Prologue 1
1 From the high Renaissance to the Hague Rules 5
The classical law 5
The French Revolution,the Napoleonic Wars and the nineteenth century 13
The Hague Rules 22
2 1914 to 1954 35
The First World War 36
The inter-war years 44
The Second World War 61
3 The 1954 Hague Convention and First Hague Protocol 92
Preamble 94
Scope of application 96
General provisions regarding protection 100
Special protection 140
Transport of cultural property 162
Execution of the Convention 165
Special agreements 195
The First Protocol 195
4 The 1977 Additional Protocols 202
Additional Protocol I 203
Additional Protocol II 229
The role of the ICRC 234
5 The 1999 Second Hague Protocol 236
Relationship to the Convention 242
Scope of application 245
General provisions regarding protection 248
Enhanced protection 263
Penal sanctions 274
Institutional issues 288
Dissemination,co-operation and assistance 294
Execution of the Protocol 297
6 Other relevant bodies of law 302
Treaties 302
Customary international law 316
UNESCO Declaration concerning the Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage 356
Epilogue 360
Bibliography 362
Index 393