1.What it Means to Work with TRIPS 1
Intellectual Property and Trade Law: Marriage of Convenience, or Shotgun Wedding? 5
Outline of TRIPS Disputes 20
2.TRIPS Law and TRIPS Politics: Legal Clarity and Policy Flexibility 29
TRIPS in the Spotlight 30
Intellectual Property and Trade Law: A Shotgun Wedding? 31
TRIPS in the WTO 33
What Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights are 'Trade-Related'? 35
TRIPS and the New Economy 36
Resistance to TRIPS 39
From a Politics of TRIPS to the Practice of TRIPS 41
'Defending TRIPS' 43
'Getting around TRIPS' 44
The Limits to International Lawmaking 45
Access to Medicines and the Compulsory Licensing Debate 47
Power to the Policymakers 49
'Impossible things' about TRIPS 50
3.Situating TRIPS Within the WTO: In Practice and in Theory 55
Situating TRIPS in the WTO: Values, Ideology, and Theory 62
Contesting the Idea of TRIPS 64
Roots of the WTO 65
Intellectual Property under the GATT 67
Is TRIPS a 'Market Access' Agreement? 72
4.A Practical Anatomy of TRIPS 75
The Hybrid Structure of TRIPS 75
The Content of TRIPS 79
PartⅠ: General Provisions and Basic Principles 80
Exhaustion of Rights 85
Part Ⅱ: Practical Points 85
Part Ⅱ: Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope, and Use of IP Rights 86
Substantive Law of Copyright 92
Substantive Law of Trademarks 94
Substantive Law on Geographical Indications 96
Just Getting Along? Geographical Indications, Trademarks, and Coexistence 99
Substantive Law on Industrial Designs 102
Substantive Law on Patents 102
Substantive Law on Integrated Circuit Layout Designs 106
Substantive Law on Undisclosed (Confidential) Information 106
Substantive Law on Anti-Competitive Practices 108
Part Ⅱ: Practical Points 108
Parts Ⅲ and Ⅳ: Enforcement and Grant of Intellectual Property Rights 109
Parts Ⅲ and Ⅳ: Practical Points 116
Part Ⅴ: Dispute Prevention and Settlement 117
Part Ⅴ: Practical Points 123
Part Ⅵ: Transitional Arrangements 123
Part Ⅶ: Institutional Arrangements: Final Provisions 123
Parts Ⅵ and VII: Practical Points 128
5.Trade Rules or Trade Wars? Settling TRIPS Disputes 129
TRIPS Dispute Settlement in Context 129
The Function of TRIPS Dispute Settlement 136
The Cause of Action 136
Remedies 140
Dispute Settlement Procedure 143
IP Law and Policy in TRIPS Disputes 146
Practical Insights from Other TRIPS Cases 151
Cross-Retaliation Cases: TRIPS and Market Access under Other Agreements 156
Practical Points 157
6.TRIPS and Global Issues: Navigating IP and Public Policy 159
From the 'Trade and'question 160
...to debating 'TRIPS and' 162
TRIPS in the Practice of Public Policy 164
TRIPS and Global Public Goods 165
Core Principles: Law and Policy 167
And in Practice 169
Towards Reconciliation 171
TRIPS and Human Rights 172
Public Health 179
Traditional Knowledge, Biodiversity, and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 185
Climate Change 190
Geographical Indications 193
Beyond Zero-Sum: Strategies for Reconciliation 198
7.TRIPS and the Promotion of National Interests 201
Beyond IP Producer versus IP Consumer? 202
And Beyond Zero-Sum Trade-Offs? 205
Assessing Impact in a Changing Context 207
Towards Richer Ideas of'Compliance': Treaty Implementation as Good Policy, and Good Policy as Treaty Implementation 208
Appendix 215
Index 223