第一章 中国笔石研究简史&李积金 1
第二章 中国笔石带的划分及其与国外对比&李积金 倪寓南 3
第一节 下泥盆统笔石带的划分 3
第二节 志留系笔石带的划分 3
第三节 奥陶系笔石带的划分 8
第三章 中国奥陶纪地层分区及岩相生物相特征&穆恩之 李积金 15
第一节 华北区 15
第二节 华中区 15
第三节 江南区 17
第四节 华南区 18
第五节 藏滇区 20
第六节 西北区 20
第七节 北方区 22
第四章 中国奥陶纪笔石动物群类型及生物地理分区&穆恩之 李积金 24
第五章 笔石的演化和分类&李积金 林尧坤 葛梅钰 26
第一节 正笔石式树形笔石的演化和分类&林尧坤 26
第二节 正笔石的演化和分类&李积金 葛梅钰 28
第六章 系统描述&林尧坤 葛梅钰 李积金 倪寓南 33
第一节 树形笔石目Dendroidea Nicholson,1872,emend.Bulman,1938&林尧坤 33
树形笔石亚目Dendroidina Nicholson,1872 33
树笔石科Dendrograptidae Roemerin Frech,1897 33
树笔石亚科Dendrograptinae Roemerin Frech,1897,emend.Mu,1953 33
树笔石属Dendrograptus Hall,1858 33
羽笔石属Ptilograptus Hll,1865 48
无羽笔石亚科Callograptinae Mu,1953 52
持握笔石属Airograptus Ruedemann,1916,emend.Mu,1955 52
无羽笔石属Callograptus Hall,1865 54
盾笔石属Aspidograptus Bulman,1934 70
绞结笔石属Desmograptus Hopkinson,1875 71
群扇笔石属Syrrhipidograptus Poulsen,1924 72
网格笔石亚科Dictyoneminae Mu,1953 73
网格笔石属Dictyonema Hall,1851 73
异笔石属Heterograptus Zhao and Zhang in Lin,1986 96
辐射笔石属Radiograptus(Lapworth MS.)Bulman,1950 98
刺笔石科Acanthograptidae Bulman,1938 99
刺笔石属Acanthograptus Spencer,1878 99
帚笔石属Koremagraptus Bulman,1927 103
芽笔石属Thallograptus Ruedemann,1925 103
毛茎笔石科Inocaulidae Ruedemann,1947 105
毛茎笔石属Inocaulis Hall,1852 105
毛发笔石属Medusaegraptus Ruedemann,1925 106
湖南笔石属Hunanodendrum Mu et al.,1974 109
罗网笔石科Nephelograptidae Bou？ek,1957 110
罗网笔石属Nephelograptus Ruedemann,1947 110
荆棘笔石属Cactograptus Ruedemann,1908 111
正笔石式树形笔石亚目Graptodendroidina Mu and Lin,1981 112
反称笔石科Anisograptidae Bulman,1950,emend.Mu,1974 114
十字笔石亚科Staurograptinae Mu,1974 114
十字笔石属Staurograptus Emmons,1855 114
磨棍笔石属Aletograptus Obut and Sobolevskaya,1962 120
反称笔石亚科Anisograptinae Bulman,1950 121
反称笔石属Anisograptus Ruedemann,1937 121
苔藓笔石属Bryograptus Lapworth,1880 129
三笔石属Triograptus Monsen,1925 134
匿笔石亚科Adelograptinae Mu,1974 135
匿笔石属Adelograptus Bulman,1941 135
枝笔石属Clonograptus Hall and Nicholson,1873 142
开氏笔石属Kiaerograptus Spjeldnaes,1963 154
穆恩之笔石科Muenzhigraptidae Zhao and Zhang,1985 157
穆恩之笔石属Muenzhigraptus Zhao and Zhang,1985 158
浑江笔石属Hunjiangograptus Zhao and Zhang,1985 160
双型笔石属Diphygraptus Zhao and Zhang,1985 160
戟笔石科Psigraptidae Lin,1981,emend.Zhao and Zhang,1985 161
全戟笔石属Holopsigraptus Zhao and Zhang,1985 162
育空笔石属Yukonograptus Lin,1981,emend.Zhao and Zhang,1985 163
戟笔石属Psigraptus Jackson,1967,emend.Lin,1981 164
第二节 管笔石目Tuboidea Kozlowski,1938&林尧坤 166
管树笔石科Tubidendridae Kozlowski,1949 166
交织笔石属Reticulograptus Wiman,1901(=Multitubus Skevington,1963)emend.Bulman and Rickards,1966 166
奇管笔石科Idiotubidae Kozlowski,1949 168
树管笔石属Dendrotubus Kozlowski,1949 168
盔笔石属Galeograptus Wiman,1901 169
第三节 目科分类位置未定Taxonomic position uncertain of order and family&林尧坤 170
柔弱笔石属Chaunograptus Hall,1879 170
简单笔石属Haplograptus Ruedemann,1933 171
西伯利亚笔石属Siberiograptus Obut,1963 172
缠绕笔石属Strophograptus Ruedemann,1904 173
第四节 正笔石目Graptoloidea Lapworth,1875&葛梅钰 李积金 倪寓南 174
对笔石亚目Didymograptina Lapworth,1880&葛梅钰 李积金 174
对笔石超科Didymograptacea Mu,1950,emend.herein&葛梅钰 174
四笔石科Tetragraptidae Mu,1950,emend.herein 175
四笔石亚科Tetragraptinae Mu,1950,emend.herein 175
四笔石属Tetragraptus Salter,1863 176
假四笔石属Pseudotetragraptus Hsü and Chao,1976,emend.herein 196
稀奇笔石属Perissograptus Williams and Stevens,1988 198
下垂笔石属Pendeograptus Bou？ek and Pribyl,1951 199
裂隙笔石亚科（新亚科）Schizograptinae Ge(subfam.nov.) 201
裂隙笔石属Schizograptus Nicholson,1876(=Trochograptus Holm,1881) 202
全笔石属Holograptus Holm,1881 204
均分笔石亚科Dichograptinae Lapworth,1873,emend.herein 204
均分笔石属Dichograptus Salter,1863,emend.herein 205
劳氏笔石属Loganograptus Hall,1868 211
直均分笔石属Orthodichograptus Thomas,1972 214
三叉笔石属Tridensigraptus Zhao,1964,emend.herein 216
假均分笔石属Pseudodichograptus Chu,1965,emend.herein 217
假劳氏笔石属Pseudologanograptus Hsü and Chao,1976 218
棱笔石亚科Goniograptinae Yu and Fang,1979 219
棱笔石属Goniograptus M'Coy,1876 219
？前棱笔石属？Praegoniograptus Rickards and Chapman,1991 223
腕笔石属Brachiograptus Harris and Keble,1932 224
江南笔石属Jiangnanograptus Xiao and H.Y.Chen,1990,emend.herein 225
肯乃笔石科Kinnegraptidae Mu,1974 226
肯乃笔石属Kinnegraptus Skoglund,1961 227
武宁笔石属Wuninograptus Ni,1981 227
对笔石科Didymograptidae Mu,1950,emend.herein 228
对笔石亚科Didymograptinae Mu,1950,emend.herein 229
对笔石属Didymograptus M'Coy,1851 229
笛笔石属Aulograptus Skevington,1965 311
拟笛笔石属Paraulograptus Bou？ek,1973 312
侯氏笔石属Holmograptus Kozlowski,1954 313
反常笔石属Atopograptus Harris,1926 314
奇笔石属Allograptus Mu,1957,emend.herein 315
拟态笔石亚科（新亚科）Mimograptinae Ge(subfam.nov.) 316
拟态笔石属Mimograptus Harris and Thomas,1940(=Taishano-graptus Li and Ge,1987=Kstaugraptus Tsaj,1973) 316
头发笔石属Trichograptus Nicholson,1876 318
垂柳笔石属Pendeosalicograptus Jiao,1981 319
联笔石亚科（新亚科）Zygograptinae Ge(subfam.nov.) 321
联笔石属Zygograptus Harris and Thomas,1941(=Laxograptus Cooper and Fortey,1982) 321
翼笔石亚科Pterograptinae Mu,1950,emend.herein 323
翼笔石属Pterograptus Holm,1881,emend.herein(=Pseudo-bryograptus Mu,1957) 324
弯笔石属Sigmagraptus Ruedemann,1904,emend.Cooper and Fortey,1982(=Hemigoniograptus Jin and Wang,1977) 329
玉山笔石属Yushanograptus Chen,Sun and Han,1964 330
宁夏笔石科（新科）Ningxiagraptidae Ge(fam.nov.) 331
宁夏笔石属（新属）Ningxiagraptus Ge(gen.nov.) 331
对向笔石属Janograptus Tullberg,1880 333
假对向笔石属Pseudojanograptus Hsü and Chao,1976,emend.herein 337
拟对笔石科Paradidymograptidae Wang,1975,emend.herein 338
拟对笔石属Paradidymograptus Mu,Geh and J.X.Yin,1962 338
中国笔石科Sinograptidae Mu,1957 340
中国笔石属Sinograptus Mu,1957 341
瘤笔石属Tylograptus Mu,1957 342
断笔石科Azygograptidae Mu,1950 347
断笔石属Azygograptus Nicholson and Lapworth,1875 347
吉首笔石属Jishougraptus Ge,1988 351
尼氏笔石属Nicholsonograptus Bou？ek and Pribyl,1951,emend.herein 352
假断笔石属Pseudazygograptus Mu,Lee and Geh,1960 355
中国断笔石属Sinazygograptus Wang and Wu,1977 358
等称笔石科Isograptidae Harris,1933 359
等称笔石属Isograptus Moberg,1892 359
柯坪笔石科Kalpinograptidae Qiao,1977,emend.herein 368
柯坪笔石属Kalpinograptus Qiao,1977(=Apoglossograptus Finney,1978) 369
假等称笔石属Pseudisograptus Beavis,1972 371
曲笔石属Maeandrograptus Moberg,1892 379
娇笔石科Abrograptidae Mu,1958 380
娇笔石属Abrograptus Mu,1958 380
双线笔石属Dinemagraptus Kozlowski,1951 381
拟娇笔石属Parabrograptus Mu and Qiao,1962 382
原娇笔石属Protabrograptus Ni,1981,emend.herein 383
丝笔石科Nemagraptidae Lapworth,1873(ex Hopkinson MS.) 383
纤笔石亚科Leptograptinae Mu,1950 383
纤笔石属Leptograptus Lapworth,1873 383
丝笔石亚科Nemagraptinae Lapworth,1873 390
丝笔石属Nemagraptus Emmons,1855 390
偶笔石属Amphigraptus Lapworth,1873 397
孪笔石属Syndyograptus Ruedemann,1908 398
肋笔石属Pleurograptus Nicholson,1867 399
双头笔石科Dicranograptidae Lapworth,1873 401
双头笔石亚科Dicranograptinae Lapworth,1873 401
双头笔石属Dicranograptus Hall,1865(=Neodicellograptus Mu and Wang,1977) 401
叉笔石亚科（新亚科）Dicellograptinae Ge(subfam.nov.) 412
叉笔石属Dicellograptus Hopkinson,1871 412
双角笔石属Diceratograptus Mu,1963 432
江西笔石属Jiangxigraptus Yu and Fang,1966,emend.herein 434
棠垭笔石亚科Tangyagraptinae Mu,1963 436
棠垭笔石属Tangyagraptus Mu,1963 436
斜靠笔石科（新科）Incumbograptidae Ge(fam.nov.) 437
斜靠笔石属（新属）Incumbograptus Ge(gen.nov.) 437
隐蔽笔石属（新属）Aclistograptus Ge(gen.nov.) 439
偏斜笔石属（新属）Deflexigraptus Ge(gen.nov.) 443
科分类位置未定Taxonomic position uncertain of family 444
江山笔石属Jiangshanites Mu and Qiao,1962 444
切笔石属Temnograptus Nicholson,1876 445
灌木笔石属Thamnograptus Hall,1859 446
舌笔石超科Glossograptacea Lapworth,1873&李积金 葛梅钰 447
叶笔石科Phyllograptidae Lapworth,1873&李积金 447
叶笔石属Phyllograptus Hall,1858 447
假叶笔石属Pseudophyllograptus Cooper and Fortey,1982 455
假三角笔石属Pseudotrigonograptus Mu and Lee,1958(=Trigono-graptus Nicholson,1869=Tristichograptus Jackson and Bulman,1970) 457
心笔石科Cardiograptidae Mu and Zhang,1966 459
原肿笔石属Proncograptus Xiao,Xia and Wang,1985 459
肿笔石属Oncograptus T.S.Hall,1914 460
原心笔石属Procardiograptus Xiao,Xia and Wang,1985 462
心笔石属Cardiograptus Harris and Keble in Harris,1916 462
拟心笔石属Paracardiograptus Mu and Lee,1958 466
舌笔石科Glossograptidae Lapworth,1873 467
梨笔石属Apiograptus Cooper and McLaurin,1974 467
伯格斯特龙笔石属Bergstroemograptus Finney and Chen,1984 468
影笔石属Skiagraptus Harris,1933 469
隐笔石属Cryptograptus Lapworth,1880 470
棒笔石属Corynoides Nicholson,1867&葛梅钰 475
舌笔石属Glossograptus Emmons,1855&李积金 478
拟舌笔石属Paraglossograptus Mu in Hsü,1959 488
鱼叉笔石属Lonchograptus Tullberg,1880 491
双笔石亚目Diplograptina Lapworth,1880,emend.Bulman,1970&李积金 倪寓南 葛梅钰 491
双笔石超科Diplograptacea Lapworth,1873&李积金 491
双笔石科Diplograptidae Lapworth,1873 491
双笔石亚科Diplograptinae Lapworth,1873 491
双笔石属Diplograptus M'Coy,1850(=Mesograptus Elles and Wood,1907) 492
围笔石属Amplexograptus Elles and Wood,1907 525
假围笔石属Pseudamplexograptus Mitchell,1987 536
膝笔石属Geniculograptus Mitchell,1987 537
始雕笔石亚科Eoglyptograptinae Mitchell,1987 540
始雕笔石属Eoglyptograptus Mitchell,1987 541
鄂西笔石属Exigraptus Mu in Mu et al.,1979 542
波曲笔石属Undulograptus Bou？ek,1973 544
雕笔石亚科Glyptograptinae Mitchell,1987 550
雕笔石属Glyptograptus Lapworth,1873 550
斜栅笔石属Clinoclimacograptus Bulman and Rickards,1968 590
次栅笔石属Metaclimacograptus Bulman and Rickards,1986 590
直笔石亚科Orthograptinae Mitchell,1987 594
直笔石属Orthograptus Lapworth,1873 594
赫斯特德笔石属Hustedograptus Mitchell,1987 616
栅笔石亚科Climacograptinae Frech,1897,emend.Mitchell,1987 619
栅笔石属Climacograptus Hall,1865 620
刀笔石属Ensigraptus Riva and Ketner,1989 666
良栅笔石属Euclimacograptus Riva,1989 667
附刺笔石属Appendispinograptus Li and Li,1985 668
双茎笔石属Dicaulograptus Rickards and Bulman,1965,emend.Finney,1985 676
纤胞笔石属（新属）Leptothecalograptus Li(gen.nov.) 677
假栅笔石属Pseudoclimacograptus Pribyl,1941 679
正常笔石亚科Normalograptinae Storch and Serpagli,1993 693
正常笔石属Normalograptus Legrand,1987(=Scalarigraptus Riva,1988),emend.Storch and Serpagli,1993 693
新双笔石属Neodiplograptus Legrand,1987 707
花瓣笔石亚科Petalolithinae Bulman,1955,emend.Li,1984 709
前直管笔石属Prorectograptus Li,1994 710
直管笔石属Rectograptus Pribyl,1949,emend.Li,1982 710
拟直笔石属Paraorthograptus Mu in Mu et al.,1974 728
花瓣笔石属Petalolithus Suess,185l 737
头笔石属Cephalograptus Hopkinson,1869 753
宋溪笔石属Songxigraptus Fang et al.,1990 754
尖笔石科Akidograptidae Li and Ge,1981 755
尖笔石属Akidograptus Davies,1929 755
拟尖笔石属Parakidograptus Li and Ge,1981 760
两形笔石科Dimorphograptidae Elles and Wood,1908 766
两形笔石属Dimorphograptus Lapworth,1876 766
布氏笔石属Bulmanograptus Pribyl,1948 770
针笔石属Rhaphidograptus Bulman,1936 775
毛笔石科Lasiograptidae Lapworth,1879 777
古毛笔石属Prolasiograptus Lee,1963 777
毛笔石属Lasiograptus Lapworth,1873 781
裸笔石属Gymnograptus Bulman(ex Tullberg MS.),1953 782
赫氏笔石属Hallograptus Lapworth,1876 783
脉笔石属Neurograptus Lapworth,1875 783
神笔石属Nymphograptus Elles and Wood,1908 784
罟笔石科Reteograptidae Mu,1974 784
罟笔石属Reteograptus Hall,1859 785
拟罟笔石属Pararetiograptus Mu,1974 787
假罟笔石属Pseudoreteograptus Mu,1993 789
直罟笔石属Orthoretiograptus Mu in Wang et al.,1977 790
中华罟笔石属Sinoretiograptus Mu,1974 791
细网笔石科Retiolitidae Lapworth,1873 791
细网笔石亚科Retiolitinae Lapworth,1873 791
细网笔石属Retiolites Barrande,1850 791
假细网笔石属Pseudoretiolites Bou？ek and Münch,1943 793
假绞笔石属Pseudoplegmatograptus Pribyl,1948 795
四川笔石属Sichuanograptus Zhao in Ye,1978 799
孔笔石属Stomatograptus Tullberg,1883 799
中华孔笔石属Sinostomatograptus Huo,1957 803
大巴山笔石亚科Dabashanograptinae Ge,1990 803
大巴山笔石属Dabashanograptus Ge,1990 803
古网笔石亚科Archiretiolitinae Bulman,1955,emend.Mu,1974 804
古网笔石属Archiretiolites Eisenack,1935 804
蛛网笔石属Arachniograptus Ross and Berry,1963 805
直网笔石属Orthoretiolites Whittington,1954 806
绞笔石属Plegmatograptus Elles and Wood,1908 806
拟绞笔石属Paraplegmatograptus Mu,1963 808
孙氏笔石属Sunigraptus Mu in Mu et al.,1993 812
尹氏笔石属Yinograptus Mu in Mu and Chen,1962 812
扬子笔石属Yangzigraptus Mu in Yang et al.,1983 814
辫笔石亚科Plectograptinae Bou？ek and Münch,1952&倪寓南 815
辫笔石属Plectograptus Moberg and T？rnquist,1909 815
单笔石超科Monograptacea Lapworth,1873&李积金 倪寓南 葛梅钰 816
单笔石科Monograptidae Lapworth,1873 816
原始笔石属Atavograptus Rickards,1974 816
锯笔石属Pristiograptus Jaekel,1889,emend.Frech,1897&李积金 倪寓南 817
波希米亚笔石属Bohemograptus Pribyl,1967&倪寓南 836
口刺笔石属Saetograptus Pribyl,1942 836
空腹笔石属Lagarograptus Obut and Sobolevskaya in Obut, 837
Sobolevskaya and Merkureva,1968,emend.Rickards,Hutt and Berry,1977&李积金 837
普利贝笔石属Pribylograptus Obut and Sobolevskaya,1966,emend.Rickards and Rushton,1968 838
普纳笔石属Pernerograptus Pribyl,1941 841
单笔石属Monograptus Geinitzi,1852&李积金 倪寓南 847
新单笔石属Neomonograptus Mu and Ni,1975&倪寓南 870
卷笔石属Streptograptus Yin,1937,emend.Loydell,1990&李积金 871
裂片笔石属Lobograptus Urbanek,1958&倪寓南 884
湖北笔石属Hubeigraptus Li,1995&李积金 884
单栅笔石属Monoclimacis Frech,1897 887
奥氏笔石属Oktavites Levina,1928(=Obutograptus Mu,1955) 899
螺旋笔石属Spirograptus Gurich,1908(=Tyrsograptus Obut,1949) 912
半耙笔石属Demirastrites Eisel,1912 913
耙笔石属Rastrites Barrande,1850 919
弓笔石科Cyrtograptidae Averianow,1929,emend.Bou？ek,1931&葛梅钰 930
弓笔石亚科Cyrtograptinae Averianow,1929,emend.Bou？ek,1931 930
弓笔石属Cyrtograptus Carruthers,1867(=Averianowograptus Obut,1949,Damosiograptus Obut,1950;Lapworthograptus Bou？ek and Pribyl,1952;Uralograptus Koren,1962;Kurga-nakograptus Golikov,1969） 930
巴氏笔石属Barrandeograptus Bou？ek,1933 939
拟肋笔石属Pleurograptoides Averianow,1931 940
线痕笔石亚科Linograptinae Obut,1957 941
反向笔石属Diversograptus Manck,1923(=Sinodiversograptus Mu and Chen,1962) 941
新反向笔石属Neodiversograptus Urbanek,1963&倪寓南 944
第七章 中国含笔石地层的对比&李积金 林尧坤 倪寓南 945
第八章 中国笔石的地层分布&李积金 林尧坤 葛梅钰 倪寓南 949
参考文献 1015
属种学名索引 1043
图版说明及图版（1—256） 1072