1．INTRODUCTION 1
Occurrence of Plasmas in Nature 1
Definition of Plasma 3
Concept of Temperature 4
Debye Shielding 8
The Plasma Parameter 11
Criteria for Plasmas 11
Applications of Plasma Physics 13
2．SINGLE-PARTICLE MOTIONS 19
Introduction 19
Uniform E and B Fields 19
Nonuniform B Field 26
Nonuniform E Field 36
Time-Varying E Field 39
Time-Varying B Field 41
Summary of Guiding Center Drifts 43
Adiabatic Invariants 43
3．PLASMAS AS FLUIDS 53
Introduction 53
Relation of Plasma Physics to Ordinary Electromagnetics 54
The Fluid Equation of Motion 58
Fluid Drifts Perpendicular to B 68
Fluid Drifts Parallel to B 75
The Plasma Approximation 77
4．WAVES IN PLASMAS 79
Representation of Waves 79
Group Velocity 81
Plasma Oscillations 82
Electron Plasma Waves 87
Sound Waves 94
Ion Waves 95
Validity of the Plasma Approximation 98
Comparison of Ion and Electron Waves 99
Electrostatic Electron Oscillations Perpendicular to B 100
Electrostatic Ion Waves Perpendicular to B 109
The Lower Hybrid Frequency 112
Electromagnetic Waves with B0=0 114
Experimental Applications 117
Electromagnetic Waves Perpendicular to B0 122
Cutoffs and Resonances 126
Electromagnetic Waves Parallel to B0 128
Experimental Consequences 131
Hydromagnetic Waves 136
Magnetosonic Waves 142
Summary of Elementary Plasma Waves 144
The CMA Diagram 146
5．DIFFUSION AND RESISTIVITY 155
Diffusion and Mobility in Weakly Ionized Gases 155
Decay of a Plasma by Diffusion 159
Steady State Solutions 165
Recombination 167
Diffusion across a Magnetic Field 169
Collisions in Fully Ionized Plasmas 176
The Single-Fluid MHD Equations 184
Diffusion in Fully Ionized Plasmas 186
Solutions of the Diffusion Equation 188
Bohm Diffusion and Neoclassical Diffusion 190
6．EQUILIBRIUM AND STABILITY 199
Introduction 199
Hydromagnetic Equilibrium 201
The Concept of B 203
Diffusion of Magnetic Field into a Plasma 205
Classification of Instabilities 208
Two-Stream Instability 211
The"Gravitational"Instability 215
Resistive Drift Waves 218
The Weibel Instability 223
7．KINETIC THEORY 225
The Meaning of f(v) 225
Equations of Kinetic Theory 230
Derivation of the Fluid Equations 236
Plasma Oscillations and Landau Damping 240
The Meaning of Landau Damping 245
A Physical Derivation of Landau Damping 256
BGK and Van Kampen Modes 261
Experimental Verification 262
Ion Landau Damping 267
Kinetic Effects in a Magnetic Field 274
8．NONLINEAR EFFECTS 287
Introduction 287
Sheaths 290
Ion Acoustic Shock Waves 297
The Ponderomotive Force 305
Parametric Instabilities 309
Plasma Echoes 324
Nonlinear Landau Damping 328
Equations of Nonlinear Plasma Physics 330
APPENDICES 349
Appendix A．Units,Constants and Formulas,Vector Relations 349
Appendix B．Theory of Waves in a Cold Uniform Plasma 355
Appendix C．Sample Three-Hour Final Exam 361
Appendix D．Answers to Some Problems 369
Index 417
Index to Problems 421