3．involving the verb phrase/phrasal verb 23
4．formed by the They say/It is said...patterns 23
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 31
Killing Two Birds with One Stone 31
Unit 4 31
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 33
Modal auxiliaries 33
1．would+perfect infinitive used to express urfulfilled wish 33
2．should/ought to+perfect infinitive used to express unfulfilled obligation 33
3．needn t+perfect infinitive expressing unnecessary past actions 33
4．may/might+perfect infinitive used to express speculations about past actions 33
5．can/could not+perfect infinitive used to express negative deduction about past actions 33
6．must+perfect infinitive used to express affirmative deduction about past actions 33
7．may/might as well used with the second person pronoun expressing suggestions 33
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 43
Too Many Cats 43
Unit 5 43
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 45
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 53
Telephone Calls 53
Unit 6 53
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 55
The adverbial clause 55
1．of purpose introduced by so that 55
2．of result introduced by so...that 55
3．of concession introduced by no matter+wh-word/even if 55
4．of comparison introduced by than 55
5．of comparison in the the more...the more...pattern 55
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 63
Vitamins 63
Unit 7 63
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 65
1．The-ing participle used as the object of remember,forget and stopThe infinitive used as the object of remember,forget and stop 65
2．The infinitive used as a noun modifier preceded by for and its logical subject 65
3．The infinitive used as the postponed objectin the introductory it construction 65
4．The-ing participle used as the object of a preposition 65
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 65
Pigeons 65
Unit 8 65
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 75 65
1．The relative clause introduced by when 65
2．The relative clause introduced by where 65
3．The relative clause preceded by the way(in which) 65
4．The relative clause introduced by why 65
5．Expressing increase by using times 65
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 65
Don t Forget to Remember! 65
Unit 9 65
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 65
1．The subjunctive were after I wish,indicating a present non-fact 65
2．The subjunctive had been after I wish,indicating a past non-fact 65
3．Sentences of unreal conditions related to the future 65
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 90
Computers 90
Unit 10 90
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 92
1．The future expressed by be about to 92
2．be going to in the past expressing implied intention 92
3．The past perfect used in the hardly...when...pattern 92
4．The past perfect of hope+infinitive expressing an unfulfilled wish 92
5．The simple past in the It s time+subject+past-tense verb pattern 92
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 100
Language Without Words 100
Unit 11 100
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 102
The nominal clause used as 102
1．the subject,introduced by It seems that 102
2．the subject,introduced by It happens that 102
3．the subject,introduced by It doesn t matter+wh-word 102
4．the object in the It all depends on+wh-word pattern 102
5．the postponed object in the introductory it construction 102
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 110
The Present 110
Unit 12 110
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 112
The pass？ve sentence 112
1．converted from an active sentence containing the make somebody do something pattern 112
2．formed by get+ -ed participle 112
3．with a past perfect modal auxiliary 112
4．converted from an active sentence containing the know/think somebody to be pattern 112
5．converted from an active sentence containing the want somebody to do something pattern 112
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 119
Looking into the Future—A ralk given by Dr.Pyke in the 1980s 119
Unit 13 119
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 121
Modal auxiliaries 121
1．ought to used to express strong probability 121
2．used to expressing a past action/situation which is no longer done/no longer exists 121
3．daren t expressing lack of courage 121
4．should in the introductory it construction 121
5．should used after certain verbs 121
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 130
Announcements 130
Unit 14 130
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 132
Indirect speech introduced by various kinds of reporting words 132
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 141
The World of Helen Keller 141
Unit 15 141
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 143
The adverbial clause 143
1．of time introduced by while/as soon as/the moment/by the time 143
2．of time and place introduced by whenever and whereverof concession introduced by howeverof time/cause introduced by now that 143
3．of condition introduced by or elseof purpose introduced by so(that) 143
4．of manner introduced by as if/as though,indicating an unreal situationof time/condition introduced by so long as/as long as 143
5．of degree introduced by so far asof alternative condition introduced by whether...or not 143
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 153
Why Do the British Drive on the Left? 155
Unit 16 155
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 155
1．The-ed Participle used as the object complement in the have something done pattern 155
2．The inf？tive that takes a logical object,which is the subject of the sentence 155
3．The-ing participle used as the object of the preposition 155
4．The-ing participle used as the postponed object in the introductory it construction 155
5．The-ing participle used as the object complement 155
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 163
Challenges 165
Unit 17 165
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 165
1．The relative clause introduced by pronoun+of+which 165
2．The relative clause introduced by who/that and preceded by another relative clause 165
3．The relative clause introduced by that and containing there be 175
4．The relative clause introduced by which,its antecedent being the main clause 175
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 175
Parent-Child Relationships 176
Unit 18 176
MAIN TEACHING POINTS 176
Sentences of unreal conditions 183
1．related to something being done at present 183
2．with the connective unless 183
3．with the connective supposing 183
4．with the connective otherwise 183
5．in the if it hadn t been for...pattern 183
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 183
Visiting the Taj Mahal 185
A Sample Test 185
Answers and Tapescripts for the Sample Test 193
Key to the Workbook 201