CHAPTER 1 LEGAL THEORY AND THE USES OF THE SEA 1
Physical Nature of the Oceans 1
The Seas in Ancient Times 5
Dominion Over the Seas 6
The Age of Mercantilism 11
Freedom of the Seas 17
The Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zones 21
The Hague Codification Conference(1930) 25
The Geneva Conventions of 1958 30
CHAPTER 2 INTERNATIONAL LAW AND NAVAL FORCES 42
Development of Navies 43
Laws of War 46
Neutral Rights 48
Prizes,Blockades,and Contraband 50
The Hague Peace Conferences and Declaration of London 55
Contraband 57
Two World Wars 59
Submarine Warfare 59
The United Nations Charter and War 65
Strategic Submarines and Ocean Space 69
International Straits 73
Archipelagic States 76
Neuclear Weapons and the Seabed 78
International Law At Sea Since 1950 79
CHAPTER 3 REGULATION OF THE WORLD MERCHANT MARINE 84
Development of Ocean Shipping 85
Early Maritime Law 89
Nationality of Vessels 93
Nineteenth Century Merchant Marine 99
Maritime Law Before World War Ⅱ 103
Twentieth Century Merchant Marine 112
International Organization for World Shipping 121
IMCO and Maritime Law 124
Carriage of Goods by Sea Convention(1978) 129
UNCTAD and Maritime Law 133
U.N.Law of the Sea Conferences 139
CHAPTER 4 CUSTOMARY AND TREATY LAW FOR FISHERIES 145
Early European Fisheries 148
Fisheries and Sovereignty of the Sea 154
From Bilateral to Multilateral Agreements 161
Conservation Measures before World War Ⅱ 175
The First and Second U.N.Law of the Sea Conference 184
Modern Fisheries 189
Extended Jurisdiction Over Fisheries 193
The Third U.N.Law of the Sea Conference 198
CHAPTER 5 EXPLOITATION OF THE SEABED UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW 207
Legal Status of the Seabed in the Nineteenth Century 207
The Petroleum Industry 211
Oil Statistics 215
The Continental Shelf 217
The Seabed beyond National Jurisdiction 224
The Third U.N.Law of the Sea Conference 232
The International Seabed Authority and the Enterprise 236
The Extended Continental Shelf 244
CHAPTER 6 LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT 251
Pollution in the World Ocean 254
The Regulation of Marine Pollution 259
Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil 263
MARPOL 1973 268
Tanker Safety and Pollution Prevention Conference(1978) 270
Liability for Oil Spills 272
Third U.N.Law of the Sea Conference 277
CONCLUSION 286
BIBLIOGRAPHY 292
INDEX 301