PREFACE 1
PART ONE THE SENTENCE 2
Chapter I Review of Sentence Skills 2
Unit One Complete Sentences 2
Stage One Simple Sentences 2
Stage Two Avoiding Run-ons and Comma-Splices 2
Stage Three Avoiding Sentence Fragments 3
Unit Two Punctuation 5
Unit Three Spelling 6
Stage One Introduction 8
Chapter II Functions 8
Unit One Description 8
Stage Two Sentence Linking 9
Stage Three Free Writing 11
Unit Two Comparison 13
Stage One Introduction 13
Stage Two Sentence Linking 13
Stage Three Free Writing 16
Stage One Introduction 17
Unit Three Contrast 17
Stage Two Sentence Linking 18
Stage Three Free Writing 22
Unit Four Cause and Effect 24
Stage One Introduction 24
Stage Two Sentence Linking 25
Stage Three Free Writing 27
Stage One Introduction 29
Stage Two Sentence Linking 29
Unit Five Exemplification 29
Stage Three Free Writing 32
Unit Six Division and Classification 33
Stage One Introduction 33
Stage Two Sentence Linking 33
Stage Three Free Writing 35
Unit Seven Definition 36
Stage One Introduction 36
Stage Two Sentence Linking 36
Stage Three Free Writing 38
Stage One Introduction 40
Unit Eight Addition 40
Stage Two Sentence Linking 41
Stage Three Free Writing 42
PART TWO THE PARAGRAPH 45
Chapter III Basic Principles of Paragraph Writing 45
Unit One The Topic Sentences 45
1．1 Effective Topic Sentences 45
1．2 Selecting Topic Sentences 46
1．3．1 The topic sentence at the beginning 48
1．3 Positions of Topic Sentences 48
1．3．2 The topic sentence at the beginning and the end 49
1．3．3 The topic sentence at the beginning and in the middle 49
1．3．4 The topic sentence at the end 50
Unit Two Kinds of Order 53
2．1 Chronological Order（Time Order） 53
2．2 Spatial Order（Space Order） 53
2．3 Climactic Order 54
Unit Three Coordinating Your Decision to Patterns and Orders 58
4．1 Introductory Paragraph 60
Unit Four Types of Paragraphs 60
4．2 Transitional Paragraph 62
4．3 Concluding Paragraph 63
Unit Five Types of Outlines 66
5．1 Scratch Outline 66
5．2 Topic Statement 67
5．2．1 Sequence of Symbols 67
Unit Six Dravoing Conclusion 71
Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Process Paragraphs 76
Prelude 76
Unit One Process Description 76
Chapter IV Creating Different Patterns of Paragraph Development 76
Stage Two Organization of Paragraphs by Process Description 78
Stage Three Paragraph Outline 80
Stage Four Guided Writing 81
Stage Five Sample Paragraphs by Process Description 83
Unit Two Comparison 84
Prelude 84
Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Comparison Paragraphs 84
Stage Two Organization of Comparison Paragraphs 85
Stage Three Paragraph Outline 89
Stage Four Guided Writing 90
Stage Five Sample Comparison Paragraphs 93
Unit Three Contrast 94
Prelude 94
Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Contrast Paragraphs 94
Stage Two Organization of Contrast Paragraphs 96
Stage Three Paragraph Outline 99
Stage Four Guided Writing 100
Stage Five Sample Contrast Paragraphs 103
Stage One Organization of Comparison and Contrast Paragraphs 104
Prelude 104
Unit Four Comparison and Contrast 104
Stage Two Paragraph Outline 109
Stage Three Guided Writing 110
Stage Four Sample Passages by Comparison and Contrast 112
Unit Five Cause and Effect 114
Prelude 114
Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Cause and Effect Paragraphs 114
Stage Two Cause-Effect Paragraphs 116
Stage Three Paragraph Outline 122
Stage Four Guided Writing 123
Stage Five Sample Paragraphs by Cause and Effect 125
Unit Six Division and Classification 126
Prelude 126
Stage One Organization of Division and Classification Paragraphs 126
Stage Two Paragraph Outline 132
Stage Three Guided Writing 134
Stage Four Sample Paragraphs by Division and Classification 135
Prelude 137
Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Paragraphs 137
Unit Seven Illustration（Exemplification） 137
Stage Two Organization of Illustration Paragraphs 139
Stage Three Paragraph Outline 144
Stage Four Guided Writing 144
Stage Five Sample Illustration Paragraphs 145
Unit Eight Definition 147
Prelude 147
Stage One Review of Sentence Definitions 147
Stage Two Organization of Extended Definitions 150
Stage Three Paragraph Outline 154
Stage Four Guided Writing 155
Stage Five Sample Definition Paragraphs 156
Unit Nine Argument 158
Prelude 158
Stage One Ways to Express Arguments 158
Stage Two Organization of Argumentative Paragraphs 159
Stage Three Paragraph Outline 162
Stage Four Guided Writing 165
Stage Five Sample Argumentative Passages 167
Appendix I Various Styles of Resume 173
Appendix II Key 180
Chapter I 180
Unit One 180
Unit Two 181
Unit Three 182
Chapter II 182
Unit One 182
Unit Two 182
Unit Three 183
Unit Five 184
Unit Four 184
Unit Six 185
Unit Seven 186
Unit Eight 186
Chapter III 187
Unit One 187
Unit Two 187
Unit Four 188
Unit Five 188
Unit One 189
Unit Six 189
Chapter IV 189
Unit Two 191
Unit Three 193
Unit Four 196
Unit Five 198
Unit Six 200
Unit Seven 202
Unit Eight 205
Unit Nine 206