Chapter 1 THE NATURE OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION 1
Globalization，Glocalization，and Grobalization 3
Culture 5
Enculturation 8
Acculturation 9
Ethnocentrism 9
Norms，Rules，Roles，and Networks 10
Subcultures and Subgroups 10
Cultural Intelligence 11
Communication Barriers 12
Intercultural Constructs 12
Global Mindsets 13
Multinational Management Orientations 14
Chapter 2 UNIVERSAL SYSTEMS 21
Economic Systems 21
Political Systems 27
World Economics 30
Educational Systems 32
Marriage and Family Systems 37
Social Hierarchies and Interaction 42
Chapter 3 CONTRASTING CULTURAL VALUES 51
Values 51
Semantic Differences 54
Attribution and Perception 55
Attitudes Toward Women 56
Work Attitudes 58
Attitudes Toward Ethics 60
Religious Influences 62
Individualism and Collectivism 64
Chapter 4 CULTURAL SHOCK 73
Stages of Cultural Shock 76
Alleviating Cultural Shock 78
Aspects of Cultural Shock 83
Relationships and Family Considerations 85
Public and Private Self 85
Chapter 5 LANGUAGE 92
High-and Low-Context Language 94
Language Diversity 94
The Language of Numbers 95
Informal and Alternative Languages 96
Forms of Verbal Interaction 97
Linear and Nonlinear Language 98
Vocabulary Equivalence 99
Parables and Proverbs 100
Conversation Taboos 101
Nature of Language 103
Translation Problems 104
Interpreter Use 105
Host Language 107
Thought 108
Language and Culture Interaction 110
Chapter 6 ORAL AND NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION PATTERNS 116
Thought Patterns 116
Paralanguage 117
Chronemics 117
Proxemics 120
Oculesics 121
Olfactics 122
Haptics 123
Kinesics 125
Chromatics 129
Silence 130
Nonverbal Leakage 130
Objects，Signs，and Symbols 131
Chapter 7 WRITTEN COMMUNICATION PATTERNS 142
International English 142
Writing Tone and Style 144
Letter Formats 146
Facsimiles（Fax） 154
Electronic Mail（E-Mail） 154
Resume and Job Search Information 156
Chapter 8 GLOBAL ETIQUETTE 164
Introductions，Greetings，and Handshakes 165
Business Card Exchange 167
Position and Status 168
Electronic Communication Etiquette 170
Dining Practices 171
Tipping 173
Gift Giving 174
Travel Etiquette 177
Chapter 9 BUSINESS AND SOCIAL CUSTOMS 187
Verbal Expressions 188
Male/Female Relationships and Workplace Equality 190
Humor in Business 191
Superstitions and Taboos 192
Dress and Appearance 193
Customs Associated with Holidays and Holy Days 195
Office Customs and Practices 199
Customary Demeanor/Behavior 200
Bribery 201
Special Foods and Consumption Taboos 202
Chapter 10 INTERCULTURAL NEGOTIATION PROCESS 210
Steps in the Negotiation Process 211
Mistakes Commonly Made During Negotiations 214
Intercultural Negotiation Models 215
Negotiation Strategies 218
Trade Agreements 222
Negotiation Styles 226
Chapter 11 INTERCULTURAL NEGOTIATION COMPONENTS 237
Cross-Cultural Negotiation Components 237
Stereotypes That Affect Intercultural Negotiations 246
Comparative Negotiation Styles 246
Characteristics of Effective Negotiators 246
Importance of Protocol in Intercultural Negotiations 248
Group versus Individual Orientation 250
Face-to-Face Strategies 251
Role of the Media 251
Personal Constructs 252
Chapter 12 LAWS AFFECTING INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND TRAVEL 267
Home-Country and Host-Country Laws 268
International Law 270
Contracts 271
Global Patents 273
Nonwritten Law 274
Ethics and the Law 274
International Travel and Law 276
Country-Specific Travel Tips 278
Appendix A：Glossary 289
Appendix B：Answers to Exercises 296